Residential Energy Consumption Survey (RECS)

Overview
Data

Analysis & Projections

1997 RECS Survey Data 2009 | 2005 | 2001 | 1997 | 1993 | Previous

Housing Characteristics
Consumption & Expenditures
Microdata
Methodology

Housing Characteristics Tables

Table Titles (Released: February 2004)	Entire Section	Percents
Tables: HC1 Housing Unit Characteristics, Million U.S. Households	PDF	PDF
NOTE: As of 10/31/01, numbers in the "Housing Units" TABLES section for stub item: "Number of Floors in Apartment Buildings" were REVISED. These numbers will differ from the numbers in the published report.
Tables: HC2 Household Characteristics, Million U.S. Households	PDF	PDF
Tables: HC3 Space Heating, Million U.S. Households	PDF	PDF
Tables: HC4 Air-Conditioning, Million U.S. Households	PDF	PDF
Tables: HC5 Appliances, Million U.S. Households	PDF	PDF
Tables: HC6 Usage Indicators, Million U.S. Households	PDF	PDF
Tables: HC7 Home Office Equipment, Million U.S. Households	PDF	PDF

Household Energy Usage

The 1997 Residential Energy Consumption Survey (RECS) collected household energy data for the four most populated States: California, Florida, New York, and Texas. Data for all the other States are aggregated and available at the Census Division (groups of 3 to 8 States) level.

For an overview of the energy-related characteristics and usage in each of the four most populated States, click on the State (in the left column).

For detailed data, choose from the tables listed below. Each table presents the pertinent information for each of the four States. All these data are from the 1997 RECS and are the most recent end-user household data.

Characteristics: Characteristics information about the housing unit and household are collected during on-site interviews at over 5,000 households across the United States.

Characteristics and Percent Tables for the Four Most Populated States (CA, FL, NY, and TX)	Characteristics (Million U.S. Households)	Percentages (Percent of U.S. Households)
Tables: HC1 - Housing Unit Characteristics (Includes: housing type and ownership, year of construction, number of rooms, number of floors, heated floorspace, fuels used.)	PDF	PDF
Tables: HC2 - Household Characteristics (Includes: household income, age, race, household size, number of vehicles household owns.)	PDF	PDF
Tables: HC3 - Space Heating (Includes: space heating fuel, equipment used, equipment age, amount of heated floorspace, etc.)	PDF	PDF
Tables: HC4 - Air Conditioning (Includes: households using air- conditioning equipment, age of air-conditioning equipment, type of air-conditioning equipment.)	PDF	PDF
Tables: HC5 - Appliances (Includes: ovens, stoves, refrigerators, freezers, microwave, dishwashers, clothes washers and dryers, ceiling fans, TV's, heaters, heat pumps, water heaters.)	PDF	PDF
Tables: HC6 - Usage Indicators (Includes: indoor temperature settings, usage of appliances, usage of personal computers, household activities affecting energy usage.)	PDF	PDF
Tables: HC7 - Home Office Equipment (Includes: personal computers, modems, laser printers, FAX machines, copiers, office equipment indicators (personal, business, telecommuting.)	PDF	PDF

Specific questions on this product may be directed to:

Chip Berry
James.Berry@eia.gov
RECS Survey Manager
Phone: (202) 586-5543
Fax: (202) 586-0018

Consumption & Expenditures Tables

Table Titles	Consumption	Expenditures
Tables: CE1 Total Energy Consumption in U.S. Households	PDF	PDF
Tables: CE2 Space Heating in U.S. Households	PDF	PDF
NOTE: As of 5/5/00, the "heated square footage" and "intensities" numbers were revised and will differ from the numbers in the published report.
Tables: CE3 Air Conditioning in U.S. Households	PDF	PDF
Tables: CE4 Water Heating in U.S. Households	PDF	PDF
Tables: CE5 Appliances, in U.S. Households	PDF	PDF

Fuel Tables	Consumption
Table 1. Natural Gas Consumption and Expenditures in U.S. Households by End Uses and Census Region	PDF
Table 2. Fuel Oil Consumption and Expenditures in U.S. Households by End Uses and Census Region	PDF
Table 3. Electricity Consumption and Expenditures in U.S. Households by End Uses and Census Region	PDF
Table 4. LPG Consumption and Expenditures in U.S. Households by End Uses and Census Region	PDF
Table 5. Kerosene Consumption and Expenditures in U.S. Households by End Uses and Census Region	PDF

Household Energy Usage

For an overview of the energy-related characteristics and usage in each of the four most populated States, click on the State (in the left column).

Energy End Usage: The suppliers of electricity, natural gas, fuel oil, and propane to the 5,000 households are then asked to provide the amount and cost of fuels delivered to the household. Through a statistical regression procedure, the total usage and costs of energy are allocated among four energy end uses: space heating, air conditioning, water heating, and appliances.

Energy End-Use Tables for the Four Most Populated States (CA, FL, NY, and TX)	Characteristics (Million U.S. Households)	Percentages (Percent of U.S. Households)
Table CE1 - Total Energy Consumption in U.S. Households (Includes: number of households and fuels used, all households and per household consumption in both Btu and physical units.)	PDF	PDF
Table CE2 - Space-Heating Energy Consumption in U.S. Households (Includes: number of households and fuels used, all households and average per household Btu consumption, and heated square footage by fuel.)	PDF	PDF
Table CE3 - Electric Air-Conditioning (AC) Energy Consumption in U.S. Households (Includes: number of households using AC, all households and average per household AC consumption (in Btu and KWh), cooled square footage and cooling degree-days.)	PDF	PDF
Table CE4 - Water-Heating Energy Consumption in U.S. Households (Includes: number of households with water heating, fuels used, all households and average per household water-heating consumption.)	PDF	PDF
Table CE5 - Appliances Energy Consumption in U.S. Households (Includes: number of households with appliances; all households and average per household appliances consumption in Btu and physical units, and appliances fuel used.)	PDF	PDF

Median Values and Percentiles for Household Energy Data

The 1997 RECS detailed tables contain estimates of mean annual energy consumption for households. The amount of energy consumed by households varies widely–a useful way to describe the variation is with tables and graphs of percentiles of consumption. For each of the household characteristics categories below are tables and graphs of percentiles of consumption (5th, 10th, 25th, median, 75th, 90th, and 95th percentiles), and tables and graphs of mean values of consumption, standard errors, and 95% confidence ranges.

Electricity Consumption per Household

All Households
Census Division
Year Constructed
Type of Housing Unit
Household Income

Natural Gas Consumption per Household

All Households
Census Division
Year Constructed
Type of Housing Unit
Household Income

All Households

Table 1. Annual Electricity Consumption Percentiles, 1997 (kilowatthours per household)
	5th percentile	10th percentile	25th percentile	median	75th percentile	90th percentile	95th percentile
All Households	2,287	3,167	5,056	8,370	13,485	19,866	24,436
Graph of data Notes: The data in this table are for households that used electricity. The percentiles describe the distribution of household electricity consumption data; for example, 25% of households consumed less than 5,056 kWh and 75% consumed more than that amount.

Table 2. Mean Annual Electricity Consumption, 1997 (kilowatthours per household)
	Electricity Consumption per Household (kWh)	Relative Standard Error (percent)	Standard Error (kWh)	95% confidence level lower bound (kWh)	95% confidence level upper bound (kWh)
All Households	10,219	1.4	430	9,939	10,499
Notes: The data in this table are for households that used electricity. The standard error is a measure of sampling error and can be used to calculate a confidence range. For example, the estimate for electricity consumption is 10,219 kWh and the standard error is 430 kWh. The 95% confidence interval is calculated by multiplying 1.96 times the standard error, and the 95% confidence range is 9,939 kWh to 10,499 kWh.

Census Division

Table 1. Annual Electricity Consumption Percentiles by Census Division, 1997 (kilowatthours per household)
	5th percentile	10th percentile	25th percentile	median	75th percentile	90th percentile	95th percentile
All Households	2,287	3,167	5,056	8,370	13,485	19,866	24,436
Census Division
New England	1,911	2,470	3,580	5,739	8,723	12,473	16,609
Middle Atlantic	1,682	2,287	3,573	5,608	9,653	14,344	19,137
East North Central	2,311	3,252	4,705	7,378	10,749	15,390	18,789
West North Central	2,765	3,413	5,425	8,385	12,700	18,116	25,168
South Atlantic	3,745	5,227	7,800	11,861	17,440	22,418	25,509
East South Central	3,978	5,706	8,941	13,286	19,545	26,914	30,900
West South Central	3,704	5,065	7,939	12,220	17,477	25,927	29,632
Mountain	2,756	3,336	5,301	7,976	12,161	17,944	21,154
Pacific	1,778	2,345	3,831	6,333	10,440	16,839	20,821
Graph of data Notes: The data in this table are for households that used electricity. The percentiles describe the distribution of household electricity consumption data; for example, 25% of households in New England consumed less than 3,580 kWh and 75% consumed more than that amount.

Table 2. Mean Annual Electricity Consumption by Census Division, 1997 (kilowatthours per household)
	Electricity Consumption per Household (kWh)	Relative Standard Error (percent)	Standard Error (kWh)	95% confidence level lower bound (kWh)	95% confidence level upper bound (kWh)
All Households	10,219	1.4	430	9,939	10,499
Census Division
New England	7,062	5.5	388	6,301	7,824
Middle Atlantic	7,313	4.4	322	6,682	7,944
East North Central	8,631	5.0	432	7,785	9,476
West North Central	10,181	6.6	672	8,864	11,498
South Atlantic	13,077	2.9	379	12,334	13,820
East South Central	14,890	6.4	953	13,023	16,758
West South Central	13,826	4.5	622	12,606	15,045
Mountain	9,424	4.5	424	8,593	10,256
Pacific	8,203	2.9	238	7,737	8,669
Graph of data Notes: The data in this table are for households that used electricity. The standard error is a measure of sampling error and can be used to calculate a confidence range. For example, the estimate for electricity consumption for New England is 7,062 kWh and the standard error is 388 kWh. The 95% confidence interval is calculated by multiplying 1.96 times the standard error, and the 95% confidence range is 6,301kWh to 7,824 kWh.

Years Constructed

Table 1. Annual Electricity Consumption Percentiles by Year Constructed, 1997 (kilowatthours per household)
	5th percentile	10th percentile	25th percentile	median	75th percentile	90th percentile	95th percentile
All Households	2,287	3,167	5,056	8,370	13,485	19,866	24,436
Year Constructed
Before 1940	1,778	2,369	3,867	6,363	10,256	14,369	18,355
1940 to 1949	1,778	2,212	3,574	5,940	9,660	14,945	19,452
1950 to 1959	2,345	3,070	4,651	7,556	11,234	17,193	22,229
1960 to 1969	2,374	3,172	4,912	7,969	12,032	18,267	21,976
1970 to 1979	2,311	3,336	5,925	10,039	15,976	23,422	27,933
1980 to 1989	3,723	4,738	7,156	10,950	16,555	22,312	26,137
1990 to 1997	3,518	4,283	7,281	10,815	16,860	21,812	24,893
Graph of data Notes: The data in this table are for households that used electricity. The percentiles describe the distribution of household electricity consumption data; for example, 25% of households in units constructed before 1940 consumed less than 3,867 kWh and 75% consumed more than that amount.

Table 2. Mean Annual Electricity Consumption by Year Constructed, 1997 (kilowatthours per household)
	Electricity Consumption per Household (kWh)	Relative Standard Error (percent)	Standard Error (kWh)	95% confidence level lower bound (kWh)	95% confidence level upper bound (kWh)
All Households	10,219	1.4	430	9,939	10,499
Year Constructed
Before 1940	7,781	2.6	202	7,384	8,177
1940 to 1949	7,641	4.8	367	6,922	8,359
1950 to 1959	9,033	3.0	271	8,502	9,564
1960 to 1969	9,459	3.1	293	8,884	10,034
1970 to 1979	11,976	2.9	347	11,295	12,657
1980 to 1989	12,449	2.6	324	11,814	13,083
1990 to 1997	12,512	4.4	551	11,433	13,591
Graph of data Notes: The data in this table are for households that used electricity. The standard error is a measure of sampling error and can be used to calculate a confidence range. For example, the estimate for electricity consumption in units constructed before 1940 is 7,781 kilowatthours (kWh) and the standard error is 202 kWh. The 95% confidence interval is calculated by multiplying 1.96 times the standard error, and the 95% confidence range is 7,384 kWh to 8,177 kWh.

Type of Housing Unit

Table 1. Annual Electricity Consumption Percentiles by Type of Housing Unit, 1997 (kilowatthours per household)
	5th percentile	10th percentile	25th percentile	median	75th percentile	90th percentile	95th percentile
All Households	2,287	3,167	5,056	8,370	13,485	19,866	24,436
Type of Housing Unit
Mobile Home	3,236	3,994	6,059	10,227	16,228	21,815	24,836
Single-Family, Detached	3,408	4,310	6,414	9,942	15,120	21,812	26,900
Single-Family, Attached	2,149	2,841	3,993	6,542	10,501	16,726	19,533
Multifamily, 2 to 4 Units	1,487	1,839	3,071	4,988	8,615	12,938	16,602
Multifamily, 5 or More Units	1,579	1,903	2,864	4,713	7,777	12,069	14,733
Graph of data Notes: The data in this table are for households that used electricity. The percentiles describe the distribution of household electricity consumption data; for example, 25% of households living in mobile homes consumed less than 6,059 kWh and 75% consumed more than that amount.

Table 2. Mean Annual Electricity Consumption by Type of Housing Unit, 1997 (kilowatthours per household)
	Electricity Consumption per Household (kWh)	Relative Standard Error (percent)	Standard Error (kWh)	95% confidence level lower bound (kWh)	95% confidence level upper bound (kWh)
All Households	10,219	1.4	430	9,939	10,499
Type of Housing Unit
Mobile Home	11,739	4.0	470	10,818	12,659
Single-Family, Detached	11,778	1.6	188	11,409	12,147
Single-Family, Attached	8,071	3.9	315	7,454	8,688
Multifamily, 2 to 4 Units	6,505	5.3	345	5,829	7,181
Multifamily, 5 or More Units	5,990	4.2	252	5,497	6,483
Graph of data Notes: The data in this table are for households that used electricity. The standard error is a measure of sampling error and can be used to calculate a confidence range. For example, the estimate for electricity consumption for mobile homes is 11,739 kWh and the standard error is 470 kWh. The 95% confidence interval is calculated by multiplying 1.96 times the standard error, and the 95% confidence range is 10,818 kWh to 12,659 kWh.

Household Income

Table 1. Annual Electricity Consumption Percentiles by Household Income, 1997 (kilowatthours per household)
	5th percentile	10th percentile	25th percentile	median	75th percentile	90th percentile	95th percentile
All Households	2,287	3,167	5,056	8,370	13,485	19,866	24,436
Household Income
Less than 10,000 Dollars	1,577	2,033	3,297	5,704	9,432	14,994	19,537
10,000 to 14,999 Dollars	1,778	2,250	3,798	6,313	10,249	15,780	20,878
15,000 to 19,999 Dollars	2,125	2,965	4,452	7,688	12,313	17,148	20,451
20,000 to 24,999 Dollars	2,324	3,311	4,823	8,065	12,706	18,881	23,032
25,000 to 34,999 Dollars	2,774	3,358	5,210	7,922	12,534	17,845	21,853
35,000 to 49,999 Dollars	2,916	3,843	5,569	9,166	13,770	19,943	24,532
50,000 to 74,999 Dollars	3,126	4,360	6,852	10,589	16,335	22,406	26,571
More than 75,000 Dollars	4,047	5,000	7,777	11,814	18,044	26,207	30,556
Graph of data Notes: The data in this table are for households that used electricity. The percentiles describe the distribution of household electricity consumption data; for example, 25% of households with incomes less than 10,000 dollars consumed less than 3,297 kilowatthours (kWh) and 75% consumed more than that amount.

Table 2. Mean Annual Electricity Consumption by Household Income, 1997 (kilowatthours per household)
	Electricity Consumption per Household (kWh)	Relative Standard Error (percent)	Standard Error (kWh)	95% confidence level lower bound (kWh)	95% confidence level upper bound (kWh)
All Households	10,219	1.4	430	9,939	10,499
Household Income
Less than 10,000 Dollars	7,372	4.8	354	6,678	8,065
10,000 to 14,999 Dollars	7,975	3.8	303	7,381	8,568
15,000 to 19,999 Dollars	9,031	3.4	307	8,429	9,633
20,000 to 24,999 Dollars	9,963	4.6	458	9,065	10,862
25,000 to 34,999 Dollars	9,652	2.3	222	9,217	10,087
35,000 to 49,999 Dollars	10,697	2.5	267	10,173	11,221
50,000 to 74,999 Dollars	12,265	2.8	343	11,592	12,938
More than 75,000 Dollars	13,988	2.8	392	13,220	14,755
Graph of data Notes: The data in this table are for households that used electricity. The standard error is a measure of sampling error and can be used to calculate a confidence range. For example, the estimate for electricity consumption for households with incomes less than 10,000 dollars is 7,372 kilowatthours (kWh) and the standard error is 354 kWh. The 95% confidence interval is calculated by multiplying 1.96 times the standard error, and the 95% confidence range is 6,678 kWh to 8,065 kWh.

Table 1. Annual Natural Gas Consumption Percentiles, 1997 (thousand cubic feet per household)
	5th percentile	10th percentile	25th percentile	median	75th percentile	90th percentile	95th percentile
All Households	12	22	43	74	113	154	188
Graph of data Notes: The data in this table are for households that used natural gas. The percentiles describe the distribution of household natural gas consumption data; for example, 25% of households consumed less than 43 thousand cubic feet and 75% consumed more than that amount.

