Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs and HIV/AIDS)
Below are links to information related to sexually transmitted diseases, including HIV/AIDS. Click on the below menu or scroll down to view general information and programs, research, statistics and guidelines on this topic.
General Information and Programs
Research
Chlamydia
2012
Highlights of the 2012 STD Prevention Conference: Chlamydia and Gonorrhea (3/302012)
Summaries of research presented at the March 2012 STD Prevention conference focus on:
Self-Reported Chlamydia Testing of Women in the United States, 2006-2008; Trends in Chlamydia Retesting Rates Among Males and Females; How One Simple Clinic Systems-Level Intervention Increased Overall Chlamydia/Gonorrhea Retesting Rates; and Increasing Chlamydia and Gonorrhea Retesting Rates in a Student Health Center Using a Quality Improvement Approach.
National Estimate Shows Not Enough Young Women Tested for Chlamydia (3/302012)
Just 38 percent of sexually active young women were screened for chlamydia in the previous year, according to the most recent nationally representative estimate of chlamydia screening among this population conducted by the CDC. CDC recommends annual screening for all sexually active women aged 25 and under.
2011
CDC Grand Rounds: Chlamydia Prevention: Challenges and Strategies for Reducing Disease Burden and Sequelae (4/20/2011)
Substantial racial/ethnic disparities in chlamydial infection exist, with prevalence among non-Hispanic blacks approximately five times the prevalence among non-Hispanic whites. Among sexually active females aged 14-19 years, chlamydia prevalence is 6.8% overall (4.4% among non-Hispanic whites and 16.2% among non-Hispanic blacks).
2010
Chlamydia
Prevention: Challenges and Strategies for Reducing Disease Burden (5/28/10)
This session of Public Health Grand Rounds focused on current efforts to reduce
the burden of chlamydia and its complications, as well as addressed the myriad
social disparities and challenges that face those seeking to limit the reach
of this serious public health problem.
Chlamydia Profiles,
2008
Each of the Regional Profiles, one for each of the ten HHS regions,
contains a map of the region and a bar graph showing trends in chlamydia
positivity rates among women 15 to 24 years of age attending family
planning clinics. Information on the proportion of all chlamydia tests
performed that were nucleic acid amplification tests is included.
Chlamydia and Gonorrhea
- Two Most Commonly Reported Notifiable Infectious Diseases in the United States (4/30/10)
Adolescent girls and young women are especially hard hit by these two
diseases. The largest number of reported cases of both chlamydia and
gonorrhea in 2008 was among girls between 15 and 19 years of age, followed
closely by young women 20 to 24 years of age.
2009
Chlamydia and Women
Podcast (5/15/09)
This women's health podcast focuses on chlamydia, its severe health
consequences for women if left untreated, and the importance of annual
chlamydia screening.
Chlamydia Screening
among Sexually Active Young Female Enrollees of Health Plans- United States,
2000-2007 (5/15/09)
CDC analyzed data reported by commercial and Medicaid health plans
to the Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set (HEDIS) during
2000-2007. The percentage of enrolled sexually active females who were
screened for chlamydia was estimated for each of 41 states that had
at least five health plans reporting HEDIS chlamydia screening data
and for four U.S. geographic regions. Nationally, the annual screening
rate increased from 25.3% in 2000 to 43.6% in 2006, and then decreased
slightly to 41.6% in 2007. The regional rate of chlamydia screening
in 2007 was highest in the Northeast (45.5%) and lowest in the South
(37.3%). Increased screening by health-care providers is necessary
to reduce the burden of chlamydial infection in the United States.
Chlamydia
Prevalence Monitoring Project, 2007 (2/27/09)
This report presents statistics and trends for genital Chlamydia trachomatis
infections in the United States through 2007. In 2007, 1,108,374 chlamydial
infections were reported to CDC from 50 states and the District of
Columbia. Among women, the highest age-specific rates of reported chlamydia
in 2007 were among 15- to 19-year-olds and 20- to 24-year-olds.
