Restoring Wildlife Habitat on Desecheo Island
July 13, 2012
Contacts:
- Susan Silander, Project Leader, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, susan_silander@fws.gov, (787) 851-7258 x 306
- Amy Carter, Information Officer, Island Conservation (831) 359-4787 x 104
A beautiful view from atop a peak on Desecheo. Photo: Island Conservation. Download.
CABO ROJO, Puerto Rico - The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and Island Conservation have announced that efforts to restore Desecheo Island’s native species and their habitat by removing non-native, invasive black rats from Desecheo Island have been completed safely and successfully. The removal of invasive rats will allow the native forest to recover and will promote the recolonization of the island by several seabird species that historically nested there.
“I would like to thank all of the dedicated and hardworking professionals involved in each aspect of the Desecheo National Wildlife Refuge (NWR) restoration project” said Susan Silander, Project Leader of the Caribbean Islands National Wildlife Refuge Complex. “Logistically, this project was no easy task. However, with the expertise and dedication of each of these individuals the operations were carried out safely and efficiently. In collaboration with Island Conservation and Puerto Rican government agencies, we have begun saving our extraordinary species, and we are anxiously waiting to document and monitor the positive changes that we anticipate will occur on the Desecheo National Wildlife Refuge.”
Beginning March 13, 2012, the Service and Island Conservation successfully carried out the first aerial application of rodent bait in the Caribbean to remove destructive rats from the island and surrounding islets, while minimizing threats from the bait to other animals. Intensive monitoring took place prior to and after the bait application, from February to April to assess the effectiveness of the operations. Two years of additional monitoring will take place before the island can be officially declared free of destructive invasive rats.
According to Brad Keitt, Island Conservation’s Director of Conservation, “Desecheo is an absolute jewel of an island, but its birds have been missing for many years. That is about to change – using techniques that have been successful in removing rats from hundreds of islands around the world, we have begun the process of recovery. Desecheo Island’s future is now one of native species thriving and abundant seabirds.”
The Desecheo National Wildlife Refuge, part of the Caribbean Islands National Wildlife Refuge Complex, is a small, uninhabited island located approximately 13 miles west of Puerto Rico. The refuge was established in 1976 to protect seabird colonies. Historically, Desecheo Island was a major seabird rookery and it may have had the largest brown booby colony in the world, with estimates of up to 15,000 breeding birds in the early 1900s. Surveys in 2009 revealed no breeding seabirds and, in 2010, only a small number of birds were recorded nesting on the coastline and offshore islets. The loss of nesting seabirds on the island has been linked to the presence of introduced predators, including invasive black rats.
In addition to seabirds, Desecheo provides habitat for six endemic species (three lizards, three arachnids) and the Federally Threatened Higo chumbo cactus.
The island also supports subtropical dry forest, an important habitat type that is endangered on the mainland of Puerto Rico and in other subtropical areas.
Black rats were first reported and collected from Desecheo in 1912, at which time they were already abundant. Black rats are native to the Indian subcontinent, but are now widespread as an invasive species around the world. The removal of introduced species from wildlife refuges is critical to the restoration of wildlife habitat and the protection of threatened species.
- Island Conservation, a nonprofit organization dedicated to preventing extinctions by removing invasives species from islands, is a partner with the Service in the plan to restore Desecheo Island by removing non-native rats. Please visit Island Conservation’s website.
- The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service is the principal Federal agency responsible for conserving, protecting and enhancing fish, wildlife, and plants and their habitats for the continuing benefit of the American people. Please visit the Service’s Caribbean websites.
- Funding for this project has been provided by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and Island Conservation through many private donors, including the David and Lucile Packard Foundation, and U.S. Federal funds allocated through grants for wildlife conservation.
- View slideshow with photos of the project
- Read a fact sheet about the project (PDF)
The mission of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service is working with others to conserve, protect, and enhance fish, wildlife, plants, and their habitats for the continuing benefit of the American people. We are both a leader and trusted partner in fish and wildlife conservation, known for our scientific excellence, stewardship of lands and natural resources, dedicated professionals, and commitment to public service. For more information on our work and the people who make it happen, visit www.fws.gov. Connect with our Facebook page at www.facebook.com/usfwssoutheast, follow our tweets at www.twitter.com/usfwssoutheast, watch our YouTube Channel at http://www.youtube.com/usfws and download photos from our Flickr page at http://www.flickr.com/photos/usfwssoutheast.