Table 2. Mean Annual Natural Gas Consumption, 1997 (thousand cubic feet per household)
	Natural Gas Consumption per Household (1,000 cf)	Relative Standard Error (percent)	Standard Error (1,000 cf)	95% confidence level lower bound (1,000 cf)	95% confidence level upper bound (1,000 cf)
All Households	83	1.8	1	80	86
Notes: The data in this table are for households that used natural gas. The standard error is a measure of sampling error and can be used to calculate a confidence range. For example, the estimate for natural gas consumption for households is 83 thousand cubic feet (cf) and the standard error is 1 thousand cf. The 95% confidence interval is calculated by multiplying 1.96 times the standard error, and the 95% confidence range is 80 thousand cf to 86 thousand cf.

Census Division

Table 1. Annual Natural Gas Consumption Percentiles by Census Division, 1997 (thousand cubic feet per household)
	5th percentile	10th percentile	25th percentile	median	75th percentile	90th percentile	95th percentile
All Households	12	22	43	74	113	154	188
Census Division
New England	4	8	41	83	123	151	166
Middle Atlantic	3	5	40	80	119	161	190
East North Central	38	58	79	114	149	194	218
West North Central	32	51	72	97	128	165	213
South Atlantic	13	19	33	57	87	109	146
East South Central	13	22	39	56	86	123	152
West South Central	20	27	43	61	88	114	135
Mountain	17	22	43	70	103	133	160
Pacific	14	20	28	47	66	89	113
Graph of data Notes: The data in this table are for households that used natural gas. The percentiles describe the distribution of household natural gas consumption data; for example, 25% of households in New England consumed less than 41 thousand cubic feet and 75% consumed more than that amount.

Table 2. Mean Annual Natural Gas Consumption by Census Division, 1997 (thousand cubic feet per household)
	Natural Gas Consumption per Household (1,000 cf)	Relative Standard Error (percent)	Standard Error (1,000 cf)	95% confidence level lower bound (1,000 cf)	95% confidence level upper bound (1,000 cf)
All Households	83	1.8	1	80	86
Census Division
New England	85	5.3	4	76	94
Middle Atlantic	85	4.2	4	78	92
East North Central	119	1.4	2	116	123
West North Central	104	6.7	7	91	118
South Atlantic	65	8.9	6	53	76
East South Central	67	8.7	6	56	79
West South Central	68	8.6	6	57	80
Mountain	77	6.6	5	67	87
Pacific	53	4.5	2	48	57
Graph of data Notes: The data in this table are for households that used natural gas. The standard error is a measure of sampling error and can be used to calculate a confidence range. For example, the estimate for natural gas consumption for households in New England is 85 thousand cubic feet (cf) and the standard error is 4 thousand cf. The 95% confidence interval is calculated by multiplying 1.96 times the standard error, and the 95% confidence range is 76 thousand cf to 94 thousand cf.

Year Constructed

Table 1. Annual Natural Gas Consumption Percentiles by Year Constructed, 1997 (thousand cubic feet per household)
	5th percentile	10th percentile	25th percentile	median	75th percentile	90th percentile	95th percentile
All Households	12	22	43	74	113	154	188
Year Constructed
Before 1940	5	18	51	97	141	193	217
1940 to 1949	12	23	43	72	112	154	176
1950 to 1959	15	26	49	76	111	142	161
1960 to 1969	14	20	37	66	97	140	174
1970 to 1979	12	20	38	69	103	139	164
1980 to 1989	16	24	46	67	96	120	136
1990 to 1997	18	27	41	68	104	145	199
Graph of data Notes: The data in this table are for households that used natural gas. The percentiles describe the distribution of household natural gas consumption data; for example, 25% of households in units constructed before 1940 consumed less than 51 thousand cubic feet and 75% consumed more than that amount.

Table 2. Mean Annual Natural Gas Consumption by Year Constructed, 1997 (thousand cubic feet per household)
	Natural Gas Consumption per Household (1,000 cf)	Relative Standard Error (percent)	Standard Error (1,000 cf)	95% confidence level lower bound (1,000 cf)	95% confidence level upper bound (1,000 cf)
All Households	83	1.8	1	80	86
Year Constructed
Before 1940	103	3.2	3	97	109
1940 to 1949	81	6.6	5	71	92
1950 to 1959	81	3.3	3	76	87
1960 to 1969	74	3.6	3	69	79
1970 to 1979	76	4.0	3	71	82
1980 to 1989	72	4.0	3	67	78
1990 to 1997	80	8.0	6	67	93
Graph of data Notes: The data in this table are for households that used natural gas. The standard error is a measure of sampling error and can be used to calculate a confidence range. For example, the estimate for natural gas consumption in units constructed before 1940 is 103 thousand cubic feet (cf) and the standard error is 3 thousand cf. The 95% confidence interval is calculated by multiplying 1.96 times the standard error, and the 95% confidence range is 97 thousand cf to 109 thousand cf.

Type of Housing Unit

Table 1. Annual Natural Gas Consumption Percentiles by Type of Housing Unit, 1997 (thousand cubic feet per household)
	5th percentile	10th percentile	25th percentile	median	75th percentile	90th percentile	95th percentile
All Households	12	22	43	74	113	154	188
Type of Housing Unit
Mobile Home	17	21	38	63	91	123	141
Single-Family, Detached	24	34	56	86	121	162	194
Single-Family, Attached	18	22	41	72	114	153	193
Multifamily, 2 to 4 Units	11	21	41	73	113	160	201
Multifamily, 5 or More Units	4	5	14	30	52	72	79
Graph of data Notes: The data in this table are for households that used natural gas. The percentiles describe the distribution of household electricity consumption data; for example, 25% of households living in mobile homes consumed less than 38 thousand cubic feet and 75% consumed more than that amount.

Table 2. Mean Annual Natural Gas Consumption by Type of Housing Unit, 1997 (thousand cubic feet per household)
	Natural Gas Consumption per Household (1,000 cf)	Relative Standard Error (percent)	Standard Error (1,000 cf)	95% confidence level lower bound (1,000 cf)	95% confidence level upper bound (1,000 cf)
All Households	83	1.8	1	80	86
Type of Housing Unit
Mobile Home	68	8.3	6	57	79
Single-Family, Detached	94	1.9	2	91	97
Single-Family, Attached	83	4.4	4	76	90
Multifamily, 2 to 4 Units	86	6.8	6	74	97
Multifamily, 5 or More Units	36	4.4	2	33	39
Graph of data Notes: The data in this table are for households that used natural gas. The standard error is a measure of sampling error and can be used to calculate a confidence range. For example, the estimate for natural gas consumption for mobile homes is 68 thousand cubic feet (cf) and the standard error is 6 thousand cf. The 95% confidence interval is calculated by multiplying 1.96 times the standard error, and the 95% confidence range is 57 thousand cf to 79 thousand cf.

Household Income

Table 1. Annual Natural Gas Consumption Percentiles by Household Income, 1997 (thousand cubic feet per household)
	5th percentile	10th percentile	25th percentile	median	75th percentile	90th percentile	95th percentile
All Households	12	22	43	74	113	154	188
Household Income
Less than 10,000 Dollars	4	7	27	54	87	136	162
10,000 to 14,999 Dollars	7	20	35	64	92	136	161
15,000 to 19,999 Dollars	15	22	36	66	98	145	167
20,000 to 24,999 Dollars	12	21	42	72	110	140	175
25,000 to 34,999 Dollars	12	22	46	75	109	146	175
35,000 to 49,999 Dollars	15	25	47	76	114	161	191
50,000 to 74,999 Dollars	22	37	59	88	123	163	188
More than 75,000 Dollars	18	27	52	92	129	193	226
Graph of data Notes: The data in this table are for households that used natural gas. The percentiles describe the distribution of household natural gas consumption data; for example, 25% of households with incomes less than 10,000 dollars consumed less than 27 thousand cubic feet (cf) and 75% consumed more than that amount.

Table 2. Mean Annual Natural Gas Consumption by Household Income, 1997 (thousand cubic feet per household)
	Natural Gas Consumption per Household (1,000 cf)	Relative Standard Error (percent)	Standard Errors (1,000 cf)	95% confidence level lower bound (1,000 cf)	95% confidence level upper bound (1,000 cf)
All Households	83	1.8	1	80	86
Household Income
Less than 10,000 Dollars	65	5.2	3	58	71
10,000 to 14,999 Dollars	71	5.0	4	64	78
15,000 to 19,999 Dollars	74	3.4	3	69	79
20,000 to 24,999 Dollars	80	4.1	3	74	87
25,000 to 34,999 Dollars	82	3.8	3	76	88
35,000 to 49,999 Dollars	87	3.4	3	81	93
50,000 to 74,999 Dollars	96	2.9	3	90	101
More than 75,000 Dollars	100	4.5	4	91	109
Graph of data Notes: The data in this table are for households that used natural gas. The standard error is a measure of sampling error and can be used to calculate a confidence range. For example, the estimate for electricity consumption for households with incomes less than 10,000 dollars is 65 thousand cubic feet (cf) and the standard error is 3 thousand cf. The 95% confidence interval is calculated by multiplying 1.96 times the standard error, and the 95% confidence range is 58 thousand cf to 71 thousand cf.

Specific questions on this product may be directed to:

Chip Berry
James.Berry@eia.gov
RECS Survey Manager
Phone: (202) 586-5543
Fax: (202) 586-0018

Choose which format you would prefer to download:

ASCII Format
MDB Format

1997 PUBLIC USE DATA FILES (ASCII FORMAT)

WHAT IS RECS?

The Residential Energy Consumption Survey (RECS) is a national sample survey of housing units. The survey collects statistical information on the consumption of and expenditures for energy in housing units along with data on energy-related characteristics of the housing units and occupants. The survey is restricted to housing units that are the primary residence of the occupants; the RECS does not cover vacant housing units, second homes, or vacation units. RECS is conducted by the Energy Information Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy. The RECS was conducted in 1978, 1979, 1980, 1981, 1982, 1984, 1987, 1990, 1993, and 1997. For the 1997 RECS, data were obtained for 5,900 housing units. Energy-related characteristics of the housing units and occupants are obtained in an on-site personal interview with the occupants. Energy consumption and expenditures information are obtained from the energy suppliers to the responding households during the Energy Suppliers Survey that follows the household personal interview.

WHAT ARE THE RECS PUBLIC USE FILES?

The 1997 RECS Public Use Files are microdata files that contain 5,900 records, representing housing units from the 50 States and the District of Columbia. Each record corresponds to a single responding, in-scope sampled housing unit and contains information for that unit about the size, year constructed, types of energy used, energy-using equipment, conservation features, energy consumption and expenditures (electricity, natural gas, fuel oil, kerosene, and LPG), and the amount of energy used for five end uses: space heating, air-conditioning, water heating, refrigeration, and other.

WHAT IS THE GEOGRAPHIC LEVEL OF DATA AVAILABLE?

RECS data are available for the four Census regions and nine Census divisions. State-level data are available for the four most populated States (California, Texas New York, and Florida).

WHAT IS THE FORMAT OF THE PUBLIC USE FILES?

The Public Use Files are constructed in two formats—ASCII and Microsoft ACCESS97. Both formats contain the same detail of information, with the notable exception that the ACCESS97 database has replaced all alphanumeric coding with English labeling. In ASCII files all records are comma-delimited with fixed column positions. The creation of comma-delimited ASCII files enables use of EIA's public-use files by a wide spectrum of data users. However, EIA realizes that some users are well versed in the use and manipulation of common database systems. Unfortunately, EIA does not have the resources to provide public-use files in multiple database formats. However, EIA has created an ACCESS97 version of the 1997 RECS because of the internal use of the Microsoft ACCESS97 software. The continuation of multiple format releases is highly dependent upon the use and feedback from our data users. Let us know if you find the ACCESS97 file helpful.

HOW ARE THE PUBLIC USE FILES ORGANIZED?

Because of the size of the RECS database, the variables were grouped into 12 files by section of Household Questionnaire:

Section A: Housing Unit Characteristics
Section B: Kitchen Appliances
Section C: Other Appliances
Section D: Space heating
Section E: Water heating,
Section F: Air conditioning,
Section G: lights, doors, windows, and insulation
Section H: Fuels Used and Fuels Payment Method
Section I: Fuel Bill and Non-Residential Uses on Bill
Section J: Household Characteristics
Section K: Energy Assistance,
Section L: EPA Energy Star Program
Characteristic of Energy Supplier Data
Energy Consumption
Energy Expenditures

VARIABLES ON EVERY FILE

Several variables are frequently used in the analysis of residential energy data. These include the type of housing unit, the geographic location of the unit, and weather data for the location of the unit. The nine variables on all 12 files are:

DOEID (unique housing unit identifier)
NWEIGHT (household weight)
MQRESULT (mail questionnaire identifier)
TYPEHUQ (type of housing unit)
REGIONC (Census region)
DIVISION (Census division)
LRGSTATE (indicator for California, Texas, New York, and Florida)
HDD65 (heating degree-days to 65 degrees for 1997)
CDD65 (cooling degree-days to 65 degrees for 1997)

HOW TO MERGE FILES

Each of these 12 files can be used by itself or be merged with other files. By merging files together, a new file can be created that contains, for each respondent, variables from two or more files. The variable DOEID can be used to link the files.

HOW TO USE WEIGHTS

The RECS sample was designed so that survey responses could be used to estimate characteristics of the national stock of occupied housing units. In order to arrive at national estimates from the RECS sample, base sampling weights for each housing unit, which were the reciprocal of the probability of that building being selected into the sample, were calculated. Therefore, a housing unit with a base weight of 10,000 represents itself and 9,999 similar, but unsampled housing units in the total stock of occupied residential housing units. The base weight is further adjusted to account for nonresponse bias. Finally, ratio adjustments were used to ensure that the RECS weights add up to Current Population Survey estimates of the number of households. The variable NWEIGHT in the data file is the final weight.

EXAMPLE 1: SINGLE RESPONSE: The respondent with DOEID = 5198 has NWEIGHT = 8,064. Hence this respondent represents a total of 8,064 households. The respondent used 820 gallons (GALLONFO = 820) of fuel oil. Hence, the respondent contributed 820 times 8,064 = 6,600,000 gallons to the estimated national total fuel oil consumption.
EXAMPLE 2: USING NWEIGHT TO ESTIMATE NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS: There were 710, out of the 5,900 RECS respondents, that used fuel oil in their homes (USEFO = 1). Most, but not all, of these households use fuel oil for space heating. The sum of NWEIGHT over these 710 cases is 9,957,479. Hence, the estimated number of households that use fuel oil is 10,000,000.
EXAMPLE 3: USING NWEIGHT TO ESTIMATE PERCENTAGE OF HOUSEHOLDS: The sum of NWEIGHT over all 5,900 cases is 101,481,171. This is also an estimate of the total number of households as of July 1997. Hence, the estimated percent of households that use fuel oil (for any use in the home) is (9,957,479/101,481,171) times 100 equals 9.8 percent.
EXAMPLE 4: USING NWEIGHT TO ESTIMATE TOTAL CONSUMPTION: To estimate the total fuel oil consumption, multiply NWEIGHT times GALLONFO for the 710 cases where fuel oil is used in the home (USEFO = 1), then sum the product over the cases where USEFO = 1. The resulting estimate is 7,273,294,433 gallons. This should be rounded to 7.3 billion gallons or 7,273 million gallons.
EXAMPLE 5: USING NWEIGHT TO ESTIMATE AVERAGE CONSUMPTION: The sum of NWEIGHT over cases where USEFO =1 is 9,957,479. Hence the estimated average fuel oil consumption, in homes that use fuel oil, is 7,273,294,433/9,957,479 = 730 gallons.

MAIL RESPONSES

If the field interviewers were not successful in obtaining a personal interview, a short mail questionnaire was mailed to the housing unit. Variables not on the mail questionnaire were then imputed for the housing unit using a hot deck procedure. There were 181 observations obtained via a mail questionnaire. These 181 records can be identified using the variable MQRESULT.

FUEL USAGE INDICATORS

The variables USEEL, USEFO, USEKERO, USELP, and USENG are indicator variables for the use electricity, fuel oil, kerosene, LPG, and natural gas in the housing unit. They are on three files. They were obtained using section H of the questionnaire and they are indicator variables that equal 1 if the households uses the corresponding fuel and 0 otherwise. In addition to being placed on the file with other section H data, they were also placed on the consumption data file and the expenditures data file.

HOW ARE THE VARIABLES THAT BEGIN WITH A Z DIFFERENT FROM THE NON-Z VARIABLES?

The "Z variables" are also referred to as "imputation flags." Imputation is a statistical procedure used to fill in missing values for respondents that are otherwise considered to be complete. Missing values for many, but not all, of the variables were imputed in 1997. The imputation flag indicates whether the corresponding non-Z variable was based upon reported data (Z variable = 0) or was imputed (Z variable = 1). There are no corresponding "Z variables" for variables from the RECS questionnaire that were not imputed, variables where there was no missing data, and variables that are not from the questionnaire. The missing data codes for the consumption and expenditure data are contained in the "Characteristics of Energy Supplier Data" file.

HOW IS THE SURVEY RESPONDENT'S CONFIDENTIALITY PROTECTED?

There are no respondent names and address on these files. EIA does not receive nor take possession of the names or addresses of individual respondents or any other individually identifiable energy data that could be specifically linked with a housing unit. Local geographic identifiers and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Weather Division identifiers are not included on these data files.