Syphilis
2012
Syphilis Profiles, 2010 (3/8/2012)
The profiles provide an overview of syphilis morbidity in each of the 50 states, the District of Columbia, Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands. The profiles consist of figures and tables of data on syphilis from the U.S. states and territories through 2010.
2010
Syphilis Profiles,
2008 (2/24/10)
The profiles provide an overview of syphilis morbidity in each of the 50 states,
the District of Columbia, Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands. The profiles
consist of figures and tables of data on syphilis from the U.S. states and territories
through 2008.
Congenital
Syphilis - United States, 2003-2008 (4/30/10)
This report indicates that after declining for 14 years, the congenital
syphilis rate among infants aged <1 year increased 23%, from 8.2 cases per 100,000
live births in 2005 to 10.1 during 2008. That increase followed a 38% increase
in the P&S syphilis rate among females aged ≥ 10 years from 2004
to 2007.
STD
2012
Reportable STDs in Young People 15-24 Years of Age, by State (3/8/2012)
Regardless of race or gender, data show that sexually active adolescents and young adults are at increased risk for STDs when compared to older adults.
Atlas on HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Data (1/31/2012)
The Atlas provides interactive maps, graphs, tables, and figures showing geographic patterns and time trends of HIV, AIDS, chlamydia, gonorrhea, and primary and secondary syphilis surveillance data. TB and viral hepatitis are slated to be included in 2012.
Partner Services Providers Quick Guide (1/31/2012)
A reference tool for disease intervention specialists, public health nurses and other partner services providers in health departments and community organizations that provide STD and HIV partner services.
2011
STD Trends in the United States: 2010 National Data for Gonorrhea, Chlamydia, and Syphilis (12/29/2011)
This document summarizes 2010 national data on gonorrhea, chlamydia, and syphilis that are published in CDC’s report, Sexually Transmitted Disease Surveillance, 2010. The data are based on state and local STD case reports from a variety of private and public sources, the majority of which come from non-STD clinic settings, such as private physician offices and health maintenance organizations.
Sexually Transmitted Disease Surveillance, 2010 (12/8/2011)
Data from the report show a heavy burden in the United States for chlamydia, gonorrhea and syphilis and highlight ongoing health inequalities that drive racial disparities. CDC estimates that there are 19 million new infections each year in the U.S. with an annual cost of $17 billion to the U.S. healthcare system.
10 Ways STDs Impact Women Differently from Men (9/16/2011)
Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) remain a major public health challenge in the U.S., especially among women, who disproportionately bear the long-term consequences of STDs.
Community Approaches to Reducing Sexually Transmitted Diseases (9/16/2011)
The Division of STD Prevention is pleased to announce that it will award a total of $5.4 million over the next three years to support the planning, implementation, and evaluation of innovative, interdisciplinary interventions to: reduce STD disparities; promote sexual health; and advance community wellness.
STD Goes Mobile (9/16/2011)
Popular fact sheets now available for smart phones and other mobile devices.
2010
Seroprevalence
of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Among Persons Aged 14-49 Years - United
States, 2005-2008 (4/30/10)
To determine whether HSV-2 seroprevalence in the United States has changed
since 1999-2004 and to estimate HSV-2 seroprevalence by age, race/ethnicity,
and reported lifetime number of sex partners, CDC analyzed serologic test results
from persons aged 14-49 years who participated in NHANES 2005-2008. Seroprevalence
was highest among women (20.9%) and non-Hispanic blacks (39.2%). Of those infected
with HSV-2, 81.1% had not received a diagnosis.
