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Occupational Employment and Wages, May 2011
51-0000 Production Occupations (Major Group)
This major group comprises the following occupations:
First-Line Supervisors of Production and Operating Workers ;
Aircraft Structure, Surfaces, Rigging, and Systems Assemblers ;
Coil Winders, Tapers, and Finishers ;
Electrical and Electronic Equipment Assemblers ;
Electromechanical Equipment Assemblers ;
Engine and Other Machine Assemblers ;
Structural Metal Fabricators and Fitters ;
Fiberglass Laminators and Fabricators ;
Team Assemblers ;
Timing Device Assemblers and Adjusters ;
Assemblers and Fabricators, All Other ;
Bakers ;
Butchers and Meat Cutters ;
Meat, Poultry, and Fish Cutters and Trimmers ;
Slaughterers and Meat Packers ;
Food and Tobacco Roasting, Baking, and Drying Machine Operators and Tenders ;
Food Batchmakers ;
Food Cooking Machine Operators and Tenders ;
Computer-Controlled Machine Tool Operators, Metal and Plastic ;
Computer Numerically Controlled Machine Tool Programmers, Metal and Plastic ;
Extruding and Drawing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic ;
Forging Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic ;
Rolling Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic ;
Cutting, Punching, and Press Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic ;
Drilling and Boring Machine Tool Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic ;
Grinding, Lapping, Polishing, and Buffing Machine Tool Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic ;
Lathe and Turning Machine Tool Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic ;
Milling and Planing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic ;
Machinists ;
Metal-Refining Furnace Operators and Tenders ;
Pourers and Casters, Metal ;
Model Makers, Metal and Plastic ;
Patternmakers, Metal and Plastic ;
Foundry Mold and Coremakers ;
Molding, Coremaking, and Casting Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic ;
Multiple Machine Tool Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic ;
Tool and Die Makers ;
Welders, Cutters, Solderers, and Brazers ;
Welding, Soldering, and Brazing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders ;
Heat Treating Equipment Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic ;
Layout Workers, Metal and Plastic ;
Plating and Coating Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic ;
Tool Grinders, Filers, and Sharpeners ;
Metal Workers and Plastic Workers, All Other ;
Prepress Technicians and Workers ;
Printing Press Operators ;
Print Binding and Finishing Workers ;
Laundry and Dry-Cleaning Workers ;
Pressers, Textile, Garment, and Related Materials ;
Sewing Machine Operators ;
Shoe and Leather Workers and Repairers ;
Shoe Machine Operators and Tenders ;
Sewers, Hand ;
Tailors, Dressmakers, and Custom Sewers ;
Textile Bleaching and Dyeing Machine Operators and Tenders ;
Textile Cutting Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders ;
Textile Knitting and Weaving Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders ;
Textile Winding, Twisting, and Drawing Out Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders ;
Extruding and Forming Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Synthetic and Glass Fibers ;
Fabric and Apparel Patternmakers ;
Upholsterers ;
Textile, Apparel, and Furnishings Workers, All Other ;
Cabinetmakers and Bench Carpenters ;
Furniture Finishers ;
Model Makers, Wood ;
Patternmakers, Wood ;
Sawing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Wood ;
Woodworking Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Except Sawing ;
Woodworkers, All Other ;
Nuclear Power Reactor Operators ;
Power Distributors and Dispatchers ;
Power Plant Operators ;
Stationary Engineers and Boiler Operators ;
Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant and System Operators ;
Chemical Plant and System Operators ;
Gas Plant Operators ;