In addition, values for HDD65, CDD65, ELECRATE, and UGASRATE were altered slightly to mask the exact geographic location of the housing unit.

LlNKS TO EACH DATA FILE AND SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION

For each data file, a codebook is provided (both files are in ASCII format). For files based upon the Household Questionnaire, the corresponding section of the questionnaire is provided (PDF format). To view and/or print PDF files (requires Adobe Acrobat Reader) Download Adobe Acrobat Reader .

Note: To DOWNLOAD one of the Text or PDF files below, click on the file of your choice to open it, then select FILE and SAVE AS, save file to your hard drive or a disk.

Microdata Files
by Topic	Data Files	Codebooks	Questionnaire	Release Date
File 1: Housing Unit Characteristics	TXT	TXT	Section A	11/22/2009
File 2: Kitchen Appliances	TXT	TXT	Section B	11/22/2009
File 3: Other Appliances	TXT	TXT	Section C	11/22/2009
File 4: Space Heating	TXT	TXT	Section D	11/22/2009
File 5: Water Heating, A/C, and Miscellaneous	TXT	TXT	Sections E, F and G	11/22/2009
File 6: Fuels Used and Fuel Payment	TXT	TXT	Section H	11/22/2009
File 7: Fuel Bills and Non-Residential Uses	TXT	TXT	Section I	11/22/2009
File 8: Household Characteristics	TXT	TXT	Section J	12/20/2009
File 9: Energy Assistance and Housing Unit Square Footage	TXT	TXT	Section K and L	12/20/2009
File 10: Characteristics of Energy Supplier Data	TXT	TXT		12/20/2009
File 11: Energy Consumption	TXT	TXT		12/20/2009
File 12: Energy Expenditures	TXT	TXT		1/10/2000

1997 PUBLIC USE DATA FILES IN ACCESS MDB FORMAT

WHAT IS RECS?

WHAT ARE THE RECS PUBLIC USE FILES?

WHAT IS THE GEOGRAPHIC LEVEL OF DATA AVAILABLE?

RECS data are available for the four Census regions and nine Census divisions. State-level data are available for the four most populated States (California, Texas New York, and Florida).

WHAT IS THE FORMAT OF THE PUBLIC USE FILES?

The Public Use Files are constructed in two formats—ASCII and Microsoft ACCESS97. Both formats contain the same detail of information, with the notable exception that the ACCESS97 database has replaced all alphanumeric coding with English labeling. In ASCII files all records are comma-delimited with fixed column positions. The creation of comma-delimited ASCII files enables use of EIA's public-use files by a wide spectrum of data users. However, EIA realizes that some users are well versed in the use and manipulation of common database systems. Unfortunately, EIA does not have the resources to provide public-use files in multiple database formats. However, EIA has created an ACCESS97 version of the 1997 RECS because of the internal use of the Microsoft ACCESS97 software. The continuation of multiple format releases is highly dependent upon the use and feedback from our data users. Let us know if you find the ACCESS97 file helpful.

HOW ARE THE PUBLIC USE ACCESS97 TABLES ORGANIZED?

Because of the size of the RECS database, the fieldnames (581 unique names) were grouped into 26 tables by logical relationships within the RECS questionnaire:

Air Conditioning Characteristics –
Auxiliary Fuels Used –
Bottled Gas Usage Characteristics –
Electricity Usage Characteristics –
Energy Assistance
Energy Labels
Final Sample Weights
Fuel Billing Dates
Fuel Oil Usage Characteristics –
Household Characteristics
Housing Structure
Imputation Flags
Interviewer Observations
Kerosene Usage Characteristics –
Kitchen Appliances
Lights Windows and Insulation
Location and Weather
Natural Gas Usage Characteristics –
Other Appliances
Other Usage Characteristics
Solar Usage Characteristics –
Space Heating
Survey Management
Water Heating
Wood Usage Characteristics –
Pub Use Xwalk

Because we have renamed and reorganized the public use files into two formats, the historical user of RECS data may require further documentation on how the two formats link. The table named Pub Use Xwalk in the ACCESS97 file provides such linking; however, a detailed listing has been made available. Note: A "–" sign following a table name (i.e., a suffix) denotes a table with a record number of less than 5,900 housing units. A subset of the records are presented because the eliminated records are not applicable for the table. For example, only households that use the fuel kerosene are include in theKerosene Usage Characteristics table. Such modifications minimize the size of the ACCESS97 file while maintaining the analytical content of the RECS data. Field values that are blank are considered not applicable for that field name. Iin the case where a second refrigerator is not applicable to the household, for example, blank values have been place into the corresponding second refrigerator field name values.