April is STD Awareness Month
(4/1/10)
This website was created for partners and stakeholders to help educate, motivate
and mobilize communities in the prevention of STDs. Visit the site to access
materials, educational tools and information to support your STD prevention
outreach. This year MTV, the Kaiser Family Foundation, Planned Parenthood Federation
of America, CDC, and other partners are supporting National STD Awareness Month
with the GYT: Get Yourself Tested campaign designed to encourage and normalize
STD testing among young people, and to promote important conversations between
young people and their partners, parents, and health care providers.
Get Yourself Tested (GYT)
Campaign (4/1/10)
By the age of 25, one in two young people will get a sexually transmitted disease
(STD). Most won't know it. GYT is about taking control of YOUR (sex) life by
getting tested - and talking openly about it. Getting tested is easier than
ever before. What are you waiting for? GYT Today!
Be Smart.
Be Well. STD Videos (4/1/10)
These six videos, produced by Be Smart Be Well, raise awareness of sexually
transmitted diseases.
Release
of the i know initiative of the
Act Against AIDS campaign (4/1/10)
CDC launches "i know" - a new initiative of the Act Against AIDS
campaign aimed at increasing dialogue around HIV among young African Americans,
ages 18-24 years through a variety of social media channels (including Facebook
and Twitter).
2009
CDC STD Surveillance Report (12/28/09)
The report tracks reported cases of chlamydia, gonorrhea and syphilis in the
United States. The report finds that adolescent girls continue to bear a
major burden of common sexually transmitted diseases and a disproportionate
impact on racial minorities persists.
STD Health
Disparities (2/27/09)
STD health disparities are differences in disease rates that occur by gender,
race or ethnicity, education or income, disability, geographic location, or
sexual orientation. This page provides a quick glance of these disparities
for 2002-2007.
Sexually
Transmitted Disease Surveillance, 2007 (1/30/09)
Sexually Transmitted Disease Surveillance, 2007 presents statistics
and trends for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in the United States through
2007. This annual publication is intended as a reference document for policy
makers, program managers, health planners, researchers, and others who are
concerned with the public health implications of these diseases.
HIV/AIDS
2012
Interim Guidance for Clinicians Considering the Use of Preexposure Prophylaxis for the Prevention of HIV Infection in Heterosexually Active Adults (8/30/2012)
This interim guidance includes consideration of new information and addresses pregnancy and safety issues for heterosexually active adults at very high risk for sexual HIV acquisition that were not discussed in the previous interim guidance for the use of PrEP in MSM.
CDC Reports Progress, Innovations and Challenges in Scaling-Up Prevention of Mother-to-Child-Transmission Efforts in Africa (8/30/2012)
Research and analysis from the CDC on Preventing Mother-to-Child Transmission presented at the XIX International AIDS Conference reveal mother-to-child transmission has decreased in South Africa, provides insights into new clinical and laboratory data in resource-limited settings, and highlights the application of best practices in Mozambique.
Trends in HIV-Related Risk Behaviors Among High School Students - United States, 1991-2011 (8/30/2012)
Overall and among female and white students, condom use increased during 1991-2003 and then did not change significantly during 2003-2011.
Let’s Stop HIV Together (8/30/2012)
The campaign gives voice to people living with HIV from all walks of life, alongside their friends and family members. As part of the campaign, these individuals share their personal stories and call on everyone to join the fight against the disease.
Update to CDC’s U.S. Medical Eligibility Criteria for Contraceptive Use, 2010: Revised Recommendations for the Use of Hormonal Contraception Among Women at High Risk for HIV Infection or Infected with HIV (6/30/2012)
This report summarizes CDC’s assessment of the evidence regarding hormonal contraceptive use and the risk for HIV acquisition, transmission, and disease progression and the resulting updated guidance. These updated recommendations affirm the previous guidance, which stated that 1) the use of hormonal contraceptives, including combined hormonal contraceptives, progestin-only pills, depot medroxyprogesterone acetate, and implants, is safe for women at high risk for HIV infection or infected with HIV (US MEC category 1), and 2) all women who use contraceptive methods other than condoms should be counseled regarding the use of condoms and the risk for sexually transmitted infections.