Petroleum Pump System Operators, Refinery Operators, and Gaugers ;
Plant and System Operators, All Other ;
Chemical Equipment Operators and Tenders ;
Separating, Filtering, Clarifying, Precipitating, and Still Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders ;
Crushing, Grinding, and Polishing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders ;
Grinding and Polishing Workers, Hand ;
Mixing and Blending Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders ;
Cutters and Trimmers, Hand ;
Cutting and Slicing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders ;
Extruding, Forming, Pressing, and Compacting Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders ;
Furnace, Kiln, Oven, Drier, and Kettle Operators and Tenders ;
Inspectors, Testers, Sorters, Samplers, and Weighers ;
Jewelers and Precious Stone and Metal Workers ;
Dental Laboratory Technicians ;
Medical Appliance Technicians ;
Ophthalmic Laboratory Technicians ;
Packaging and Filling Machine Operators and Tenders ;
Coating, Painting, and Spraying Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders ;
Painters, Transportation Equipment ;
Painting, Coating, and Decorating Workers ;
Semiconductor Processors ;
Photographic Process Workers and Processing Machine Operators ;
Adhesive Bonding Machine Operators and Tenders ;
Cleaning, Washing, and Metal Pickling Equipment Operators and Tenders ;
Cooling and Freezing Equipment Operators and Tenders ;
Etchers and Engravers ;
Molders, Shapers, and Casters, Except Metal and Plastic ;
Paper Goods Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders ;
Tire Builders ;
Helpers--Production Workers ;
Production Workers, All Other*
National estimates for this occupation
Industry profile for this occupation
Geographic profile for this occupation
National estimates for this occupation: Top
Employment estimate and mean wage estimates for this major group:
| Employment (1) |
Employment
RSE (3) |
Mean hourly
wage |
Mean annual
wage (2) |
Wage RSE (3) |
| 8,365,980 |
0.3 % |
$16.45 |
$34,220 |
0.2 % |
Percentile wage estimates for this major group:
| Percentile |
10% |
25% |
50%
(Median) |
75% |
90% |
| Hourly Wage |
$8.95 |
$10.99 |
$14.74 |
$20.07 |
$26.88 |
| Annual Wage (2) |
$18,620 |
$22,860 |
$30,670 |
$41,740 |
$55,910 |
Industry profile for this occupation: Top
Industries with the highest published employment and wages for this occupation are provided.
For a list of all industries with employment in this occupation, see the Create Customized Tables function.
Industries with the highest levels of employment in this occupation:
| Industry |
Employment (1) |
Percent of industry employment |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| Employment Services |
576,280 |
19.53 |
$11.97 |
$24,890 |
| Animal Slaughtering and Processing |
330,500 |
67.44 |
$12.34 |
$25,670 |
| Plastics Product Manufacturing |
291,110 |
57.17 |
$15.09 |
$31,400 |
| Motor Vehicle Parts Manufacturing |
274,650 |
62.66 |
$17.45 |
$36,290 |
| Printing and Related Support Activities |
252,130 |
52.64 |
$16.99 |
$35,340 |
Industries with the highest concentration of employment in this occupation:
| Industry |
Employment (1) |
Percent of industry employment |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| Footwear Manufacturing |
9,600 |
70.35 |
$12.76 |
$26,540 |
| Machine Shops; Turned Product; and Screw, Nut, and Bolt Manufacturing |
232,360 |
70.21 |
$18.43 |
$38,340 |
| Foundries |
81,500 |
68.76 |
$16.49 |
$34,300 |
| Animal Slaughtering and Processing |
330,500 |
67.44 |
$12.34 |
$25,670 |
| Other Leather and Allied Product Manufacturing |
7,670 |
66.96 |
$11.91 |
$24,770 |
Top paying industries for this occupation:
Geographic profile for this occupation: Top
States and areas with the highest published employment, location quotients, and wages for this occupation are provided.
For a list of all areas with employment in this occupation, see the Create Customized Tables function.