Listing of RECS Public-Use Field Names

Air Conditioning Characteristics –
	ACCESS Table Name	ACCESS Field Name	Field Name Caption	ASCII Variable Name	ASCII Questionnaire Codebook
1	Air Conditioning Characteristics –	HasDucts	Home has ducts (ACDUCTS)	ACDUCTS	file5cbk.txt
2	Air Conditioning Characteristics –	PortionCooled	Portion of house cooled (ACHOUSE)	ACHOUSE	file5cbk.txt
3	Air Conditioning Characteristics –	ACCoolsOth	A/C equp cools other units (ACOTHERS)	ACOTHERS	file5cbk.txt
4	Air Conditioning Characteristics –	RmsCooled	Rooms cooled last summer (ACROOMS)	ACROOMS	file5cbk.txt
5	Air Conditioning Characteristics –	AgeCentrACEqp	Age of central A/C equip (AGECENAC)	AGECENAC	file5cbk.txt
6	Air Conditioning Characteristics –	HasACEquip	Have air-conditioning equip (AIRCOND)	AIRCOND	file5cbk.txt
7	Air Conditioning Characteristics –	HasWinACHeatPmp	Window/wall units are heat pump (ANYWWHP)	ANYWWHP	file5cbk.txt
8	Air Conditioning Characteristics –	UsageACTherm	How thermostat used for ac (AUTOCOOL)	AUTOCOOL	file5cbk.txt
9	Air Conditioning Characteristics –	CACHeatPmp	Central air heat pump (CENACHP)	CENACHP	file5cbk.txt
10	Air Conditioning Characteristics –	TypeAC	Type of ac equip (COOLTYPE)	COOLTYPE	file5cbk.txt
11	Air Conditioning Characteristics –	EIAIDNum	DOE 4-digit identification number (DOEID)	DOEID	All Files
12	Air Conditioning Characteristics –	NumWinAC	Number of w/w a/c units (NUMBERAC)	NUMBERAC	file5cbk.txt
13	Air Conditioning Characteristics –	UsageCAC	How central air used (USECENAC)	USECENAC	file5cbk.txt
14	Air Conditioning Characteristics –	UsageWinAC	How window/wall a/c used (USEWWAC)	USEWWAC	file5cbk.txt
15	Air Conditioning Characteristics –	AgeofMostUsedAC	Age of most used a/c unit (WWACAGE)	WWACAGE	file5cbk.txt
16	Air Conditioning Characteristics –	NumWinACHeatPmp	Num of ww/ac heat pumps (WWHTPUMP)	WWHTPUMP	file5cbk.txt
Auxiliary Fuels Used –
	ACCESS Table Name	ACCESS Field Name	Field Name Caption	ASCII Variable Name	ASCII Questionnaire Codebook
17	Auxiliary Fuels Used –	OthEqpFuel	Fuel used by other equip (DIFFUEL)	DIFFUEL	file4cbk.txt
18	Auxiliary Fuels Used –	EIAIDNum	DOE 4-digit identification number (DOEID)	DOEID	All Files
19	Auxiliary Fuels Used –	AuxFireplaceFuel	Aux fireplace fuel (FPFUEL)	FPFUEL	file4cbk.txt
20	Auxiliary Fuels Used –	AuxFurnFuel	Aux warm air furnace fuel (FURNFUEL)	FURNFUEL	file4cbk.txt
21	Auxiliary Fuels Used –	AuxHTStoveFuel	Aux heating stove fuel (HSFUEL)	HSFUEL	file4cbk.txt
22	Auxiliary Fuels Used –	AuxPipeFurnFuel	Aux pipeless furnace fuel (PIPEFUEL)	PIPEFUEL	file4cbk.txt
23	Auxiliary Fuels Used –	AuxSteamSysFuel	Aux steam system fuel (RADFUEL)	RADFUEL	file4cbk.txt
24	Auxiliary Fuels Used –	AuxRmHeatFuel	Aux room heater fuel (RMHTFUEL)	RMHTFUEL	file4cbk.txt
25	Auxiliary Fuels Used –	AuxCKStoveFuel	Aux cooking stove fuel (RNGFUEL)	RNGFUEL	file4cbk.txt
Bottled Gas Usage Characteristics –
	ACCESS Table Name	ACCESS Field Name	Field Name Caption	ASCII Variable Name	ASCII Questionnaire Codebook
26	Bottled Gas Usage Characteristics –	PctLPGBillOth	Pct lpg bill for oth purp (BILLLPGP)	BILLLPGP	file7cbk.txt
27	Bottled Gas Usage Characteristics –	UseLPGforOth	Lpg used for other purposes (BLPUSE)	BLPUSE	file7cbk.txt
28	Bottled Gas Usage Characteristics –	AnnLPGUsekBtu	Lpg annual use in thousands of btu (BTULP)	BTULP	file11cbk.txt
29	Bottled Gas Usage Characteristics –	EstLPGApplkBtu	Lpg appl use est in thousands of btu (BTULPAPL)	BTULPAPL	file11cbk.txt
30	Bottled Gas Usage Characteristics –	EstLPGSHkBtu	Lpg space heat use est in ks of btu (BTULPSPH)	BTULPSPH	file11cbk.txt
31	Bottled Gas Usage Characteristics –	EstLPGWHkBtu	Lpg water heat use est in ks of btu (BTULPWTH)	BTULPWTH	file11cbk.txt
32	Bottled Gas Usage Characteristics –	EIAIDNum	DOE 4-digit identification number (DOEID)	DOEID	All Files
33	Bottled Gas Usage Characteristics –	LPGCost$	Estimated cost of lpg in dollars (DOLLARLP)	DOLLARLP	file12cbk.txt
34	Bottled Gas Usage Characteristics –	EstLPGAppl$	Lpg appl use est in dollars (DOLLPAPL)	DOLLPAPL	file12cbk.txt
35	Bottled Gas Usage Characteristics –	EstLPGSH$	Lpg space heat use est in dollars (DOLLPSPH)	DOLLPSPH	file12cbk.txt
36	Bottled Gas Usage Characteristics –	EstLPGWH$	Lpg water heat use est in dollars (DOLLPWTH)	DOLLPWTH	file12cbk.txt
37	Bottled Gas Usage Characteristics –	EstLPGPur(Gal)	Est gallons of lpg bought (GALLONLP)	GALLONLP	file11cbk.txt
38	Bottled Gas Usage Characteristics –	HowLPGPaid	How lpg is paid (HOWPAYLP)	HOWPAYLP	file6cbk.txt
39	Bottled Gas Usage Characteristics –	LPGDatafromHH	Lpg data from supplier or household (KAVALPG)	KAVALPG	file10cbk.txt
40	Bottled Gas Usage Characteristics –	UseLPGCookIn	Uses lpg to cook inside (LPCOOK)	LPCOOK	file6cbk.txt
41	Bottled Gas Usage Characteristics –	HasLPGDelivered	Lpg delivered to your home (LPGDELV)	LPGDELV	file6cbk.txt
42	Bottled Gas Usage Characteristics –	UseLPGforanyOth	Uses lpg for any other purpose (LPOTHER)	LPOTHER	file6cbk.txt
43	Bottled Gas Usage Characteristics –	UseLPGforHeat	Uses lpg to heat home (LPWARM)	LPWARM	file6cbk.txt
44	Bottled Gas Usage Characteristics –	UseLPGforH2O	Uses lpg to heat water (LPWATER)	LPWATER	file6cbk.txt
45	Bottled Gas Usage Characteristics –	NumCompDeliverLPG	Num companies deliver lpg (NDIFLPCO)	NDIFLPCO	file6cbk.txt
46	Bottled Gas Usage Characteristics –	NumYearlyLPDeliver	Num lpg deliveries past yr (NLPDELNC)	NLPDELNC	file6cbk.txt
47	Bottled Gas Usage Characteristics –	SourceofLPG$	Source of estimated cost of lpg (ORIGLPC)	ORIGLPC	file10cbk.txt
48	Bottled Gas Usage Characteristics –	SourceofLPGEst	Source of estimated quantity of lpg (ORIGLPQ)	ORIGLPQ	file10cbk.txt
49	Bottled Gas Usage Characteristics –	LPGDataCode	Summary code for source of lpg data (ORIGLPS)	ORIGLPS	file10cbk.txt
50	Bottled Gas Usage Characteristics –	WhoPaysLPG	Who pays for bottled gas (PAYLPG)	PAYLPG	file6cbk.txt
51	Bottled Gas Usage Characteristics –	LPGDataTimePeriod	Period of time lpg data available (PERIODLP)	PERIODLP	file10cbk.txt
52	Bottled Gas Usage Characteristics –	HasLPGBeenScaledDown	Lp use scaled down for nonhsld uses (SCALELP)	SCALELP	file10cbk.txt
53	Bottled Gas Usage Characteristics –	LPGTypeSup1	Lpg type from supplier 1 (TYPELP1)	TYPELP1	file10cbk.txt
54	Bottled Gas Usage Characteristics –	LPGTypeSup2	Lpg type from supplier 2 (TYPELP2)	TYPELP2	file10cbk.txt
55	Bottled Gas Usage Characteristics –	UseLPGinHome	Household uses lpg (USELP)	USELP	file6cbk.txt
Electricity Usage Characteristics –
	ACCESS Table Name	ACCESS Field Name	Field Name Caption	ASCII Variable Name	ASCII Questionnaire Codebook
56	Electricity Usage Characteristics –	UseELforOth	Elec used for other purposes (BILLEL)	BILLEL	file7cbk.txt
57	Electricity Usage Characteristics –	PctELBillOth	Pct elec bill for oth purp (BILLELP)	BILLELP	file7cbk.txt
58	Electricity Usage Characteristics –	AnnELUsekBtu	El annual use in thousands of btu (BTUEL)	BTUEL	file11cbk.txt
59	Electricity Usage Characteristics –	EstELApplkBtu	El appliance use est in ks of btu (BTUELAPL)	BTUELAPL	file11cbk.txt
60	Electricity Usage Characteristics –	EstELDryerkBtu	El dryer use est in thousands of btu (BTUELCDR)	BTUELCDR	file11cbk.txt
61	Electricity Usage Characteristics –	EstELCookingkBtu	El cooking use est in thous of btu (BTUELCOK)	BTUELCOK	file11cbk.txt
62	Electricity Usage Characteristics –	EstELAckBtu	El air cond use est in thous of btu (BTUELCOL)	BTUELCOL	file11cbk.txt
63	Electricity Usage Characteristics –	EstELDWkBtu	El dishwasher use est in thous of btu (BTUELDWH)	BTUELDWH	file11cbk.txt
64	Electricity Usage Characteristics –	EstELFreezerkBtu	El freezer use est in thous of btu (BTUELFZZ)	BTUELFZZ	file11cbk.txt
65	Electricity Usage Characteristics –	EstELRefrigkBtu	El refrig use est in thousands of btu (BTUELRFG)	BTUELRFG	file11cbk.txt
66	Electricity Usage Characteristics –	EstELSHkBtu	El space heat use est in thous of btu (BTUELSPH)	BTUELSPH	file11cbk.txt
67	Electricity Usage Characteristics –	EstELWHkBtu	El water heat use est in thous of btu (BTUELWTH)	BTUELWTH	file11cbk.txt
68	Electricity Usage Characteristics –	MaySelectSupplier	Able to select fuel supplier (DEREG)	DEREG	file6cbk.txt
69	Electricity Usage Characteristics –	EIAIDNum	DOE 4-digit identification number (DOEID)	DOEID	All Files
70	Electricity Usage Characteristics –	EstELAppl$	El appliance use est in dollars (DOLELAPL)	DOLELAPL	file12cbk.txt
71	Electricity Usage Characteristics –	EstELDryer$	El clothes dryer use est in dollars (DOLELCDR)	DOLELCDR	file12cbk.txt
72	Electricity Usage Characteristics –	EstELCooking$	El cooking use est in dollars (DOLELCOK)	DOLELCOK	file12cbk.txt
73	Electricity Usage Characteristics –	EstELAC$	El air cond use est in dollars (DOLELCOL)	DOLELCOL	file12cbk.txt
74	Electricity Usage Characteristics –	EstELDW$	El dishwasher use est in dollars (DOLELDWH)	DOLELDWH	file12cbk.txt
75	Electricity Usage Characteristics –	EstFreezerEnergy$	El freezer use est in dollars (DOLELFZZ)	DOLELFZZ	file12cbk.txt
76	Electricity Usage Characteristics –	EstRefrigEnergy$	El refrig use est in dollars (DOLELRFG)	DOLELRFG	file12cbk.txt
77	Electricity Usage Characteristics –	EstELSH$	El space heating use est in dollars (DOLELSPH)	DOLELSPH	file12cbk.txt
78	Electricity Usage Characteristics –	EstELWH$	El water heating use est in dollars (DOLELWTH)	DOLELWTH	file12cbk.txt
79	Electricity Usage Characteristics –	ELCost$	Estimated cost of el in dollars (DOLLAREL)	DOLLAREL	file12cbk.txt
80	Electricity Usage Characteristics –	UseELforAC	Uses electric for a/c (ELCOOL)	ELCOOL	file6cbk.txt
81	Electricity Usage Characteristics –	ELRate(local)	Local electric rate for 1000kwh (ELECRATE)	ELECRATE	file10cbk.txt
82	Electricity Usage Characteristics –	UseELforCook	Uses electric for cooking (ELFOOD)	ELFOOD	file6cbk.txt
83	Electricity Usage Characteristics –	UseELforanyOth	Uses electric for any other (ELOTHER)	ELOTHER	file6cbk.txt
84	Electricity Usage Characteristics –	UseELforHeat	Uses electric for heating home (ELWARM)	ELWARM	file6cbk.txt
85	Electricity Usage Characteristics –	UseELforH2O	Uses electric for hot water (ELWATER)	ELWATER	file6cbk.txt
86	Electricity Usage Characteristics –	HowELtricityPaid	How electricy is paid (HOWPAYEL)	HOWPAYEL	file6cbk.txt
87	Electricity Usage Characteristics –	ELDatafromHH	El data from supplier or household (KAVALEL)	KAVALEL	file10cbk.txt
88	Electricity Usage Characteristics –	CertaintyofEnergyAns	Certainty of energy answers (KNWLDGE)	KNWLDGE	file6cbk.txt
89	Electricity Usage Characteristics –	EstELPur(kWh)	Estimated kilowatt hours of el used (KWH)	KWH	file11cbk.txt
90	Electricity Usage Characteristics –	SourceofEL$	Source of estimated cost of el (ORIGELC)	ORIGELC	file10cbk.txt
91	Electricity Usage Characteristics –	SourceofELEst	Source of estimated quantity of el (ORIGELQ)	ORIGELQ	file10cbk.txt
92	Electricity Usage Characteristics –	ELDataCode	Summary code for source of el data (ORIGELS)	ORIGELS	file10cbk.txt
93	Electricity Usage Characteristics –	WhoPaysELAC	Who pays elec for a/c (PELAC)	PELAC	file6cbk.txt
94	Electricity Usage Characteristics –	WhoPaysELCook	Who pays elec for cooking (PELCOOK)	PELCOOK	file6cbk.txt
95	Electricity Usage Characteristics –	WhoPaysELHT	Who pays elec for home heat (PELHEAT)	PELHEAT	file6cbk.txt
96	Electricity Usage Characteristics –	WhoPaysELH2O	Who pays elec for hot wtr (PELHOTWA)	PELHOTWA	file6cbk.txt
97	Electricity Usage Characteristics –	WhoPaysELAppl	Who pays elec for lts/appl (PELLIGHT)	PELLIGHT	file6cbk.txt
98	Electricity Usage Characteristics –	ELDataTimePeriod	Period of time el data available (PERIODEL)	PERIODEL	file10cbk.txt
99	Electricity Usage Characteristics –	HasELBeenScaledDown	El use scaled down for nonhsld uses (SCALEEL)	SCALEEL	file10cbk.txt
100	Electricity Usage Characteristics –	UseELinHome	Household uses electricity (USEEL)	USEEL	file6cbk.txt
101	Electricity Usage Characteristics –	FuelShoppable	Fuel hhldr can shop for (WCHFUEL)	WCHFUEL	file6cbk.txt
Energy Assistance
	ACCESS Table Name	ACCESS Field Name	Field Name Caption	ASCII Variable Name	ASCII Questionnaire Codebook
102	Energy Assistance	AmtofNoHeat	Amount of time w/o heat (AMTNOHT)	AMTNOHT	file9cbk.txt
103	Energy Assistance	GovtPdHeatAidCash	Got heat aid cash from govt (CASHAID)	CASHAID	file9cbk.txt
104	Energy Assistance	HasAnyWelfare	Afdc/ssi/welfare last 12 months (CASHBEN)	CASHBEN	file9cbk.txt
105	Energy Assistance	HasCoolGovtAsst	Govt helped pay home cool (COOLAID)	COOLAID	file9cbk.txt
106	Energy Assistance	EIAIDNum	DOE 4-digit identification number (DOEID)	DOEID	All Files
107	Energy Assistance	GovtAsstPaidDirect	Govt paid heat co directly (FUELPAID)	FUELPAID	file9cbk.txt
108	Energy Assistance	TotalGovtAsstHeat	Total heat costs pd by govt (GOVTAMT)	GOVTAMT	file9cbk.txt
109	Energy Assistance	HasHeatGovtAsst	Govt helped pay home heat (HEATAID)	HEATAID	file9cbk.txt
110	Energy Assistance	UnitsofNoHeat	Unit of time w/o heat (HRSDYS)	HRSDYS	file9cbk.txt
111	Energy Assistance	HasOthGovtAsst	Govt helped pay oth costs (LIFELINE)	LIFELINE	file9cbk.txt
112	Energy Assistance	EligforLIHEAP	Eligibility for low income heat help (LIHEAP)	LIHEAP	file8cbk.txt
113	Energy Assistance	HasFoodStamps	Food stmps/housing last 12 months (NCASHBEN)	NCASHBEN	file9cbk.txt
114	Energy Assistance	DurofNoHeat	Time without main heat (NNOHEAT)	NNOHEAT	file9cbk.txt
115	Energy Assistance	NoHeatAprtoSep	No heat apr 96 - sept 96 (NOHSUM)	NOHSUM	file9cbk.txt
116	Energy Assistance	NoHeatOcttoMar	No heat oct 95 - mar 96 (NOHWIN)	NOHWIN	file9cbk.txt
117	Energy Assistance	HasNOLIHEAP	No liheap in last 12 months (NOLIHEAP)	NOLIHEAP	file9cbk.txt
118	Energy Assistance	ELCutoff	Electricity discontinued (NOPAY)	NOPAY	file9cbk.txt
119	Energy Assistance	NoHeat	No heat-unable to pay util (NOPYEL)	NOPYEL	file9cbk.txt
120	Energy Assistance	NoHeatduetoRepair	No heat-unable to pay repr (NOPYFIX)	NOPYFIX	file9cbk.txt
121	Energy Assistance	NoHeatduetoBill	No heat-unable to pay fuel (NOPYFL)	NOPYFL	file9cbk.txt
122	Energy Assistance	OthGovtAsstwHeat	Govt help w/ heat $ oth way (OTHERPMT)	OTHERPMT	file9cbk.txt
123	Energy Assistance	AbleHeatOthWay	Able to heat home oth way (OTHERWAY)	OTHERWAY	file9cbk.txt
124	Energy Assistance	HasRetirePast12mths	Retire inc in past 12 months (RETIREPY)	RETIREPY	file9cbk.txt
125	Energy Assistance	WagesPast12mths	Wages/self emp in last 12 months (WORKPAY)	WORKPAY	file9cbk.txt
Energy Labels
	ACCESS Table Name	ACCESS Field Name	Field Name Caption	ASCII Variable Name	ASCII Questionnaire Codebook
126	Energy Labels	EIAIDNum	DOE 4-digit identification number (DOEID)	DOEID	All Files
127	Energy Labels	HasStaronCAC	Star label on central ac (EPACAIR)	EPACAIR	file9cbk.txt
128	Energy Labels	HasStaronCopier	Star label on copier (EPACOPY)	EPACOPY	file9cbk.txt
129	Energy Labels	HasStaronDW	Star label on dishwasher (EPADISH)	EPADISH	file9cbk.txt
130	Energy Labels	HasStaronFax	Star label on fax (EPAFAX)	EPAFAX	file9cbk.txt
131	Energy Labels	HasStaronFrig	Star label on refigerator (EPAFRIG)	EPAFRIG	file9cbk.txt
132	Energy Labels	HasStaronFurn	Star label on furnace (EPAFURN)	EPAFURN	file9cbk.txt
133	Energy Labels	HasStaronNewHome	Star label on new home (EPAHOME)	EPAHOME	file9cbk.txt
134	Energy Labels	HasStaronHTPmp	Star label on heat pump (EPAHP)	EPAHP	file9cbk.txt
135	Energy Labels	HasStaronOth	Star label on other (EPAOTHER)	EPAOTHER	file9cbk.txt
136	Energy Labels	HasStaronPC	Star label on computer (EPAPC)	EPAPC	file9cbk.txt
137	Energy Labels	HasStaronPrint	Star label on printer (EPAPRINT)	EPAPRINT	file9cbk.txt
138	Energy Labels	HasStaronWinAC	Star label on room ac (EPARAC)	EPARAC	file9cbk.txt
139	Energy Labels	HasStaronTherm	Star label on thermostat (EPATHERM)	EPATHERM	file9cbk.txt
140	Energy Labels	EnergyLabelImpactBuy	Yellow lbl influenced decision (FTCCHNG)	FTCCHNG	file9cbk.txt
141	Energy Labels	ReadELabel	Read yellow label (READLBL)	READLBL	file9cbk.txt
142	Energy Labels	AwareEnergyLabel	Familiar with yellow label (SEENLBL)	SEENLBL	file9cbk.txt
143	Energy Labels	AwareEnergyStar	Familiar with energy star label (SEENSTAR)	SEENSTAR	file9cbk.txt