Diagnoses of HIV Infection and AIDS in the United States and Dependent Areas, 2010 (3/302012)
This report includes estimated numbers and rates of diagnoses of HIV infection based on data from 51 areas (46 states and 5 U.S. dependent areas) that have had confidential name-based HIV infection reporting. The rates among adults and adolescents in 2010 were 20.0 among males and 6.4 among females.
Updated HIV Surveillance - Epidemiology of HIV Infection (through 2010) Slide Set (3/302012)
Slides provide information on diagnosis by sex, adult and adolescent, transmission category, race/ethnicity, sexual contact, injection drug use, and more.
African American Women Claiming their Power in Fight Against HIV (3/302012)
Take Charge. Take the Test. messages remind women that they have the power to take charge of their health and protect themselves from HIV through testing, talking openly with their partners about HIV, and insisting on safe sex. Resources for Take Charge. Take the Test
National Women and Girls HIV/AIDS Awareness (3/302012)
Be aware of the special risks HIV/AIDS pose for women and girls, and help raise awareness of the disease's impact on them.
2011
PMTCT: A Winnable Battle in South Africa (12/29/2011)
South African and CDC researchers present new evidence that the country is winning the fight against the HIV and AIDS epidemic. According to their national survey results, the mother-to-child HIV transmission (MTCT) rate for HIV is 3.5% and virtually eliminating this form of HIV transmission is therefore within reach by 2015 with intensified efforts.
Vital Signs: HIV Prevention Through Care and Treatment -- United States (12/29/2011)
Among Medical Monitoring Project participants (representing adults aged ≥ 18 years receiving medical care for HIV infection), 89% had been prescribed ART, of whom 77% had a suppressed viral load. However, only 28% of all persons living with HIV infection in the United States are estimated to be virally suppressed, in large part because only approximately 41% are both aware of their infection and receiving ongoing HIV care.
New Hope for Stopping HIV: Testing and Medical Care Save Lives (12/8/2011)
Getting an HIV test is the first step to finding out if you have HIV and getting medical care. Without medical care, HIV leads to AIDS and early death.
Updated Fact Sheet: HIV in the United States (12/8/2011)
CDC estimates 1.2 million people in the United States are living with HIV infection. One in five (20%) of those people are unaware of their infection.
Updated Fact Sheet: HIV among Women (9/16/2011)
According to 2009 HIV surveillance data, women represented 24% of all diagnoses of HIV infection among United States adults and adolescents in 40 states with long-established, confidential name-based reporting.
Characteristics Associated with HIV Infection Among Heterosexuals in Urban Areas with High AIDS Prevalence - 24 Cities, United States, 2006-2007 (9/16/2011)
Low SES and other adverse social conditions can increase the risk for HIV infection through sexual exploitation, marital instability, unstable sexual partnerships, poor mental health, substance abuse, and limited access to health care and preventive services. In addition, socioeconomic segregation confines low-SES persons to sexual networks with high underlying rates of HIV and other STDs, thereby further increasing their risk for HIV infection.
HIV Surveillance: Enhanced Perinatal Surveillance--15 Areas, 2005-2008 (5/10/2011)
The purpose of this report is to describe the population of HIV-infected women who gave birth during 2005-2008. These data provide information for further focusing perinatal prevention efforts in the United States and the dependent areas.
HIV Surveillance in Women Updated Slide Set (5/10/2011)
The 15 slides are available in Adobe PDF format and PowerPoint PPT format.
Results of FEM-PrEP Clinical Trial Examining Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV Prevention Among Heterosexual Women (4/20/2011)
FHI announced that it will stop the FEM-PrEP study of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV prevention among heterosexual women. The decision was made after a regularly scheduled interim review of data by the trial's independent data monitoring committee determined that the trial could not demonstrate efficacy even if it continued to its originally-planned conclusion.