States with the highest employment level in this occupation:
| State |
Employment (1) |
Employment per thousand jobs |
Location quotient (9) |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| California |
779,880 |
55.55 |
0.85 |
$16.30 |
$33,910 |
| Texas |
632,260 |
61.36 |
0.94 |
$16.02 |
$33,320 |
| Ohio |
452,990 |
91.00 |
1.40 |
$16.57 |
$34,460 |
| Illinois |
426,470 |
76.51 |
1.17 |
$16.87 |
$35,090 |
| Pennsylvania |
400,540 |
72.18 |
1.11 |
$16.99 |
$35,350 |
States with the highest concentration of jobs and location quotients in this occupation:
| State |
Employment (1) |
Employment per thousand jobs |
Location quotient (9) |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| Indiana |
323,350 |
117.24 |
1.80 |
$16.31 |
$33,930 |
| Wisconsin |
293,190 |
110.84 |
1.70 |
$16.74 |
$34,810 |
| Iowa |
150,580 |
103.91 |
1.59 |
$15.65 |
$32,560 |
| Arkansas |
115,400 |
101.26 |
1.55 |
$14.32 |
$29,790 |
| Alabama |
183,160 |
101.23 |
1.55 |
$15.54 |
$32,310 |
Top paying States for this occupation:
| State |
Employment (1) |
Employment per thousand jobs |
Location quotient (9) |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| District of Columbia |
5,050 |
7.83 |
0.12 |
$23.92 |
$49,750 |
| Wyoming |
12,300 |
45.12 |
0.69 |
$22.37 |
$46,530 |
| Alaska |
13,310 |
42.51 |
0.65 |
$21.56 |
$44,840 |
| Washington |
152,420 |
56.02 |
0.86 |
$19.33 |
$40,210 |
| Louisiana |
108,660 |
59.06 |
0.91 |
$19.24 |
$40,020 |
Metropolitan areas with the highest employment level in this occupation:
| Metropolitan area |
Employment (1) |
Employment per thousand jobs |
Location quotient (9) |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale, CA Metropolitan Division |
253,130 |
66.22 |
1.02 |
$15.25 |
$31,730 |
| Chicago-Joliet-Naperville, IL Metropolitan Division |
248,590 |
69.38 |
1.06 |
$16.73 |
$34,800 |
| Houston-Sugar Land-Baytown, TX |
175,330 |
68.72 |
1.05 |
$18.19 |
$37,830 |
| New York-White Plains-Wayne, NY-NJ Metropolitan Division |
147,610 |
29.16 |
0.45 |
$16.90 |
$35,160 |
| Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI |
123,910 |
72.41 |
1.11 |
$17.47 |
$36,330 |
| Dallas-Plano-Irving, TX Metropolitan Division |
117,370 |
57.40 |
0.88 |
$14.90 |
$30,990 |
| Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Marietta, GA |
113,930 |
51.14 |
0.78 |
$15.24 |
$31,690 |
| Santa Ana-Anaheim-Irvine, CA Metropolitan Division |
97,660 |
70.44 |
1.08 |
$15.67 |
$32,590 |
| Warren-Troy-Farmington Hills, MI Metropolitan Division |
96,900 |
93.38 |
1.43 |
$18.63 |
$38,740 |
| Philadelphia, PA Metropolitan Division |
92,900 |
51.18 |
0.78 |
$18.62 |
$38,720 |
Metropolitan areas with the highest concentration of jobs and location quotients in this occupation:
| Metropolitan area |
Employment (1) |
Employment per thousand jobs |
Location quotient (9) |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| Elkhart-Goshen, IN |
32,490 |
313.82 |
4.81 |
$14.48 |
$30,110 |
| Dalton, GA |
15,750 |
248.10 |
3.80 |
$13.68 |
$28,450 |
| Hickory-Lenoir-Morganton, NC |
27,710 |
199.85 |
3.06 |
$14.74 |
$30,650 |
| Holland-Grand Haven, MI |
19,370 |
193.74 |
2.97 |
$15.70 |
$32,660 |
| Columbus, IN |
8,050 |
191.56 |
2.94 |
$15.30 |
$31,820 |
| Sheboygan, WI |
10,140 |
181.96 |
2.79 |
$17.02 |
$35,390 |
| Morristown, TN |
7,850 |
178.99 |
2.74 |
$13.54 |
$28,160 |
| Oshkosh-Neenah, WI |
15,870 |
178.22 |
2.73 |
$17.08 |
$35,530 |
| Kokomo, IN |
6,760 |
175.64 |
2.69 |
$20.54 |
$42,730 |
| Decatur, IL |
8,600 |
167.66 |
2.57 |
$20.02 |
$41,640 |
Top paying metropolitan areas for this occupation:
| Metropolitan area |
Employment (1) |
Employment per thousand jobs |
Location quotient (9) |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| Fairbanks, AK |
1,020 |
28.93 |
0.44 |
$27.39 |
$56,960 |
| Bremerton-Silverdale, WA |
3,290 |
41.65 |
0.64 |
$24.48 |
$50,920 |
| Beaumont-Port Arthur, TX |
14,240 |
91.92 |
1.41 |
$22.75 |
$47,310 |
| Farmington, NM |
2,960 |
60.99 |
0.94 |
$22.51 |
$46,820 |
| Baton Rouge, LA |
20,790 |
58.35 |
0.89 |
$22.10 |
$45,960 |
| Lawton, OK |
2,870 |
67.82 |
1.04 |
$21.97 |
$45,700 |
| Peabody, MA NECTA Division |
6,030 |
60.53 |
0.93 |
$21.85 |
$45,450 |
| Norwich-New London, CT-RI |
5,430 |
42.06 |
0.64 |
$21.33 |
$44,380 |
| Monroe, MI |
3,290 |
91.39 |
1.40 |
$21.26 |
$44,210 |