144	Energy Labels	HasStarImpactBuy	Star label influenced decision (STARINFL)	STARINFL	file9cbk.txt
Final Sample Weights
	ACCESS Table Name	ACCESS Field Name	Field Name Caption	ASCII Variable Name	ASCII Questionnaire Codebook
145	Final Sample Weights	EIAIDNum	DOE 4-digit identification number (DOEID)	DOEID	All Files
146	Final Sample Weights	FinalWeight	The final sample weight (NWEIGHT)	NWEIGHT	All Files
Fuel Billing Dates
	ACCESS Table Name	ACCESS Field Name	Field Name Caption	ASCII Variable Name	ASCII Questionnaire Codebook
147	Fuel Billing Dates	TypeBegEL	Type el reading on beginning date (BEGINELR)	BEGINELR	file10cbk.txt
148	Fuel Billing Dates	TypeBegUgas	Type ug reading on beginning date (BEGINNGR)	BEGINNGR	file10cbk.txt
149	Fuel Billing Dates	EIAIDNum	DOE 4-digit identification number (DOEID)	DOEID	All Files
150	Fuel Billing Dates	TypeEndEL	Type el reading on ending date (ENDELR)	ENDELR	file10cbk.txt
151	Fuel Billing Dates	TypeEndUgas	Type ug reading on ending date (ENDNGR)	ENDNGR	file10cbk.txt
Fuel Oil Usage Characteristics –
	ACCESS Table Name	ACCESS Field Name	Field Name Caption	ASCII Variable Name	ASCII Questionnaire Codebook
152	Fuel Oil Usage Characteristics –	UseFOforOth	Fo used for other purposes (BILLFOIL)	BILLFOIL	file7cbk.txt
153	Fuel Oil Usage Characteristics –	PctFOBillOth	Pct fo bill for oth purp (BILLFOLP)	BILLFOLP	file7cbk.txt
154	Fuel Oil Usage Characteristics –	AnnFOUsekBtu	Fo annual use in thousands of btu (BTUFO)	BTUFO	file11cbk.txt
155	Fuel Oil Usage Characteristics –	EstFOApplkBtu	Fuel oil appl use est in thous of btu (BTUFOAPL)	BTUFOAPL	file11cbk.txt
156	Fuel Oil Usage Characteristics –	EstFOSHkBtu	Fo space heat use est thou of btu (BTUFOSPH)	BTUFOSPH	file11cbk.txt
157	Fuel Oil Usage Characteristics –	EstFOWHkBtu	Fo water heat use est in thou of btu (BTUFOWTH)	BTUFOWTH	file11cbk.txt
158	Fuel Oil Usage Characteristics –	EIAIDNum	DOE 4-digit identification number (DOEID)	DOEID	All Files
159	Fuel Oil Usage Characteristics –	EstFOAppl$	Fuel oil appl use est in dollars (DOLFOAPL)	DOLFOAPL	file12cbk.txt
160	Fuel Oil Usage Characteristics –	EstFOSH$	FO space heat use est in dollars (DOLFOSPH)	DOLFOSPH	file12cbk.txt
161	Fuel Oil Usage Characteristics –	EstFOWH$	FO water heat use est in dollars (DOLFOWTH)	DOLFOWTH	file12cbk.txt
162	Fuel Oil Usage Characteristics –	FOCost$	Estimated cost of fo in dollars (DOLLARFO)	DOLLARFO	file12cbk.txt
163	Fuel Oil Usage Characteristics –	HasFODelivered	Fuel oil delivered (FODEL)	FODEL	file6cbk.txt
164	Fuel Oil Usage Characteristics –	UseFOforHeat	Uses fo to heat home (FOWARM)	FOWARM	file6cbk.txt
165	Fuel Oil Usage Characteristics –	UseFOforH2O	Uses fo to heat water (FOWATER)	FOWATER	file6cbk.txt
166	Fuel Oil Usage Characteristics –	EstFOPur(Gal)	Est gallons of fuel oil bought (GALLONFO)	GALLONFO	file11cbk.txt
167	Fuel Oil Usage Characteristics –	HowFuelOilPaid	How fuel oil is paid (HOWPAYFO)	HOWPAYFO	file6cbk.txt
168	Fuel Oil Usage Characteristics –	FODatafromHH	Fo data from supplier or household (KAVALFO)	KAVALFO	file10cbk.txt
169	Fuel Oil Usage Characteristics –	NumCompDeliverFO	Num of diff fo companies (NDIFFOCO)	NDIFFOCO	file6cbk.txt
170	Fuel Oil Usage Characteristics –	NumYearlyFODeliver	Num fo deliveries past yr (NFODELNC)	NFODELNC	file6cbk.txt
171	Fuel Oil Usage Characteristics –	SourceofFO$	Source of estimated cost of fo (ORIGFOC)	ORIGFOC	file10cbk.txt
172	Fuel Oil Usage Characteristics –	SourceofFOEst	Source of estimated quantity of fo (ORIGFOQ)	ORIGFOQ	file10cbk.txt
173	Fuel Oil Usage Characteristics –	FODataCode	Summary code for source of fo data (ORIGFOS)	ORIGFOS	file10cbk.txt
174	Fuel Oil Usage Characteristics –	WhoPaysFO	Who pays for fuel oil (PAYFO)	PAYFO	file6cbk.txt
175	Fuel Oil Usage Characteristics –	FODataTimePeriod	Period of time fo data available (PERIODFO)	PERIODFO	file10cbk.txt
176	Fuel Oil Usage Characteristics –	UseFOPastYear	Fuel oil used past year (QUANTFO)	QUANTFO	file6cbk.txt
177	Fuel Oil Usage Characteristics –	HasFOBeenScaledDown	Fo use scaled down for nonhsld uses (SCALEFO)	SCALEFO	file10cbk.txt
178	Fuel Oil Usage Characteristics –	FOTypeSup1	Fuel oil type from supplier 1 (TYPEFO1)	TYPEFO1	file10cbk.txt
179	Fuel Oil Usage Characteristics –	FOTypeSup2	Fuel oil type from supplier 2 (TYPEFO2)	TYPEFO2	file10cbk.txt
180	Fuel Oil Usage Characteristics –	UseFOinHome	Household uses fuel oil (USEFO)	USEFO	file6cbk.txt
Household Characteristics
	ACCESS Table Name	ACCESS Field Name	Field Name Caption	ASCII Variable Name	ASCII Questionnaire Codebook
181	Household Characteristics	Is24hrsOccup	Someone home all day (ATHOME)	ATHOME	file8cbk.txt
182	Household Characteristics	EIAIDNum	DOE 4-digit identification number (DOEID)	DOEID	All Files
183	Household Characteristics	HasRegVehUse	Have regular use of vehicle (DRIVECAR)	DRIVECAR	file8cbk.txt
184	Household Characteristics	NumofDrivers	Number of drivers in hh (DRIVEMON)	DRIVEMON	file8cbk.txt
185	Household Characteristics	EmplofHouseholder	Employment of householder (EMPLOYHH)	EMPLOYHH	file8cbk.txt
186	Household Characteristics	HasHomeBus	Home-based business (HBUSNESS)	HBUSNESS	file8cbk.txt
187	Household Characteristics	AgeofHouseholder	Age of householder (HHAGE)	HHAGE	file8cbk.txt
188	Household Characteristics	SexofHouseholder	Sex of householder (HHSEX)	HHSEX	file8cbk.txt
189	Household Characteristics	IsLargeUser	hh uses high amount of energy (HIACT)	HIACT	file8cbk.txt
190	Household Characteristics	HowUtilitiesPaid	How utilities are paid (HOWPAID)	HOWPAID	file6cbk.txt
191	Household Characteristics	FamInc>45k	Alternate response for Income Refusal: gt or lt $45 (INC45PLU)	INC45PLU	file8cbk.txt
192	Household Characteristics	FamilyAnnualIncome	Family income last 12 months (MONEYPY)	MONEYPY	file8cbk.txt
193	Household Characteristics	NumofHHMems	Number of household members (NHSLDMEM)	NHSLDMEM	file8cbk.txt
194	Household Characteristics	RaceofHouseholder	Race of householder (ORIGIN)	ORIGIN	file8cbk.txt
195	Household Characteristics	HasOthEUse	Other using much energy (OTHWORK)	OTHWORK	file8cbk.txt
196	Household Characteristics	100PctBelowPovrty	Below 100 percent of poverty (POOR100)	POOR100	file8cbk.txt
197	Household Characteristics	125PctBelowPovrty	Below 125 percent of poverty (POOR125)	POOR125	file8cbk.txt
198	Household Characteristics	150PctBelowPovrty	Below 150 percent of poverty (POOR150)	POOR150	file8cbk.txt
199	Household Characteristics	IsHouseholderHispanic	Householder of hispanic origin (SDESCENT)	SDESCENT	file8cbk.txt
200	Household Characteristics	LiveswithSpouse	Hhldr lives with spouse (SPOUSE)	SPOUSE	file8cbk.txt
201	Household Characteristics	NumofVehs	Number of vehicles (VEHICLES)	VEHICLES	file8cbk.txt
202	Household Characteristics	Num<1	Infants in hh under 1 (YEARS1)	YEARS1	file8cbk.txt
203	Household Characteristics	Num1to12	Children in hh 1-12 (YEARS2)	YEARS2	file8cbk.txt
204	Household Characteristics	Num>65	Adults in hh over 65 (YEARS3)	YEARS3	file8cbk.txt
205	Household Characteristics	Num>75	Adults in hh over 75 (YEARS4)	YEARS4	file8cbk.txt
206	Housing Structure	HeatedBasement	Basement/crawl space heated (BASEHEAT)	BASEHEAT	file1cbk.txt
207	Housing Structure	NumofBedrooms	Number of bedrooms (BEDROOMS)	BEDROOMS	file1cbk.txt
208	Housing Structure	HasCoveredCarport	Covered carport present (CARPORT)	CARPORT	file1cbk.txt
209	Housing Structure	HasBasement	Home has basement (CELLAR)	CELLAR	file1cbk.txt
210	Housing Structure	SQFTCom	Space for commercial activity (COMMAMT)	COMMAMT	file1cbk.txt
211	Housing Structure	HasComSQFT	Apt bldg has commercial space (COMMUSE)	COMMUSE	file1cbk.txt
212	Housing Structure	OnConcreteSlab	Home has concrete slab (CONCRETE)	CONCRETE	file1cbk.txt
213	Housing Structure	HasCrawlSpace	Home has crawl space (CRAWL)	CRAWL	file1cbk.txt
214	Housing Structure	EIAIDNum	DOE 4-digit identification number (DOEID)	DOEID	All Files
215	Housing Structure	Has1-CarGarage	One-car garage present (GARAGE1C)	GARAGE1C	file1cbk.txt
216	Housing Structure	Has2-CarGarage	Two-car garage present (GARAGE2C)	GARAGE2C	file1cbk.txt
217	Housing Structure	Has3ormore-CarGarage	3/more car garage present (GARAGE3C)	GARAGE3C	file1cbk.txt
218	Housing Structure	QualitySQFTHeatedEst	Certainty of sqft estimate (HOWSURE)	HOWSURE	file1cbk.txt
219	Housing Structure	IsPublicHousing	Reside in public housing proj (HUPROJ)	HUPROJ	file1cbk.txt
220	Housing Structure	CondoandorCo-op	Dwelling is Condo/Co-op (KCOPCOND)	KCOPCOND	file1cbk.txt
221	Housing Structure	IsHouseOwned	Dwelling owned or rented (KOWNRENT)	KOWNRENT	file1cbk.txt
222	Housing Structure	MobileHomeWidth	Width of mobile home (MHWIDTH)	MHWIDTH	file1cbk.txt
223	Housing Structure	NumofBaths	Number of complete baths (NCOMBATH)	NCOMBATH	file1cbk.txt
224	Housing Structure	NumofHalf-baths	Number of half baths (NHAFBATH)	NHAFBATH	file1cbk.txt
225	Housing Structure	NumofFloors	Num floors in apt building (NUMFLRS)	NUMFLRS	file1cbk.txt
226	Housing Structure	Occupiedafter12-31-94	Moved in after 12-31-94 (OCCUPY)	OCCUPY	file1cbk.txt
227	Housing Structure	BegMonthOccupied	Month moved into home (OCCUPYM)	OCCUPYM	file1cbk.txt
228	Housing Structure	BegYearOccupied	Year moved into home (OCCUPYY)	OCCUPYY	file1cbk.txt
229	Housing Structure	PurposeofStructure	Original purpose of structure (ORIGTYP)	ORIGTYP	file1cbk.txt
230	Housing Structure	NumofOthRooms	Number of other rooms (OTHROOMS)	OTHROOMS	file1cbk.txt
231	Housing Structure	UseofApt	Original intent of apt bldg (PRIORUSE)	PRIORUSE	file1cbk.txt
232	Housing Structure	HasGarage	Home has garage or carport (PRKGPLCE)	PRKGPLCE	file1cbk.txt
233	Housing Structure	SQFTHeated	Total heated floorspace (SQFTEST)	SQFTEST	file1cbk.txt
234	Housing Structure	EstSQFTHeated	Model-based est. of heated sq ft (SQFTREG)	SQFTREG	file1cbk.txt
235	Housing Structure	NumofStories	Stories in housing unit (STORIES)	STORIES	file1cbk.txt
236	Housing Structure	NumofAllRooms	Calculated sum of all rooms (TOTROOMS)	TOTROOMS	file1cbk.txt
237	Housing Structure	HasTreeShade	Trees shade home (TREESHAD)	TREESHAD	file5cbk.txt
238	Housing Structure	TypeofHousehold	Respondent reported type of home (TYPEHUQ)	TYPEHUQ	All Files
239	Housing Structure	YearBuilt	Year home built (YEARMADE)	YEARMADE	file1cbk.txt
Imputation Flags
	ACCESS Table Name	ACCESS Field Name	Field Name Caption	ASCII Variable Name	ASCII Questionnaire Codebook
240	Imputation Flags	EIAIDNum	DOE 4-digit identification number (DOEID)	DOEID	All Files
241	Imputation Flags	FlagforZACDUCTS	Imputation flag for acducts (ZACDUCTS)	ZACDUCTS	file5cbk.txt
242	Imputation Flags	FlagforZACHOUSE	Imputation flag for achouse (ZACHOUSE)	ZACHOUSE	file5cbk.txt
243	Imputation Flags	FlagforZACOTHER	Imputation flag for acothers (ZACOTHER)	ZACOTHER	file5cbk.txt
244	Imputation Flags	FlagforZACROOMS	Imputation flag for acrooms (ZACROOMS)	ZACROOMS	file5cbk.txt
245	Imputation Flags	FlagforZADQINSU	Imputation flag for adqinsul (ZADQINSU)	ZADQINSU	file5cbk.txt
246	Imputation Flags	FlagforZAGECENA	Imputation flag for agecenac (ZAGECENA)	ZAGECENA	file5cbk.txt
247	Imputation Flags	FlagforZAGEFRZR	Imputation flag for agefrzr (ZAGEFRZR)	ZAGEFRZR	file2cbk.txt
248	Imputation Flags	FlagforZAGERFRI	Imputation flag for agerfri1 (ZAGERFRI)	ZAGERFRI	file2cbk.txt
249	Imputation Flags	FlagforZAIRCOND	Imputation flag for aircond (ZAIRCOND)	ZAIRCOND	file5cbk.txt
250	Imputation Flags	FlagforZAMTMICR	Imputation flag for amtmicro (ZAMTMICR)	ZAMTMICR	file2cbk.txt
251	Imputation Flags	FlagforZAMTNOHT	Imputation flag for amtnoht (ZAMTNOHT)	ZAMTNOHT	file9cbk.txt
252	Imputation Flags	FlagforZANYWWHP	Imputation flag for anywwhp (ZANYWWHP)	ZANYWWHP	file5cbk.txt
253	Imputation Flags	FlagforZATHOME	Imputation flag for athome (ZATHOME)	ZATHOME	file8cbk.txt
254	Imputation Flags	FlagforZAUTOCOO	Imputation flag for autocool (ZAUTOCOO)	ZAUTOCOO	file5cbk.txt
255	Imputation Flags	FlagforZAUTOHEA	Imputation flag for autoheat (ZAUTOHEA)	ZAUTOHEA	file4cbk.txt
256	Imputation Flags	FlagforZBASEHEA	Imputation flag for baseheat (ZBASEHEA)	ZBASEHEA	file1cbk.txt
257	Imputation Flags	FlagforZBATCHRG	Imputation flag for batchrg (ZBATCHRG)	ZBATCHRG	file3cbk.txt
258	Imputation Flags	FlagforZCASHAID	Imputation flag for cashaid (ZCASHAID)	ZCASHAID	file9cbk.txt
259	Imputation Flags	FlagforZCASHBEN	Imputation flag for cashben (ZCASHBEN)	ZCASHBEN	file9cbk.txt
260	Imputation Flags	FlagforZCELLAR	Imputation flag for cellar (ZCELLAR)	ZCELLAR	file1cbk.txt
261	Imputation Flags	FlagforZCENACHP	Imputation flag for cenachp (ZCENACHP)	ZCENACHP	file5cbk.txt
262	Imputation Flags	FlagforZCOMPUTE	Imputation flag for computer (ZCOMPUTE)	ZCOMPUTE	file3cbk.txt
263	Imputation Flags	FlagforZCONCRET	Imputation flag for concrete (ZCONCRET)	ZCONCRET	file1cbk.txt
264	Imputation Flags	FlagforZCOOLAID	Imputation flag for coolaid (ZCOOLAID)	ZCOOLAID	file9cbk.txt
265	Imputation Flags	FlagforZCOOLTYP	Imputation flag for cooltype (ZCOOLTYP)	ZCOOLTYP	file5cbk.txt
266	Imputation Flags	FlagforZCOPIER	Imputation flag for copier (ZCOPIER)	ZCOPIER	file3cbk.txt
267	Imputation Flags	FlagforZCORDPL1	Imputation flag for cordplu1 (ZCORDPL1)	ZCORDPL1	file6cbk.txt
268	Imputation Flags	FlagforZCORDPL2	Imputation flag for cordplu2 (ZCORDPL2)	ZCORDPL2	file6cbk.txt
269	Imputation Flags	FlagforZCRAWL	Imputation flag for crawl (ZCRAWL)	ZCRAWL	file1cbk.txt
270	Imputation Flags	FlagforZDEREG	Imputation flag for dereg (ZDEREG)	ZDEREG	file6cbk.txt
271	Imputation Flags	FlagforZDOOR1SU	Imputation flag for door1sum (ZDOOR1SU)	ZDOOR1SU	file5cbk.txt
272	Imputation Flags	FlagforZDOORSF1	Imputation flag for doorsfr1 (ZDOORSF1)	ZDOORSF1	file2cbk.txt
273	Imputation Flags	FlagforZDOORSF2	Imputation flag for doorsfr2 (ZDOORSF2)	ZDOORSF2	file2cbk.txt
274	Imputation Flags	FlagforZDRIVECA	Imputation flag for drivecar (ZDRIVECA)	ZDRIVECA	file8cbk.txt
275	Imputation Flags	FlagforZDRIVEMO	Imputation flag for drivemon (ZDRIVEMO)	ZDRIVEMO	file8cbk.txt
276	Imputation Flags	FlagforZDRYER	Imputation flag for dryer (ZDRYER)	ZDRYER	file3cbk.txt
277	Imputation Flags	FlagforZDRYRFUE	Imputation flag for dryrfuel (ZDRYRFUE)	ZDRYRFUE	file3cbk.txt
278	Imputation Flags	FlagforZDRYRUSE	Imputation flag for dryruse (ZDRYRUSE)	ZDRYRUSE	file3cbk.txt
279	Imputation Flags	FlagforZDWASHUS	Imputation flag for dwashuse (ZDWASHUS)	ZDWASHUS	file2cbk.txt
280	Imputation Flags	FlagforZEMPLOYH	Imputation flag for employhh (ZEMPLOYH)	ZEMPLOYH	file8cbk.txt
281	Imputation Flags	FlagforZEQMAMT	Imputation flag for eqmamt (ZEQMAMT)	ZEQMAMT	file4cbk.txt
282	Imputation Flags	FlagforZEQUIPAG	Imputation flag for equipage (ZEQUIPAG)	ZEQUIPAG	file4cbk.txt
283	Imputation Flags	FlagforZEQUIPAU	Imputation flag for equipaux (ZEQUIPAU)	ZEQUIPAU	file4cbk.txt
284	Imputation Flags	FlagforZEQUIPM	Imputation flag for equipm (ZEQUIPM)	ZEQUIPM	file4cbk.txt
285	Imputation Flags	FlagforZFAX	Imputation flag for fax (ZFAX)	ZFAX	file3cbk.txt
286	Imputation Flags	FlagforZFREEZER	Imputation flag for freezer (ZFREEZER)	ZFREEZER	file2cbk.txt
287	Imputation Flags	FlagforZFUELFOO	Imputation flag for fuelfood (ZFUELFOO)	ZFUELFOO	file2cbk.txt
288	Imputation Flags	FlagforZFUELH2O	Imputation flag for fuelh2o (ZFUELH2O)	ZFUELH2O	file5cbk.txt
289	Imputation Flags	FlagforZFUELHEA	Imputation flag for fuelheat (ZFUELHEA)	ZFUELHEA	file4cbk.txt
290	Imputation Flags	FlagforZFUELPAI	Imputation flag for fuelpaid (ZFUELPAI)	ZFUELPAI	file9cbk.txt
291	Imputation Flags	FlagforZGASLIGH	Imputation flag for gaslight (ZGASLIGH)	ZGASLIGH	file5cbk.txt
292	Imputation Flags	FlagforZGOVTAMT	Imputation flag for govtamt (ZGOVTAMT)	ZGOVTAMT	file9cbk.txt
293	Imputation Flags	FlagforZHBUSNES	Imputation flag for hbusness (ZHBUSNES)	ZHBUSNES	file8cbk.txt
294	Imputation Flags	FlagforZHEATAID	Imputation flag for heataid (ZHEATAID)	ZHEATAID	file9cbk.txt
295	Imputation Flags	FlagforZHEATNOT	Imputation flag for heatnot (ZHEATNOT)	ZHEATNOT	file4cbk.txt
296	Imputation Flags	FlagforZHEATOTH	Imputation flag for heatoth (ZHEATOTH)	ZHEATOTH	file4cbk.txt
297	Imputation Flags	FlagforZHHAGE	Imputation flag for hhage (ZHHAGE)	ZHHAGE	file8cbk.txt
298	Imputation Flags	FlagforZHHSEX	Imputation flag for hhsex (ZHHSEX)	ZHHSEX	file8cbk.txt
299	Imputation Flags	FlagforZHRSDYS	Imputation flag for hrsdys (ZHRSDYS)	ZHRSDYS	file9cbk.txt