HIV/AIDS among Hispanics/Latinos (1/7/2011)
The HIV epidemic is a serious public health issue in the Latino1 community. The HIV infection rate among Latinos in 2009 was nearly three times as high as that of whites (26.4 vs 9.1 per 100,000 population).
2010
HIV
Surveillance in Women (Through 2008) (10/29/10)
The slide set covering HIV Surveillance in Women has recently been updated
with information from the 2008 HIV Surveillance Report: Diagnoses of HIV infection
and AIDS in the United States and Dependent Areas.
HIV Among African
Americans (9/30/10)
By race/ethnicity, African Americans face the most severe burden of HIV in
the United States (US). At the end of 2007, blacks accounted for almost half
(46%) of people living with a diagnosis of HIV infection in the 37 states and
5 US dependent areas with long-term, confidential, name-based HIV reporting.
CDC
Statement on CAPRISA Microbicide Study Results (8/31/10)
Women represent the majority of new HIV infections globally, and urgently need
methods they can control to protect themselves from infection. The results
of this tenofovir-based vaginal gel also give us reason to be very hopeful about
the potential of oral antiretroviral (ARV) medications to prevent HIV infection.
Expanded
HIV Testing and Trends in Diagnoses of HIV Infection - District of Columbia,
2004-2008 (7/30/10)
During 2004-2008, a total of 3,312 new AIDS cases were diagnosed among blacks/African
Americans, Hispanics/Latinos, and whites in DC. Blacks/African Americans accounted
for the highest proportion of diagnoses overall (86%) and for 82% and 94% of
diagnoses among males and females, respectively.
HIV/AIDS Questions
and Answers (4/30/10)
Updated questions and answers include information on the basics, statistics,
testing, transmission, treatment, and more.
2009
Deaths
Among Persons with AIDS through December 2006 (11/12/09)
Through 2007, an estimated total of 1,051,875 persons in the United States
and dependent areas were diagnosed with AIDS. At the end of 2006, an estimated
446,098 persons in the United States and dependent areas were living with AIDS.
Among females, HIV was the 4th and 7th leading cause of death in blacks/African
Americans and Hispanics/Latinos, respectively.
Effect
of Antiretroviral Therapy on Risk of Sexual Transmission of HIV Infection and
Superinfection (9/30/09)
The past decade has seen substantial advances in the development of antiretroviral
therapy (ART)-medications used in combination to reduce the replication of
HIV virus and treat HIV-infected persons. Because of these medications, many
HIV-infected persons are able to reduce levels of virus in the bloodstream
(plasma viral load) to undetectable levels. Data suggest that HIV-infected
persons with undetectable viral load are less infectious, and may be less likely
to transmit HIV via sexual contact. This fact sheet summarizes the implications
of these data to individual couples and to the potential impact of ART in the
prevention of HIV transmission within populations.
Pre-Exposure
Prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV Prevention; Planning for Potential Implementation
in the U.S. (8/31/09)
One promising approach being explored is pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) -
the use of HIV treatment medications to protect uninfected individuals from
HIV infection. CDC, the National Institutes of Health, and other researchers
are conducting clinical trials around the world to test the effectiveness of
the use of once-daily PrEP pills among populations at high risk for infection,
including men who have sex with men in the U.S., Latin America, Asia, and Africa;
heterosexual men, women, and couples in Africa; and injection drug users in
Asia. The first trial results may be reported this year.
Advocate's
Pocket Toolkit
Cases
of HIV Infection and AIDS in the United States and Dependent Areas, by Race/Ethnicity,
2003-2007 (8/10/09)
In this report, CDC presents estimated numbers of cases of HIV infection, including
cases of HIV infection that progressed to AIDS. Of females with AIDS, 64 percent
were among black/African American women, and nearly equal percentages were
among Hispanic/Latino women (18 percent) or white women (17 percent).
