Intervention: Prison Industries

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OutcomeEvaluated Findings
Recidivism
High_strong_benefit
High_strong_benefit
Basic_strong_benefit
Basic_weak_benefit
High_no_evidence
High_no_evidence
Basic_no_evidence
Employment
High_strong_benefit
High_strong_benefit
Basic_strong_benefit
Basic_weak_benefit
Basic_no_evidence
Description of Intervention
Depending upon the available programs and the type of correctional facility (eg, state versus federal), persons participating in prison industries are employed in jobs ranging from farming and agriculture (Johnson 1984) to metal industries and furniture shops (Flanagan et al 1988). Industry programs are implemented in correctional systems for a variety of reasons. In general, it is believed that participation in a prison industry will reduce idleness, instill societal norms, provide occupational training, and improve the chances of post-release employment success (Maguire, Flanagan, and Thornberry 1988).
Summary of Findings

Seven studies meeting eligibility criteria and methodological standards were identified: three were rated at the basic level of study rigor, while four were rated as high rigor. All seven studies evaluated the impact of prison industries on recidivism outcomes, and four of them found evidence of a significant and beneficial treatment effect, while the remaining three found no evidence of an effect. … (more)

Recommendations for Practice
  • Cox (2009) found that prisoners participating in the Prison Industry Certificate Enhancement Program (PIECP) experienced a delay in recidivism compared to traditional industry (TI) participants. Additionally, when compared to TI participants, PIECP participants earned more and experienced a delay in the time until job loss. … (more)
Suggestions for Future Research
  • Although the body of research on prisoner industries is robust (five studies meeting the high level of rigor have been conducted), these studies have shown conflicting results, suggesting that further research may be needed to identify the contexts and populations with which the intervention is effective or ineffective.

7 Evaluations

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Rigor: Basic
Cox 2009
Age
Adult
Gender
Mixed
State/Country
Unspecified, Multi
Focus Area
Employment
Intervention

Program Name: Prison Industry Enhancement Certificate Program (PIECP)

Outcome Ratings:
Recidivism: Modest evidence of effectiveness Basic_weak_benefit
Employment: Modest evidence of effectiveness Basic_weak_benefit

Program Summary: The Prison Industry Enhancement Certification Program (PIECP), which began in 1979, is a prison industries program that allows prison and jail inmates to work in private sector jobs and earn locally-prevailing market wages with deductions for taxes, …

Rigor: High
Richmond 2009
Age
Adult
Gender
Women
State/Country
Unspecified
Focus Area
Employment
Intervention

Program Name: Federal Prison Industries, or UNICOR

Outcome Ratings:
Recidivism: No evidence of an effect High_no_evidence

Program Summary: UNICOR is the federal prison system’s prison industries program. It was established in 1934 and is currently the largest prison industries system in the U.S …

Rigor: Basic
Smith, Bechtel 2005, 2006
Age
Adult
Gender
Mixed
State/Country
Unspecified, Multi
Focus Area
Employment
Intervention

Program Name: Prison Industries Enhancement Certification Program (PIECP)

Outcome Ratings:
Recidivism: Strong evidence of effectiveness Basic_strong_benefit
Employment: Strong evidence of effectiveness Basic_strong_benefit

Program Summary: The Prison Industry Enhancement Certification Program (PIECP), which began in 1979, is a prison industries program that allows prison and jail inmates to work in private sector jobs and earn locally-prevailing market wages with deductions for taxes, …

Rigor: High
Drake 2003
Age
Mixed
Gender
Mixed
State/Country
Washington
Focus Area
Employment
Intervention

Program Name: Correctional Industries Program: Class I Employment

Outcome Ratings:
Recidivism: Strong evidence of effectiveness High_strong_benefit
Employment: Strong evidence of effectiveness High_strong_benefit

Program Summary: The goal of the Correctional Industries program in Washington State is to promote job skill development and work ethic that can benefit inmates both during incarceration and after release …

Rigor: High
Flanagan et al. 1988
Age
Adult
Gender
Men
State/Country
New York
Focus Area
Employment
Intervention

Program Name: Prison Industry

Outcome Ratings:
Recidivism: No evidence of an effect High_no_evidence

Program Summary: This intervention evaluated was an in-prison work program operating in New York state prisons in which participants’ tasks included working in metal industries, tailor shops, sign shops, mattress shops, furniture shops, stock rooms and …

Rigor: High
Saylor, Gaes 1985-1999
Age
Adult
Gender
Mixed
State/Country
Unspecified
Focus Area
Employment
Intervention

Program Name: UNICOR

Outcome Ratings:
Recidivism: Strong evidence of effectiveness High_strong_benefit
Employment: Strong evidence of effectiveness High_strong_benefit

Program Summary: UNICOR is the federal prison system’s prison industries program. It was established in 1934 and is currently the largest prison industries system in the U.S. (Richmond 2009) …

Rigor: Basic
Johnson 1984
Age
Adult
Gender
Men
State/Country
Florida
Focus Area
Employment
Intervention

Program Name: Prison Industries

Outcome Ratings:
Recidivism: No evidence of an effect Basic_no_evidence
Employment: No evidence of an effect Basic_no_evidence

Program Summary: Institutional work provides incarcerated persons the opportunity to participate in work assignments within the correctional facility …

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