300	Imputation Flags	FlagforZHUPROJ	Imputation flag for huproj (ZHUPROJ)	ZHUPROJ	file1cbk.txt
301	Imputation Flags	FlagforKCOPCOND	Imputation Flag for KCOPCOND (ZKCOPCON)	ZKCOPCON	file1cbk.txt
302	Imputation Flags	FlagforZLGT12	Imputation flag for lgt12 (ZLGT12)	ZLGT12	file5cbk.txt
303	Imputation Flags	FlagforZLIFELIN	Imputation flag for lifeline (ZLIFELIN)	ZLIFELIN	file9cbk.txt
304	Imputation Flags	FlagforZMICRO	Imputation flag for micro (ZMICRO)	ZMICRO	file2cbk.txt
305	Imputation Flags	FlagforZMODEM	Imputation flag for modem (ZMODEM)	ZMODEM	file3cbk.txt
306	Imputation Flags	FlagforZMONEYPY	Imputation flag for moneypy (ZMONEYPY)	ZMONEYPY	file8cbk.txt
307	Imputation Flags	FlagforZMONRFRI	Imputation flag for monrfri2 (ZMONRFRI)	ZMONRFRI	file2cbk.txt
308	Imputation Flags	FlagforZNCASHBE	Imputation flag for ncashben (ZNCASHBE)	ZNCASHBE	file9cbk.txt
309	Imputation Flags	FlagforZNCOMBAT	Imputation flag for ncombath (ZNCOMBAT)	ZNCOMBAT	file1cbk.txt
310	Imputation Flags	FlagforZNGFPFLU	Imputation flag for ngfpflue (ZNGFPFLU)	ZNGFPFLU	file4cbk.txt
311	Imputation Flags	FlagforZNHSLDME	Imputation flag for nhsldmem (ZNHSLDME)	ZNHSLDME	file8cbk.txt
312	Imputation Flags	FlagforZNNOHEAT	Imputation flag for nnoheat (ZNNOHEAT)	ZNNOHEAT	file9cbk.txt
313	Imputation Flags	FlagforZNOHSUM	Imputation flag for nohsum (ZNOHSUM)	ZNOHSUM	file9cbk.txt
314	Imputation Flags	FlagforZNOHWIN	Imputation flag for nohwin (ZNOHWIN)	ZNOHWIN	file9cbk.txt
315	Imputation Flags	FlagforZNOPAY	Imputation flag for nopay (ZNOPAY)	ZNOPAY	file9cbk.txt
316	Imputation Flags	FlagforZNOPYEL	Imputation flag for nopyel (ZNOPYEL)	ZNOPYEL	file9cbk.txt
317	Imputation Flags	FlagforZNOPYFIX	Imputation flag for nopyfix (ZNOPYFIX)	ZNOPYFIX	file9cbk.txt
318	Imputation Flags	FlagforZNOPYFL	Imputation flag for nopyfl (ZNOPYFL)	ZNOPYFL	file9cbk.txt
319	Imputation Flags	FlagforZNUMFREE	Imputation flag for numfreez (ZNUMFREE)	ZNUMFREE	file2cbk.txt
320	Imputation Flags	FlagforZNUMFRIG	Imputation flag for numfrig (ZNUMFRIG)	ZNUMFRIG	file2cbk.txt
321	Imputation Flags	FlagforZNUMMEAL	Imputation flag for nummeal (ZNUMMEAL)	ZNUMMEAL	file2cbk.txt
322	Imputation Flags	FlagforZOTHERWA	Imputation flag for otherway (ZOTHERWA)	ZOTHERWA	file9cbk.txt
323	Imputation Flags	FlagforZOTHROOM	Imputation flag for othrooms (ZOTHROOM)	ZOTHROOM	file1cbk.txt
324	Imputation Flags	FlagforZOTHRPMT	Imputation flag for othrpmt (ZOTHRPMT)	ZOTHRPMT	file9cbk.txt
325	Imputation Flags	FlagforZOTHWORK	Imputation flag for othwork (ZOTHWORK)	ZOTHWORK	file8cbk.txt
326	Imputation Flags	FlagforZOUTLGTN	Imputation flag for outlgtnt (ZOUTLGTN)	ZOUTLGTN	file5cbk.txt
327	Imputation Flags	FlagforZOVENCLN	Imputation flag for ovencln (ZOVENCLN)	ZOVENCLN	file2cbk.txt
328	Imputation Flags	FlagforZOVENUSE	Imputation flag for ovenuse (ZOVENUSE)	ZOVENUSE	file2cbk.txt
329	Imputation Flags	FlagforZPCUSE	Imputation flag for pcuse (ZPCUSE)	ZPCUSE	file3cbk.txt
330	Imputation Flags	FlagforZPRINTER	Imputation flag for printer (ZPRINTER)	ZPRINTER	file3cbk.txt
331	Imputation Flags	FlagforZRECBATH	Imputation flag for recbath (ZRECBATH)	ZRECBATH	file3cbk.txt
332	Imputation Flags	FlagforZREFRIG1	Imputation flag for refrigt1 (ZREFRIG1)	ZREFRIG1	file2cbk.txt
333	Imputation Flags	FlagforZREFRIG2	Imputation flag for refrigt2 (ZREFRIG2)	ZREFRIG2	file2cbk.txt
334	Imputation Flags	FlagforZRETIREP	Imputation flag for retirepy (ZRETIREP)	ZRETIREP	file9cbk.txt
335	Imputation Flags	FlagforZSDESCEN	Imputation flag for sdescent (ZSDESCEN)	ZSDESCEN	file8cbk.txt
336	Imputation Flags	FlagforZSEPFREE	Imputation flag for sepfreez (ZSEPFREE)	ZSEPFREE	file2cbk.txt
337	Imputation Flags	FlagforZSETBACK	Imputation flag for setback (ZSETBACK)	ZSETBACK	file4cbk.txt
338	Imputation Flags	FlagforZSHOWERS	Imputation flag for showers (ZSHOWERS)	ZSHOWERS	file5cbk.txt
339	Imputation Flags	FlagforZSIZFREE	Imputation flag for sizfreez (ZSIZFREE)	ZSIZFREE	file2cbk.txt
340	Imputation Flags	FlagforZSIZRFR1	Imputation flag for sizrfri1 (ZSIZRFR1)	ZSIZRFR1	file2cbk.txt
341	Imputation Flags	FlagforZSIZRFR2	Imputation flag for sizrfri2 (ZSIZRFR2)	ZSIZRFR2	file2cbk.txt
342	Imputation Flags	FlagforZSLDDRS	Imputation flag for slddrs (ZSLDDRS)	ZSLDDRS	file5cbk.txt
343	Imputation Flags	FlagforZSPOUSE	Imputation flag for spouse (ZSPOUSE)	ZSPOUSE	file8cbk.txt
344	Imputation Flags	FlagforZSTORIES	Imputation flag for stories (ZSTORIES)	ZSTORIES	file1cbk.txt
345	Imputation Flags	FlagforZSTOVEN	Imputation flag for stoven (ZSTOVEN)	ZSTOVEN	file2cbk.txt
346	Imputation Flags	FlagforZTELECOM	Imputation flag for telecom (ZTELECOM)	ZTELECOM	file3cbk.txt
347	Imputation Flags	FlagforZTELLDAY	Imputation flag for telldays (ZTELLDAY)	ZTELLDAY	file3cbk.txt
348	Imputation Flags	FlagforZTHERMAI	Imputation flag for thermain (ZTHERMAI)	ZTHERMAI	file4cbk.txt
349	Imputation Flags	FlagforZTOTROOM	Imputation flag for totrooms (ZTOTROOM)	ZTOTROOM	file1cbk.txt
350	Imputation Flags	FlagforZTREESHA	Imputation flag for treeshad (ZTREESHA)	ZTREESHA	file5cbk.txt
351	Imputation Flags	FlagforZTVCOLOR	Imputation flag for tvcolor (ZTVCOLOR)	ZTVCOLOR	file3cbk.txt
352	Imputation Flags	FlagforZTYPECLN	Imputation flag for typecln (ZTYPECLN)	ZTYPECLN	file2cbk.txt
353	Imputation Flags	FlagforZTYPERF1	Imputation flag for typerfr1 (ZTYPERF1)	ZTYPERF1	file2cbk.txt
354	Imputation Flags	FlagforZTYPERF2	Imputation flag for typerfr2 (ZTYPERF2)	ZTYPERF2	file2cbk.txt
355	Imputation Flags	FlagforZUAUXH2O	Imputation flag for uauxh2of (ZUAUXH2O)	ZUAUXH2O	file5cbk.txt
356	Imputation Flags	FlagforZUPRTFRZ	Imputation flag for uprtfrzr (ZUPRTFRZ)	ZUPRTFRZ	file2cbk.txt
357	Imputation Flags	FlagforZURBRUR	Imputation flag for urbrur (ZURBRUR)	ZURBRUR	file1cbk.txt
358	Imputation Flags	FlagforZUSECENA	Imputation flag for usecenac (ZUSECENA)	ZUSECENA	file5cbk.txt
359	Imputation Flags	FlagforZUSENGFP	Imputation flag for usengfp (ZUSENGFP)	ZUSENGFP	file4cbk.txt
360	Imputation Flags	FlagforZUSEWWAC	Imputation flag for usewwac (ZUSEWWAC)	ZUSEWWAC	file5cbk.txt
361	Imputation Flags	FlagforZVCR	Imputation flag for vcr (ZVCR)	ZVCR	file3cbk.txt
362	Imputation Flags	FlagforZVEHICLE	Imputation flag for vehicles (ZVEHICLE)	ZVEHICLE	file8cbk.txt
363	Imputation Flags	FlagforZWASHLOA	Imputation flag for washload (ZWASHLOA)	ZWASHLOA	file3cbk.txt
364	Imputation Flags	FlagforZWCHFUEL	Imputation flag for wchfuel (ZWCHFUEL)	ZWCHFUEL	file6cbk.txt
365	Imputation Flags	FlagforZWELLPUM	Imputation flag for wellpump (ZWELLPUM)	ZWELLPUM	file3cbk.txt
366	Imputation Flags	FlagforZWHEATAG	Imputation flag for wheatage (ZWHEATAG)	ZWHEATAG	file5cbk.txt
367	Imputation Flags	FlagforZWHEATOT	Imputation flag for wheatoth (ZWHEATOT)	ZWHEATOT	file5cbk.txt
368	Imputation Flags	FlagforZWHEATSI	Imputation flag for wheatsiz (ZWHEATSI)	ZWHEATSI	file5cbk.txt
369	Imputation Flags	FlagforZWINDOWS	Imputation flag for windows (ZWINDOWS)	ZWINDOWS	file5cbk.txt
370	Imputation Flags	FlagforZWOODAMT	Imputation flag for woodamt (ZWOODAMT)	ZWOODAMT	file6cbk.txt
371	Imputation Flags	FlagforZWORKPAY	Imputation flag for workpay (ZWORKPAY)	ZWORKPAY	file9cbk.txt
372	Imputation Flags	FlagforZWWACAGE	Imputation flag for wwacage (ZWWACAGE)	ZWWACAGE	file5cbk.txt
373	Imputation Flags	FlagforZYEARMAD	Imputation flag for yearmade (ZYEARMAD)	ZYEARMAD	file1cbk.txt
374	Imputation Flags	FlagforZYEARS1	Imputation flag for years1 (ZYEARS1)	ZYEARS1	file8cbk.txt
375	Imputation Flags	FlagforZYEARS2	Imputation flag for years2 (ZYEARS2)	ZYEARS2	file8cbk.txt
376	Imputation Flags	FlagforZYEARS3	Imputation flag for years3 (ZYEARS3)	ZYEARS3	file8cbk.txt
Interviewer Observations
	ACCESS Table Name	ACCESS Field Name	Field Name Caption	ASCII Variable Name	ASCII Questionnaire Codebook
377	Interviewer Observations	EIAIDNum	DOE 4-digit identification number (DOEID)	DOEID	All Files
378	Interviewer Observations	RACNumofStories	Intrvwr reported num of stories (FLOORS)	FLOORS	file1cbk.txt
379	Interviewer Observations	RACNumofUnits	Intvwr reported number of units (UNITS)	UNITS	file1cbk.txt
Kerosene Usage Characteristics –
	ACCESS Table Name	ACCESS Field Name	Field Name Caption	ASCII Variable Name	ASCII Questionnaire Codebook
380	Kerosene Usage Characteristics –	UseKeroforOth	Kero used for other purposes (BILLKER)	BILLKER	file7cbk.txt
381	Kerosene Usage Characteristics –	PctKeroBillOth	Pct kero bill for oth purp (BILLKERP)	BILLKERP	file7cbk.txt
382	Kerosene Usage Characteristics –	AnnKeroUsekBtu	Annual kero use in thousands of btu (BTUKER)	BTUKER	file11cbk.txt
383	Kerosene Usage Characteristics –	EstKeroApplkBtu	Kero appl use est in thousands of btu (BTUKRAPL)	BTUKRAPL	file11cbk.txt
384	Kerosene Usage Characteristics –	EstKeroSHkBtu	Kero space heat use est in ks of btu (BTUKRSPH)	BTUKRSPH	file11cbk.txt
385	Kerosene Usage Characteristics –	EstKeroWHkBtu	Kero water heat use est in ks of btu (BTUKRWTH)	BTUKRWTH	file11cbk.txt
386	Kerosene Usage Characteristics –	EIAIDNum	DOE 4-digit identification number (DOEID)	DOEID	All Files
387	Kerosene Usage Characteristics –	EstKeroseneAppl$	Kero appl use est in dollars (DOLKRAPL)	DOLKRAPL	file12cbk.txt
388	Kerosene Usage Characteristics –	EstKeroSH$	Kero space heat use est in dollars (DOLKRSPH)	DOLKRSPH	file12cbk.txt
389	Kerosene Usage Characteristics –	EstKeroWH$	Kero water heat use est in dollars (DOLKRWTH)	DOLKRWTH	file12cbk.txt
390	Kerosene Usage Characteristics –	KeroCost$	Estimated kerosene cost in dollars (DOLLARKR)	DOLLARKR	file12cbk.txt
391	Kerosene Usage Characteristics –	EstKeroPur(Gal)	Est gallons of kerosene bought (GALLONKR)	GALLONKR	file11cbk.txt
392	Kerosene Usage Characteristics –	HowKerosenePaid	How kerosene is paid (HOWPAYKR)	HOWPAYKR	file6cbk.txt
393	Kerosene Usage Characteristics –	KeroDatafromHH	Kero data from supplier or household (KAVALKER)	KAVALKER	file10cbk.txt
394	Kerosene Usage Characteristics –	HasKeroCashNCarry	Cash and carry kerosene (KEROCASH)	KEROCASH	file6cbk.txt
395	Kerosene Usage Characteristics –	HasKeroDelivered	Kerosene delivered to home (KERODEL)	KERODEL	file6cbk.txt
396	Kerosene Usage Characteristics –	UseKeroforanyOth	Uses kerosene for any other purpose (KROTHER)	KROTHER	file6cbk.txt
397	Kerosene Usage Characteristics –	UseKeroforHeat	Uses kerosene to heat home (KRWARM)	KRWARM	file6cbk.txt
398	Kerosene Usage Characteristics –	UseKeroforH2O	Uses kerosene to heat water (KRWATER)	KRWATER	file6cbk.txt
399	Kerosene Usage Characteristics –	NumCompDeliverKero	Num kero companies deliver (NDIFKRCO)	NDIFKRCO	file6cbk.txt
400	Kerosene Usage Characteristics –	QuantityPurKerowCash	Quantity bought each time (NKRGALNC)	NKRGALNC	file6cbk.txt
401	Kerosene Usage Characteristics –	NumPurKerowCash	Num times cash/carry kero (NOKRCASH)	NOKRCASH	file6cbk.txt
402	Kerosene Usage Characteristics –	NumYearlyKeroDeliver	Times kero delivered past yr (NOKRDEL)	NOKRDEL	file6cbk.txt
403	Kerosene Usage Characteristics –	SourceofKeroEst	Source estimated kerosene quantity (ORIGKERQ)	ORIGKERQ	file10cbk.txt
404	Kerosene Usage Characteristics –	KeroDataCode	Summary code kerosene data source (ORIGKERS)	ORIGKERS	file10cbk.txt
405	Kerosene Usage Characteristics –	SourceofKero$	Source of estimated kerosene cost (ORIGKRC)	ORIGKRC	file10cbk.txt
406	Kerosene Usage Characteristics –	KeroDataTimePeriod	Time period kerosene data available (PERIODKR)	PERIODKR	file10cbk.txt
407	Kerosene Usage Characteristics –	KeroCashGalPrice	Cash/carry kero price/gal (PRICEKER)	PRICEKER	file6cbk.txt
408	Kerosene Usage Characteristics –	HasKeroBeenScaledDown	Kero use scaled down nonhsld uses (SCALEKER)	SCALEKER	file10cbk.txt
409	Kerosene Usage Characteristics –	TotalKeroCashPrice	Total cash and carry price (TOTPAYKR)	TOTPAYKR	file6cbk.txt
410	Kerosene Usage Characteristics –	UseKeroinHome	Household uses kerosene (USEKERO)	USEKERO	file6cbk.txt
Kitchen Appliances
	ACCESS Table Name	ACCESS Field Name	Field Name Caption	ASCII Variable Name	ASCII Questionnaire Codebook
411	Kitchen Appliances	AgeofSepFrzr	Age of separate freezer (AGEFRZR)	AGEFRZR	file2cbk.txt
412	Kitchen Appliances	AgeofMainFrig	Age of main refrigerator (AGERFRI1)	AGERFRI1	file2cbk.txt
413	Kitchen Appliances	Ageof2ndFrig	Age of second refrig (AGERFRI2)	AGERFRI2	file2cbk.txt
414	Kitchen Appliances	AmtofMicrowave	Amount cooked in microwave (AMTMICRO)	AMTMICRO	file2cbk.txt
415	Kitchen Appliances	UseAutoDW	Use automatic dishwasher (DISHWASH)	DISHWASH	file2cbk.txt
416	Kitchen Appliances	EIAIDNum	DOE 4-digit identification number (DOEID)	DOEID	All Files
417	Kitchen Appliances	MainFrigDoorStyle	Refrig 1 door style (DOORSFR1)	DOORSFR1	file2cbk.txt
418	Kitchen Appliances	2ndFrigDoorStyle	Refrig 2 door style (DOORSFR2)	DOORSFR2	file2cbk.txt
419	Kitchen Appliances	FreqofDWUse	How often use dishwasher (DWASHUSE)	DWASHUSE	file2cbk.txt
420	Kitchen Appliances	TypeofSepFrzr	Type of separate freezer (FREEZER)	FREEZER	file2cbk.txt
421	Kitchen Appliances	CookingFuel	Fuel used for cooking (FUELFOOD)	FUELFOOD	file2cbk.txt
422	Kitchen Appliances	IceDisponDoor(Main)	Thru door ice/water service (ICE)	ICE	file2cbk.txt
423	Kitchen Appliances	UseMicrowave	Use microwave oven (MICRO)	MICRO	file2cbk.txt
424	Kitchen Appliances	MonthUsed(2ndFrig)	Months 2nd refrig used (MONRFRI2)	MONRFRI2	file2cbk.txt
425	Kitchen Appliances	NumofSepFrzrs	Number of separate freezers (NUMFREEZ)	NUMFREEZ	file2cbk.txt
426	Kitchen Appliances	NumofFrigs	Number of refrigerators (NUMFRIG)	NUMFRIG	file2cbk.txt
427	Kitchen Appliances	FreqofMeals	Number of cooked meals (NUMMEAL)	NUMMEAL	file2cbk.txt
428	Kitchen Appliances	UseOven	Use oven for cooking (OVEN)	OVEN	file2cbk.txt
429	Kitchen Appliances	HasDiffOvenFuel	Separate oven fuel (OVENA)	OVENA	file2cbk.txt
430	Kitchen Appliances	HasSelf-CleaningOven	Oven is self-cleaning (OVENCLN)	OVENCLN	file2cbk.txt
431	Kitchen Appliances	FreqofOvenUse	How often oven used (OVENUSE)	OVENUSE	file2cbk.txt
432	Kitchen Appliances	MainFrzrType	Frzr type main refrig (REFRIGT1)	REFRIGT1	file2cbk.txt
433	Kitchen Appliances	2ndFrzrType	Frzr type second refrig (REFRIGT2)	REFRIGT2	file2cbk.txt
434	Kitchen Appliances	UseSepFrzr	Use a separate freezer (SEPFREEZ)	SEPFREEZ	file2cbk.txt
435	Kitchen Appliances	SepFrzrSize	Size of separate freezer (SIZFREEZ)	SIZFREEZ	file2cbk.txt
436	Kitchen Appliances	MainFrigSize	Size of main refrigerator (SIZRFRI1)	SIZRFRI1	file2cbk.txt
437	Kitchen Appliances	2ndFrigSize	Size of second refrig (SIZRFRI2)	SIZRFRI2	file2cbk.txt
438	Kitchen Appliances	UseStoveforCooking	Use stove/burners for cooking (STOVE)	STOVE	file2cbk.txt
439	Kitchen Appliances	RangeTopFuel	Range top/ burners fuel (STOVEA)	STOVEA	file2cbk.txt
440	Kitchen Appliances	HasStovewithOven	Stove has burners and oven (STOVEN)	STOVEN	file2cbk.txt
441	Kitchen Appliances	StoveFuel	Combo stove and oven fuel (STOVENA)	STOVENA	file2cbk.txt
442	Kitchen Appliances	TypeofOven	Type of self cleaning oven (TYPECLN)	TYPECLN	file2cbk.txt
443	Kitchen Appliances	TypeofMainFrig	Type of main refrigerator (TYPERFR1)	TYPERFR1	file2cbk.txt
444	Kitchen Appliances	Typeof2ndFrig	Type of second refrig (TYPERFR2)	TYPERFR2	file2cbk.txt
445	Kitchen Appliances	HasUprightFrzr	Freezer upright or chest (UPRTFRZR)	UPRTFRZR	file2cbk.txt
Lights Windows and Insulation
	ACCESS Table Name	ACCESS Field Name	Field Name Caption	ASCII Variable Name	ASCII Questionnaire Codebook
446	Lights Windows and Insulation	InsulationQalLevel	How well insulated is home (ADQINSUL)	ADQINSUL	file5cbk.txt
447	Lights Windows and Insulation	EIAIDNum	DOE 4-digit identification number (DOEID)	DOEID	All Files
448	Lights Windows and Insulation	NumSlideDoors	Num of sliding glass doors (DOOR1SUM)	DOOR1SUM	file5cbk.txt
449	Lights Windows and Insulation	UseUgasOutdrLght	Use outdoor gas light (GASLIGHT)	GASLIGHT	file5cbk.txt
450	Lights Windows and Insulation	NumLightsOn>12hrs	Number lights on 12+ hrs/day (LGT12)	LGT12	file5cbk.txt
451	Lights Windows and Insulation	UseOutdrLghtNightly	Outdoor lgt on all night (OUTLGTNT)	OUTLGTNT	file5cbk.txt
452	Lights Windows and Insulation	HasSlideDoor	Sliding glass doors (SLDDRS)	SLDDRS	file5cbk.txt
453	Lights Windows and Insulation	NumWindows	Number of windows in home (WINDOWS)	WINDOWS	file5cbk.txt