Oral Sex
and HIV Risk (7/7/09)
Like all sexual activity, oral sex carries some risk of HIV transmission when
one partner is known to be infected with HIV, when either partner’s HIV status
is not known, and/or when one partner is not monogamous or injects drugs. Even
though the risk of transmitting HIV through oral sex is much lower than that
of anal or vaginal sex, numerous studies have demonstrated that oral sex can
result in the transmission of HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases.
Late HIV Testing-
34 States, 1996-2005 (7/7/09)
To characterize late HIV testing, CDC examined data from 1996-2005 from 34
states with confidential name-based HIV and AIDS reporting (the most recent
data available) to determine the percentage of persons who received an AIDS
diagnosis within 3 years after receiving their initial HIV diagnosis. At 3
years after their initial HIV diagnosis, 46.9 percent of men had an AIDS diagnosis
compared with 41.5 percent of women. A similar pattern was observed by the
HIV transmission category.
HIV Testing
among High School Students- United States, 2007 (7/7/09)
Results indicated that nationwide, 12.9 percent of all high school students
had ever been tested for HIV. The prevalence of HIV testing increased with
increasing grade and decreased with increasing age at first sexual intercourse.
Prevalence of HIV testing was higher among female students (14.8 percent) than
male students (11.1percent).
Guidelines
for Prevention and Treatment of Opportunistic Infections in HIV-Infected Adults
and Adolescents (3/30/09)
This report updates and combines earlier versions of guidelines for the prevention
and treatment of opportunistic infections (OIs) in HIV-infected adults (i.e.,
persons aged ≥18 years) and adolescents (i.e., persons aged 13-17
years), last published in 2002 and 2004, respectively. These guidelines address
several OIs that occur in the United States and five OIs that might be acquired
during international travel. Topic areas covered for each OI include epidemiology,
clinical manifestations, diagnosis, prevention of exposure; prevention of disease
by chemoprophylaxis and vaccination; discontinuation of primary prophylaxis
after immune reconstitution; treatment of disease; monitoring for adverse effects
during treatment; management of treatment failure; prevention of disease recurrence;
discontinuation of secondary prophylaxis after immune reconstitution; and special
considerations during pregnancy.
Women & Girls
HIV/AIDS Awareness (3/30/09)
In 2006, nearly 15,000 or more than a quarter of new HIV cases in the United
States were among women and girls ages 13 years and older. Women of color are
especially impacted by the disease. If you have never had an HIV test, or if
your last HIV test was some time ago, please get yourself tested again. To
find an HIV testing location near you, go to www.hivtest.org, or text your
zip code to KNOW IT.
Cases
of HIV Infection and AIDS in the United States and Dependent Areas, 2007 (2/27/09)
This report presents estimated numbers of cases of diagnosed HIV infection,
including cases that progressed to AIDS, from the 39 areas (34 states and 5
U.S. dependent areas) that have had confidential name-based HIV infection reporting
for a sufficient length of time. From 2004 through 2007, the estimated number
of newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS cases increased approximately 18% among males and
8% among females.
Enhanced
Perinatal Surveillance-Participating Areas in the United States
and Dependent Areas, 2000-2003 (1/30/09)
This report describes the population of HIV-infected women who gave birth during
2000 through 2003. These data provide information for further focusing perinatal
prevention efforts in the United States and the dependent areas. The data are
presented by child’s birth year so that readers can understand the characteristics
of this population in a particular year. This report includes data from the
24 areas conducting EPS for live births during 2000 through 2003.
HPV
2012
Updated HPV Vaccine (Gardasil®) What You Need to Know (3/30/2012)
This updated information sheet answers eight questions: what is HPV, why get vaccinated, who should get this HPV vaccine and when, why should some people not get the vaccine or wait, what are the risks from this vaccine, what if there is a moderate or severe reaction, what is the national vaccine injury compensation program, and how can I learn more.