| Lake Charles, LA |
6,320 |
73.43 |
1.13 |
$21.24 |
$44,180 |
Nonmetropolitan areas with the highest employment in this occupation:
| Nonmetropolitan area |
Employment (1) |
Employment per thousand jobs |
Location quotient (9) |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| Northern Indiana nonmetropolitan area |
46,820 |
235.99 |
3.62 |
$15.47 |
$32,170 |
| Other Ohio nonmetropolitan area |
46,490 |
174.76 |
2.68 |
$15.17 |
$31,560 |
| Kansas nonmetropolitan area |
43,420 |
114.03 |
1.75 |
$14.47 |
$30,090 |
| West Northwestern Ohio nonmetropolitan area |
42,360 |
192.20 |
2.95 |
$15.85 |
$32,960 |
| Other North Carolina nonmetropolitan area |
40,480 |
138.63 |
2.13 |
$13.82 |
$28,740 |
Nonmetropolitan areas with the highest concentration of jobs and location quotients in this occupation:
| Nonmetropolitan area |
Employment (1) |
Employment per thousand jobs |
Location quotient (9) |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| Northern Indiana nonmetropolitan area |
46,820 |
235.99 |
3.62 |
$15.47 |
$32,170 |
| Northeast Alabama nonmetropolitan area |
30,350 |
224.31 |
3.44 |
$14.74 |
$30,650 |
| West Northwestern Ohio nonmetropolitan area |
42,360 |
192.20 |
2.95 |
$15.85 |
$32,960 |
| Eastern Wisconsin nonmetropolitan area |
28,520 |
182.40 |
2.80 |
$16.40 |
$34,120 |
| Northwest Alabama nonmetropolitan area |
11,020 |
177.45 |
2.72 |
$13.23 |
$27,510 |
Top paying nonmetropolitan areas for this occupation:
| Nonmetropolitan area |
Employment (1) |
Employment per thousand jobs |
Location quotient (9) |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| Southwestern Wyoming nonmetropolitan area |
3,190 |
52.02 |
0.80 |
$26.64 |
$55,400 |
| Southeastern Wyoming nonmetropolitan area |
1,560 |
43.17 |
0.66 |
$24.32 |
$50,590 |
| Northeastern Wyoming nonmetropolitan area |
2,000 |
41.09 |
0.63 |
$23.58 |
$49,060 |
| Other Nevada nonmetropolitan area |
2,200 |
40.70 |
0.62 |
$23.08 |
$48,010 |
| Railbelt / Southwest Alaska nonmetropolitan area |
7,450 |
103.72 |
1.59 |
$21.98 |
$45,720 |
About May 2011 National, State, Metropolitan, and Nonmetropolitan Area Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates
These estimates are calculated with data collected from employers in all industry sectors, all metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas, and all states and the District of Columbia.
The percentile wage estimate is the value of a wage below which a certain percent of workers fall.
The median wage is the 50th percentile wage estimate--50 percent of workers earn less than the median and 50 percent of workers earn more than the median.
More about percentile wages.
(1) Estimates for detailed occupations do not sum to the totals because the totals include occupations not shown separately. Estimates do not include self-employed workers.
(2) Annual wages have been calculated by multiplying the hourly mean wage by a "year-round, full-time" hours figure of 2,080 hours;
for those occupations where there is not an hourly mean wage published, the annual wage has been directly calculated from the reported survey data.
(3) The relative standard error (RSE) is a measure of the reliability of a survey statistic. The smaller the relative standard error, the more precise the estimate.
(9) The location quotient is the ratio of the area concentration of occupational employment to the national average concentration.
A location quotient greater than one indicates the occupation has a higher share of employment than average, and a location quotient less than one indicates the occupation is less prevalent in the area than average.
Other OES estimates and related information:
May 2011 National Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates
May 2011 State Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates
May 2011 Metropolitan and Nonmetropolitan Area Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates
May 2011 National Industry-Specific Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates
List of Occupations in SOC Code Number Order
List of Occupations in Alphabetical Order
Download May 2011 Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates in Zipped XLS files
Technical Notes
Last Modified Date: March 27, 2012
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