Location and Weather
	ACCESS Table Name	ACCESS Field Name	Field Name Caption	ASCII Variable Name	ASCII Questionnaire Codebook
454	Location and Weather	CDDtobase651-97to12-97	Cooling dd to base 65 1-97 to 12-97 (CDD65)	CDD65	All Files
455	Location and Weather	CensusDivision	Census division (DIVISION)	DIVISION	All Files
456	Location and Weather	EIAIDNum	DOE 4-digit identification number (DOEID)	DOEID	All Files
457	Location and Weather	HDDtobase651-97to12-97	Heating dd to base 65 1-97 to 12-97 (HDD65)	HDD65	All Files
458	Location and Weather	LargeState	Large State Indicator (LRGSTATE)	LRGSTATE	All Files
459	Location and Weather	CensusRegion	Census region (REGIONC)	REGIONC	All Files
460	Location and Weather	HouseholdArea	Area household is in (URBRUR)	URBRUR	file1cbk.txt
Natural Gas Usage Characteristics –
	ACCESS Table Name	ACCESS Field Name	Field Name Caption	ASCII Variable Name	ASCII Questionnaire Codebook
461	Natural Gas Usage Characteristics –	UseUgasforOth	Ugas used for other purposes (BILLUG)	BILLUG	file7cbk.txt
462	Natural Gas Usage Characteristics –	PctUgasBillOth	Pct ug bill for oth purp (BILLUGP)	BILLUGP	file7cbk.txt
463	Natural Gas Usage Characteristics –	AnnUgasUsekBtu	Ug annual use in thousands of btu (BTUNG)	BTUNG	file11cbk.txt
464	Natural Gas Usage Characteristics –	EstNGApplkBtu	Nat gas appl use est in thous of btu (BTUNGAPL)	BTUNGAPL	file11cbk.txt
465	Natural Gas Usage Characteristics –	EstNGACkBtu	Nat gas ac use est in thous of btu (BTUNGCOL)	BTUNGCOL	file11cbk.txt
466	Natural Gas Usage Characteristics –	EstNGSHkBtu	Nat gas space heat use est k of btu (BTUNGSPH)	BTUNGSPH	file11cbk.txt
467	Natural Gas Usage Characteristics –	EstNGWHkBtu	Nat gas wat ht use est in ks of btu (BTUNGWTH)	BTUNGWTH	file11cbk.txt
468	Natural Gas Usage Characteristics –	EstUgasPur(ccfs)	Ccfs (hundred cubic ft) of ug (CUFEETNG)	CUFEETNG	file11cbk.txt
469	Natural Gas Usage Characteristics –	EIAIDNum	DOE 4-digit identification number (DOEID)	DOEID	All Files
470	Natural Gas Usage Characteristics –	UgasCost$	Estimated cost of ug in dollars (DOLLARNG)	DOLLARNG	file12cbk.txt
471	Natural Gas Usage Characteristics –	EstNGAppl$	Nat gas appl use est in dollars (DOLNGAPL)	DOLNGAPL	file12cbk.txt
472	Natural Gas Usage Characteristics –	EstNGAC$	Nat gas air cond use est in dollars (DOLNGCOL)	DOLNGCOL	file12cbk.txt
473	Natural Gas Usage Characteristics –	EstNGSH$	Nat gas space heat use est in dollars (DOLNGSPH)	DOLNGSPH	file12cbk.txt
474	Natural Gas Usage Characteristics –	EstNGWH$	Nat gas water heat use est in dollars (DOLNGWTH)	DOLNGWTH	file12cbk.txt
475	Natural Gas Usage Characteristics –	HowNGPaid	How natural gas is paid (HOWPAYNG)	HOWPAYNG	file6cbk.txt
476	Natural Gas Usage Characteristics –	UgasDatafromHH	Ug data from supplier or household (KAVALNG)	KAVALNG	file10cbk.txt
477	Natural Gas Usage Characteristics –	SourceofUgas$	Source of estimated cost of ug (ORIGNGC)	ORIGNGC	file10cbk.txt
478	Natural Gas Usage Characteristics –	SourceofUgasEst	Source of estimated quantity of ug (ORIGNGQ)	ORIGNGQ	file10cbk.txt
479	Natural Gas Usage Characteristics –	UgasDataCode	Summary code for source of ug data (ORIGNGS)	ORIGNGS	file10cbk.txt
480	Natural Gas Usage Characteristics –	UgasDataTimePeriod	Period of time ug data available (PERIODNG)	PERIODNG	file10cbk.txt
481	Natural Gas Usage Characteristics –	WhoPaysUgasHeat	Who pays ugas for home heat (PGASHEAT)	PGASHEAT	file6cbk.txt
482	Natural Gas Usage Characteristics –	WhoPaysUgasH2O	Who pays ugas for hot water (PGASHTWA)	PGASHTWA	file6cbk.txt
483	Natural Gas Usage Characteristics –	WhoPaysUgasCook	Who pays ugas to cook (PUGCOOK)	PUGCOOK	file6cbk.txt
484	Natural Gas Usage Characteristics –	WhoPaysUgasAppl	Who pays ugas for appliances (PUGOTH)	PUGOTH	file6cbk.txt
485	Natural Gas Usage Characteristics –	HasUgasBeenScaledDown	Ug use scaled down for nonhsld uses (SCALENG)	SCALENG	file10cbk.txt
486	Natural Gas Usage Characteristics –	UgasRate(local)	Local natural gas rate for mcf (UGASRATE)	UGASRATE	file10cbk.txt
487	Natural Gas Usage Characteristics –	UseUgasforCook	Uses ugas for cooking (UGCOOK)	UGCOOK	file6cbk.txt
488	Natural Gas Usage Characteristics –	UseUgasforOthAppl	Uses ugas for other appliances (UGOTH)	UGOTH	file6cbk.txt
489	Natural Gas Usage Characteristics –	UseUgasforHeat	Uses ugas for heating home (UGWARM)	UGWARM	file6cbk.txt
490	Natural Gas Usage Characteristics –	UseUgasforH2O	Uses ugas for hot water (UGWATER)	UGWATER	file6cbk.txt
491	Natural Gas Usage Characteristics –	UseUgasinHome	Household uses utility gas (USENG)	USENG	file6cbk.txt
Other Appliances
	ACCESS Table Name	ACCESS Field Name	Field Name Caption	ASCII Variable Name	ASCII Questionnaire Codebook
492	Other Appliances	HasAnsweringMachine	Use answering machine (ANSMACH)	ANSMACH	file3cbk.txt
493	Other Appliances	HasAquarium>20gal	Use 20+ gal htd aquarium (AQUARIUM)	AQUARIUM	file3cbk.txt
494	Other Appliances	MaintenanceofPortAppls	How port appliances maintained (BATCHRG)	BATCHRG	file3cbk.txt
495	Other Appliances	HasPortableAppl	Use portable appliances/tools (BATTOOLS)	BATTOOLS	file3cbk.txt
496	Other Appliances	UseCeilingFan	Used ceiling fan (CFAN)	CFAN	file3cbk.txt
497	Other Appliances	HasPC	Use personal computer (COMPUTER)	COMPUTER	file3cbk.txt
498	Other Appliances	HasPhotocopier	Use photocopier (COPIER)	COPIER	file3cbk.txt
499	Other Appliances	UseAutoCW	Use auto clothes washer (CWASHER)	CWASHER	file3cbk.txt
500	Other Appliances	EIAIDNum	DOE 4-digit identification number (DOEID)	DOEID	All Files
501	Other Appliances	UseClothesDryer	Use clothes dryer (DRYER)	DRYER	file3cbk.txt
502	Other Appliances	ClothesDryerFuel	Clothes dryer fuel (DRYRFUEL)	DRYRFUEL	file3cbk.txt
503	Other Appliances	FreqofClothesDryer	Frequency of dryer use (DRYRUSE)	DRYRUSE	file3cbk.txt
504	Other Appliances	HasFax	Use separate fax machine (FAX)	FAX	file3cbk.txt
505	Other Appliances	PoolFuel	Fuel used to heat pool (FUELPOOL)	FUELPOOL	file3cbk.txt
506	Other Appliances	HotTubFuel	Fuel used to heat recbath (FUELTUB)	FUELTUB	file3cbk.txt
507	Other Appliances	HasModem	Use modem (MODEM)	MODEM	file3cbk.txt
508	Other Appliances	Morethan1PC	More than one pc used (MULTPC)	MULTPC	file3cbk.txt
509	Other Appliances	HasCordlessPhone	Use cordless phone (NOCORD)	NOCORD	file3cbk.txt
510	Other Appliances	NumofH2ObedHeaters	Number of waterbed heaters (NOWTBDHT)	NOWTBDHT	file3cbk.txt
511	Other Appliances	NumCeilingFansUsed	Number of ceiling fans used (NUMCFAN)	NUMCFAN	file3cbk.txt
512	Other Appliances	NumofPCs	Number pcs used (NUMPC)	NUMPC	file3cbk.txt
513	Other Appliances	MainUseofPC	Main use of pc (PCTASK)	PCTASK	file3cbk.txt
514	Other Appliances	WeeklyPCUse	Weekly hours pc turned on (PCUSE)	PCUSE	file3cbk.txt
515	Other Appliances	HasHeatedPool	Have heated swimming pool (POOL)	POOL	file3cbk.txt
516	Other Appliances	HasLaserPrinter	Use laser printer for pc (PRINTER)	PRINTER	file3cbk.txt
517	Other Appliances	HasHotTub	Heated hot tub/spa/jacuzzi (RECBATH)	RECBATH	file3cbk.txt
518	Other Appliances	HasStereo	Use stereo equipment (STEREO)	STEREO	file3cbk.txt
519	Other Appliances	HasPool	Have pool with filtering sys (SWIMPOOL)	SWIMPOOL	file3cbk.txt
520	Other Appliances	PCforTelecommute	PC used to telecommute (TELECOM)	TELECOM	file3cbk.txt
521	Other Appliances	DayTelecommute	Days pc used to telecommute (TELLDAYS)	TELLDAYS	file3cbk.txt
522	Other Appliances	NumColorTVs	Number of color tvs used (TVCOLOR)	TVCOLOR	file3cbk.txt
523	Other Appliances	NumVCRs	Number of vcrs used (VCR)	VCR	file3cbk.txt
524	Other Appliances	FreqofLaundry(weekly)	Laundry washed per week (WASHLOAD)	WASHLOAD	file3cbk.txt
525	Other Appliances	UseH2ObedHeaters	Use waterbed heaters (WATERBED)	WATERBED	file3cbk.txt
526	Other Appliances	UseElecWellPmp	Use elec pump for well (WELLPUMP)	WELLPUMP	file3cbk.txt
527	Other Appliances	UseH2ObedAllYear	Waterbed heaters used all year (WTBEDUSE)	WTBEDUSE	file3cbk.txt
Other Usage Characteristics
	ACCESS Table Name	ACCESS Field Name	Field Name Caption	ASCII Variable Name	ASCII Questionnaire Codebook
528	Other Usage Characteristics	EIAIDNum	DOE 4-digit identification number (DOEID)	DOEID	All Files
529	Other Usage Characteristics	UseOthCookFuel	Other fuel used to cook (OTHCOOK)	OTHCOOK	file6cbk.txt
530	Other Usage Characteristics	UseOthFuelinHome	Other fuel used by hh (USEOTH)	USEOTH	file6cbk.txt
Solar Usage Characteristics –
	ACCESS Table Name	ACCESS Field Name	Field Name Caption	ASCII Variable Name	ASCII Questionnaire Codebook
531	Solar Usage Characteristics –	EIAIDNum	DOE 4-digit identification number (DOEID)	DOEID	All Files
532	Solar Usage Characteristics –	UseSolarforOth	Uses solar for other purpose (SOLOTHER)	SOLOTHER	file6cbk.txt
533	Solar Usage Characteristics –	UseSolarforPool	Uses solar to heat pool heater (SOLPOOL)	SOLPOOL	file6cbk.txt
534	Solar Usage Characteristics –	UseSolarforHeat	Uses solar to heat home (SOLWARM)	SOLWARM	file6cbk.txt
535	Solar Usage Characteristics –	UseSolarforH2O	Uses solar to heat water (SOLWATER)	SOLWATER	file6cbk.txt
536	Solar Usage Characteristics –	UseSolarinHome	Household uses solar (USESOLAR)	USESOLAR	file6cbk.txt
Space Heating
	ACCESS Table Name	ACCESS Field Name	Field Name Caption	ASCII Variable Name	ASCII Questionnaire Codebook
537	Space Heating	HasFansforSolar	Solar heat needs pumps/fans (ACTSOLAR)	ACTSOLAR	file4cbk.txt
538	Space Heating	HasProgTherm	Program or manually set therm (AUTOHEAT)	AUTOHEAT	file4cbk.txt
539	Space Heating	HasAuxPrtblELHeater	Aux equip is prtbl elec htr (CARRYEL)	CARRYEL	file4cbk.txt
540	Space Heating	HasAuxPrtblKero	Aux equip is prtbl kero (CARRYKER)	CARRYKER	file4cbk.txt
541	Space Heating	AuxisFireplace	Aux equip is fireplace (CHIMNEY)	CHIMNEY	file4cbk.txt
542	Space Heating	AuxHeatEqpisOth	Aux heating equip is other (DIFEQUIP)	DIFEQUIP	file4cbk.txt
543	Space Heating	DKisAuxHeat	Dont know aux heating fuel (DKAUX)	DKAUX	file4cbk.txt
544	Space Heating	DKAuxHeatEqp	Dont know aux heating equip (DKEQUIP)	DKEQUIP	file4cbk.txt
545	Space Heating	UnheatedUnitweqp	Unheated home has equiptment (DNTHEAT)	DNTHEAT	file4cbk.txt
546	Space Heating	EIAIDNum	DOE 4-digit identification number (DOEID)	DOEID	All Files
547	Space Heating	ELisAuxHeat	Electric is aux heating fuel (ELECAUX)	ELECAUX	file4cbk.txt
548	Space Heating	HeatCapMainEqp	Amt heat main equip provides (EQMAMT)	EQMAMT	file4cbk.txt
549	Space Heating	AgeofMainHeatingEqp	Age of main heating equip (EQUIPAGE)	EQUIPAGE	file4cbk.txt
550	Space Heating	HasAuxHeatEqp	Aux heating equipment used (EQUIPAUX)	EQUIPAUX	file4cbk.txt
551	Space Heating	MainHeatingEqp	Main home heating equipment (EQUIPM)	EQUIPM	file4cbk.txt
552	Space Heating	FOisAuxHeat	Fuel oil is aux heating fuel (FOILAUX)	FOILAUX	file4cbk.txt
553	Space Heating	MainHeatingFuel	Main home heating fuel (FUELHEAT)	FUELHEAT	file4cbk.txt
554	Space Heating	NumNoheatRminWin	Num rooms unheated last winter (HEATNOT)	HEATNOT	file4cbk.txt
555	Space Heating	HasHeatEqpforOth	Heat equip heats other units (HEATOTH)	HEATOTH	file4cbk.txt
556	Space Heating	HasNonheatRminWin	Any rooms not heated last winter (HEATROOM)	HEATROOM	file4cbk.txt
557	Space Heating	KeroisAuxHeat	Kerosene is aux heating fuel (KEROAUX)	KEROAUX	file4cbk.txt
558	Space Heating	LPGisAUXHeat	Lpg is aux heating fuel (LPGAUX)	LPGAUX	file4cbk.txt
559	Space Heating	FlueType	Type of fireplace flue (NGFPFLUE)	NGFPFLUE	file4cbk.txt
560	Space Heating	OthisAuxHeat	Other fuel for aux heating (OTHERAUX)	OTHERAUX	file4cbk.txt
561	Space Heating	HasAuxELGen	Aux equip is blt in elec (PERMELEC)	PERMELEC	file4cbk.txt
562	Space Heating	HasAuxPipelessFurn	Aux equip is pipeless furn (PIPELESS)	PIPELESS	file4cbk.txt
563	Space Heating	AuxisStove	Aux equip is cooking stove (RANGE)	RANGE	file4cbk.txt
564	Space Heating	HasAuxHeatPump	Aux equip is heat pump (REVERSE)	REVERSE	file4cbk.txt
565	Space Heating	HasAuxRmHeaters	Aux equip is room heaters (ROOMHEAT)	ROOMHEAT	file4cbk.txt
566	Space Heating	HasSetBackTherm	Auto set-back/clock thermo (SETBACK)	SETBACK	file4cbk.txt
567	Space Heating	SolarisAuxHeat	Solar is aux heating fuel (SOLARAUX)	SOLARAUX	file4cbk.txt
568	Space Heating	HasAuxHeatH2O	Aux equip is steam/hot water (STEAMR)	STEAMR	file4cbk.txt
569	Space Heating	WinterTherm(Empty)	Winter temp - no one home (TEMPGONE)	TEMPGONE	file4cbk.txt
570	Space Heating	WinterTherm(Occup)	Winter-temp - someone home (TEMPHOME)	TEMPHOME	file4cbk.txt
571	Space Heating	WinterTherm(Night)	Winter temp - sleep hours (TEMPNITE)	TEMPNITE	file4cbk.txt
572	Space Heating	UseTherminWin	Use thermostat in winter (THERMAIN)	THERMAIN	file4cbk.txt
573	Space Heating	UgasisAuxHeat	Ugas is aux heating fuel (UGASAUX)	UGASAUX	file4cbk.txt
574	Space Heating	WinterUseofGasFP	How gas fp used in winter (USENGFP)	USENGFP	file4cbk.txt
575	Space Heating	HasAuxCentrWrmAirEqp	Aux equip is centr wrm air (WARMAIR)	WARMAIR	file4cbk.txt
576	Space Heating	WoodisAuxHeat	Wood is aux heating fuel (WOODAUX)	WOODAUX	file4cbk.txt
577	Space Heating	HasAuxStove	Aux equip is heating stove (WOODKILN)	WOODKILN	file4cbk.txt
Survey Management
	ACCESS Table Name	ACCESS Field Name	Field Name Caption	ASCII Variable Name	ASCII Questionnaire Codebook
578	Survey Management	BillsCoverBus	Bills cover bus/office use (BUSINESS)	BUSINESS	file7cbk.txt
579	Survey Management	EIAIDNum	DOE 4-digit identification number (DOEID)	DOEID	All Files
580	Survey Management	BillsincFarmUse	Bills include farm/machine use (FARM)	FARM	file7cbk.txt
581	Survey Management	HasFuelChrgNonHH	Fuel charges for non-hh use (KFUELOT)	KFUELOT	file7cbk.txt
582	Survey Management	MailCodes	Mail questionniare codes (MQRESULT)	MQRESULT	All Files
583	Survey Management	BillsCoverOthUse	Bills cover fuel for oth use (OTHERUSE)	OTHERUSE	file7cbk.txt
584	Survey Management	HasSignAuthForm	Authorization form signed (SIGNFORM)	SIGNFORM	file7cbk.txt
585	Survey Management	BillsCoverOthHH	Bills cover fuel of other hh (TENANT)	TENANT	file7cbk.txt
Water Heating
	ACCESS Table Name	ACCESS Field Name	Field Name Caption	ASCII Variable Name	ASCII Questionnaire Codebook
586	Water Heating	EIAIDNum	DOE 4-digit identification number (DOEID)	DOEID	All Files
587	Water Heating	AuxH2OFuel	Aux water heating fuel (FAUXH2O)	FAUXH2O	file5cbk.txt
588	Water Heating	MainH2OFuel	Main water heating fuel (FUELH2O)	FUELH2O	file5cbk.txt
589	Water Heating	NumWeeklyBaths	Number of baths per week (SHOWERS)	SHOWERS	file5cbk.txt
590	Water Heating	UseAuxH2OFuel	Use aux water heating fuel (UAUXH2OF)	UAUXH2OF	file5cbk.txt
591	Water Heating	AgeofH2OSys	Age of hot water heater (WHEATAGE)	WHEATAGE	file5cbk.txt
592	Water Heating	H2OHeatOth	H wtr sys heats other units (WHEATOTH)	WHEATOTH	file5cbk.txt
593	Water Heating	H2OTankSize	Size of water heater tank (WHEATSIZ)	WHEATSIZ	file5cbk.txt
Wood Usage Characteristics –
	ACCESS Table Name	ACCESS Field Name	Field Name Caption	ASCII Variable Name	ASCII Questionnaire Codebook
594	Wood Usage Characteristics –	NumCordsBurned	Num cords burned past yr (CORDPLU1)	CORDPLU1	file6cbk.txt
595	Wood Usage Characteristics –	NumCordsGT21/2Burned	Num cords over 2 1/2 burned (CORDPLU2)	CORDPLU2	file6cbk.txt
596	Wood Usage Characteristics –	CordsBurned	Number Cords Burned (CORDS)	CORDS	file6cbk.txt
597	Wood Usage Characteristics –	EIAIDNum	DOE 4-digit identification number (DOEID)	DOEID	All Files
598	Wood Usage Characteristics –	UseWoodinHome	Household uses wood (USEWOOD)	USEWOOD	file6cbk.txt
599	Wood Usage Characteristics –	UseWoodforOth	Uses wood for other purpose (WDOTHER)	WDOTHER	file6cbk.txt
600	Wood Usage Characteristics –	HasBurnedWDPellets	Wood pellets burned (WDPELLET)	WDPELLET	file6cbk.txt
601	Wood Usage Characteristics –	HasBurnedWDScraps	Wood scraps burned (WDSCRAP)	WDSCRAP	file6cbk.txt
602	Wood Usage Characteristics –	UseWoodforHeat	Uses wood to heat home (WDWARM)	WDWARM	file6cbk.txt
603	Wood Usage Characteristics –	UseWoodforH2O	Uses wood to heat water (WDWATER)	WDWATER	file6cbk.txt
604	Wood Usage Characteristics –	AmtWDBurned	Amt of wood burned past yr (WOODAMT)	WOODAMT	file6cbk.txt
605	Wood Usage Characteristics –	HasBurnedWDLogs	Wood logs burned (WOODLOGS)	WOODLOGS	file6cbk.txt