Are Your Kids Protected from HPV-related Cancers? (1/31/2012)
Protect your sons and daughters from human papillomavirus (HPV)-related cancer and other diseases associated with HPV by getting them the HPV vaccine. It takes 3 shots to complete the series, so make sure they get all 3 to be protected.
2011
National and State Vaccination Coverage Among Adolescents Aged 13 Through 17 Years - United States, 2010 (9/16/2011)
In 2010, vaccination coverage among adolescents aged 13 through 17 years increased from coverage in 2009; however, the percentage-point increase in ≥1 dose of HPV among females (4.4 points) was less than half the increase observed for ≥1 dose of Tdap (13.1) and ≥1 dose of MenACWY (9.1).
2009
HPV Brochures
for American Indian & Alaska Native Women (3/31/09)
CDC’s HPV brochures for American Indian and Alaska Native women are now available
online and in print (free ordering). You can access them from CDC’s new Common
Infections Common Reality brochures page at www.cdc.gov/std/hpv/common or
from the ‘feature’ sections on our HPV page (www.cdc.gov/std/hpv)
and STD home page (www.cdc.gov/std/). Print
orders can also be made directly by emailing DSTDPMatReq@cdc.gov.
These products are the culmination of a long but fruitful process of materials
adaptation, audience testing and revision, with significant input from our
partners in the field.
Assessing the Burden
of HPV-Associated Cancers in the United States (1/27/09)
Cancer registry data is used to estimate how many HPV-associated cancers occurred
in the United States before the release of the HPV vaccine and to examine current
patterns in the distribution of these cancers. Six articles are in this journal
supplement.
Human
Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccine Safety (1/27/09)
This page provides links to information on HPV vaccine safety, HPV vaccine,
and disease information.
Gonorrhea
2012
Update to CDC's Sexually Transmitted Diseases Treatment Guidelines, 2010: Oral Cephalosporins No Longer a Recommended Treatment for Gonococcal Infections (8/30/2012)
CDC recommends combination therapy with ceftriaxone 250 mg intramuscularly and either azithromycin 1 g orally as a single dose or doxycycline 100 mg orally twice daily for 7 days as the most reliably effective treatment for uncomplicated gonorrhea.
Highlights of the 2012 STD Prevention Conference: Chlamydia and Gonorrhea (3/30/2012)
Summaries of research presented at the March 2012 STD Prevention conference focus on:
Self-Reported Chlamydia Testing of Women in the United States, 2006-2008; Trends in Chlamydia Retesting Rates Among Males and Females; How One Simple Clinic Systems-Level Intervention Increased Overall Chlamydia/Gonorrhea Retesting Rates; and Increasing Chlamydia and Gonorrhea Retesting Rates in a Student Health Center Using a Quality Improvement Approach.
2010
Chlamydia and Gonorrhea
- Two Most Commonly Reported Notifiable Infectious Diseases in the United States (4/30/10)
Adolescent girls and young women are especially hard hit by these two diseases.
The largest number of reported cases of both chlamydia and gonorrhea in 2008
was among girls between 15 and 19 years of age, followed closely by young women
20 to 24 years of age.
Stats in a Snap
![graph](images/nov_2011_1_std.jpg)
Figure 1. Cesarean delivery rates by age of mother: United States, 1996 and 2009
![graph](images/nov_2011_2_std.jpg)
Figure 2. Live births and fertility rates: United States, final 1920-2009 and preliminary 2010
![graph](images/nov_2011_3_std.jpg)
Figure 3. Birth rates for teenagers by race and Hispanic origin: U.S., 1991, 2005, 2007, and 2009
![graph](images/hpv.jpg)
![graph](images/indian_std.jpg)
Indian
Health Surveillance Report: Sexually Transmitted Diseases 2007
![graph](images/HIV13.gif)
![graph](images/hiv.gif)
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Page last modified: September 6, 2012
Page last reviewed: September 6, 2012