FIELDNAMES and PRIMARY KEYS

Only one fieldname is common to each table: EIAEIAIDNum. This primary key fieldname represents the unique 4-digit identification number that EIA uses to identify a household record. Every attempt has been made to ensure an easy transition to the use of an ACCESS97-based public use file. Fieldnames have been renamed in "English" to guide the data user. In addition, captions for all fieldnames are available in the ACCESS97 file. These captions represent a 40-character definition of the fieldname. If this guidance is not sufficient for your data needs, then it is suggested that you employ the ASCII version of the public use files, along with the specified codebooks.

HOW TO USE WEIGHTS

The RECS sample was designed so that survey responses could be used to estimate characteristics of the national stock of occupied housing units. In order to arrive at national estimates from the RECS sample, base sampling weights for each housing unit, which were the reciprocal of the probability of that building being selected into the sample, were calculated. Therefore, a housing unit with a base weight of 10,000 represents itself and 9,999 similar, but unsampled housing units in the total stock of occupied residential housing units. The base weight is further adjusted to account for nonresponse bias. Finally, ratio adjustments were used to ensure that the RECS weights add up to Current Population Survey estimates of the number of households. The fieldname FinalWeight in the data file is the final weight.

EXAMPLE 1: SINGLE RESPONSE: The respondent with EIAEIAIDNum = 5198 has FinalWeight = 8,064. Hence this respondent represents a total of 8,064 households. The respondent used 820 gallons (EstFOPurGal = 820) of fuel oil. Hence, the respondent contributed 820 times 8,064 = 6,600,000 gallons to the estimated national total fuel oil consumption.
EXAMPLE 2: USING FinalWeight TO ESTIMATE NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS: There were 710, out of the 5,900 RECS respondents, that used fuel oil in their homes (UseFOinHome = Yes). Most, but not all, of these households use fuel oil for space heating. The sum of FinalWeightover these 710 cases is 9,957,479. Hence, the estimated number of households that use fuel oil is 10,000,000.
EXAMPLE 3: USING FinalWeight TO ESTIMATE PERCENTAGE OF HOUSEHOLDS: The sum of FinalWeight over all 5,900 cases is 101,481,171. This is also an estimate of the total number of households as of July 1997. Hence, the estimated percent of households that use fuel oil (for any use in the home) is (9,957,479/101,481,171) times 100 equals 9.8 percent.
EXAMPLE 4: USING FinalWeight TO ESTIMATE TOTAL CONSUMPTION: To estimate the total fuel oil consumption, multiply FinalWeight times EstFOPurGal for the 710 cases where fuel oil is used in the home (UseFOinHome = 1), then sum the product over the cases whereUseFOinHome = Yes. The resulting estimate is 7,273,294,433 gallons. This should be rounded to 7.3 billion gallons or 7,273 million gallons.
EXAMPLE 5: USING FinalWeight TO ESTIMATE AVERAGE CONSUMPTION: The sum of FinalWeight over cases where UseFOinHome = Yes is 9,957,479. Hence the estimated average fuel oil consumption, in homes that use fuel oil, is 7,273,294,433/9,957,479 = 730 gallons.

MAIL RESPONSES

If the field interviewers were not successful in obtaining a personal interview, a short mail questionnaire was mailed to the housing unit. Fieldnames not on the mail questionnaire were then imputed for the housing unit using a hot deck procedure. There were 181 observations obtained via a mail questionnaire. These 181 records can be identified using the fieldname MailCodes.

FUEL USAGE INDICATORS

The fieldnames UseELinHome, UseFOinHome, UseKeroinHome, UseLPGinHome, and UseUgasinHome are indicator variables for the use electricity, fuel oil, kerosene, LPG, and natural gas in the housing unit. They are on three files. They were obtained using section H of the questionnaire and they are indicator variables that equal Yes if the households uses the corresponding fuel and No otherwise. These indicator values are used to remove the household records from the ACCESS97 file. Note: A "–" sign following a table name (i.e., a suffix) denotes a table with a record number of less than 5,900 housing units. A subset of the records are presented because the eliminated records are not applicable for the table. For example, only households that use the fuel kerosene are include in the Kerosene Usage Characteristicstable. Such modifications minimize the size of the ACCESS97 file while maintaining the analytical content of the RECS data. Field values tha are blank are considered not applicable for that field name. Iin the case where a second refrigerator is not applicable to the household, for example, blank values have been place into the corresponding second refrigerator field name values.

HOW ARE THE FIELDNAMES THAT BEGIN WITH A FlagforZ DIFFERENT FROM THE NON-FlagforZ VARIABLES?

The "FlagforZ fieldnames" are also referred to as "imputation flags." Imputation is a statistical procedure used to fill in missing values for respondents that are otherwise considered to be complete. Missing values for many, but not all, of the fieldnames were imputed in 1997. The imputation flag indicates whether the corresponding non-Z fieldname was based upon reported data (FlagforZ fieldname = No) or was imputed (FlagforZ fieldname = Yes). There are no corresponding "Z fieldnames" for fieldnames from the RECS questionnaire that were not imputed, fieldnames where there was no missing data, and fieldnames that are not from the questionnaire.

HOW IS THE SURVEY RESPONDENT'S CONFIDENTIALITY PROTECTED?

In addition, values for HDDtobase651-97to12-97, CDDtobase651-97to12-97, ELRatelocal, and UgasRate were altered slightly to mask the exact geographic location of the housing unit.

DOWNLOAD THE ACCESS Office 97 or Office 2000 FILES

Uncompressed	Compressed
Unzipped ACCESS97 File (40 Megs)	Zipped ACCESS97 File (5 Megs)
Unzipped ACCESS 2000 File (40 Megs)	Zipped ACCESS 2000 File (5 Megs)

Specific questions on this product may be directed to:

Chip Berry
James.Berry@eia.gov
RECS Survey Manager
Phone: (202) 586-5543
Fax: (202) 586-0018

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Methodology
Data Quality

1997 Survey Methods

The Residential Energy Consumption Survey (RECS) was designed by the Energy Information Administration (EIA) to provide information about energy consumption within the residential sector. The RECS is conducted in two major parts: the Household Survey and the Energy Suppliers Survey. The Household Survey collects information about the housing unit through personal interviews with a representative national sample of households. The Rental-Agent Survey is an adjunct to the Household Survey and is used to verify information provided by renters in the Household Survey. In the Energy Suppliers Survey, data concerning actual energy consumption are obtained from household billing records maintained by the energy suppliers. The data are collected by questionnaires mailed to all the suppliers for the households in the Household Survey. This electronic report is based on the results of the Household Survey. A later report, Household Energy Consumption and Expenditures 1997, will present the results of the Energy Suppliers Survey. A subcontractor to EIA was used to collect and process the 1997 RECS. Click for copies of the data collection forms for the Household Survey and the adjunct Rental-Agent Survey.

This appendix contains detailed information about the sample design, Household Survey, its adjunct Rental Agent Survey, and confidentiality of the survey information.

Sample Design

The sample design for the 1997 RECS was based on the design used for the 1993 RECS. The universe for this sample design includes all housing units occupied as the primary residence in the 50 States and the District of Columbia. The RECS does not cover vacant housing units, seasonal units, nor second homes. Households on military installations are included. The definition of household is the same as that used by the U. S. Bureau of the Census. In RECS, by definition, the number of households is the same as the number of occupied primary housing units and these terms are used interchangeably. The universe was estimated to contain 101,481,000 households based on extrapolations from Current Population Survey (CPS) estimates at the time of the 1997 RECS (July 1997). This definition excludes group quarters such as military barracks, dormitories, and nursing homes, which are considered to be out-of-scope. It should be noted that the separation time between the estimates for 1993 and 1997 was 4 years, instead of the 2-2/3 years between the 1990 and 1993 estimates. Estimates of annual change need to take this difference into account.

The overall plan for the 1997 RECS included a basic sample of approximately 5,000 completed household interviews, plus a supplemental sample totaling approximately 800 completed interviews. The basic sample was designed to represent the total population of households in the United States, with specified levels of precision for each of the nine geographically defined Census divisions. The supplemental sample, included in the plan to meet special analytical needs, was designed to provide disproportionately large samples of households living below the poverty level, particularly those using electricity, fuel oil, or kerosene as the main space-heating fuel.

Multistage Area Probability Sample

In a multistage area probability sample design, the universe is broken up into successively smaller, statistically selected areas. The process starts with the selection of primary sampling units (PSUs) and ends with the selection of individual households.

Primary Sampling Units (PSUs)

PSUs are either metropolitan areas containing a central city of 50,000 or larger population, or they are counties or groups of counties containing small cities and rural areas. In the sample design used for the 1997 RECS, the total land area of the 50 States and the District of Columbia was divided into 1,786 PSUs. These PSUs were based on county and independent city boundaries and on Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs) as defined in June 1990.

The primary mode of stratification of PSUs was by the nine Census divisions. Strata were separately defined within Census divisions for four populous States (California, Florida, New York, and Texas) and for two States with unique weather conditions (Alaska and Hawaii). Stratification was also based on MSA or nonMSA status of PSUs and, to the extent feasible, on dominant residential space-heating fuel and weather conditions. PSUs were grouped into 116 strata with one PSU selected from each strata. The PSUs that were selected for the 1993 RECS were also used for the 1997 RECS.

Secondary Sampling Units (SSUs)

A number of SSUs, usually eight or more, were selected in each PSU. SSUs consisted of one or more Census blocks, selected directly from Census statistics. Blocks were combined, as necessary, to create SSUs that contained at least 50 housing units.

The 1997 RECS sample design completed the redesign effort that started with the 1993 RECS. The SSUs used for the 1997 RECS were either the SSUs selected in the redesign effort or were SSUs selected as part of a new construction update procedure.

The starting point for the SSU new construction update procedure was the set of SSUs selected for the 1993 RECS. The first step was to expand the 1993 SSUs. A new construction update procedure was used to determine if significant new construction--defined as groups of 50 or more housing units--had occurred within the expanded SSUs since 1993. This was based on a canvass, primarily by telephone, of local sources of information, such as building-permit-issuing agencies, zoning boards, and tax offices. If no significant new construction had occurred, the SSU selected for the 1993 RECS was used for the 1997 RECS. If significant new construction had occurred, rough counts of the number of housing units by block were obtained for the expanded SSU, the expanded SSU was divided into segments, and a segment was selected. The selected segment was then used as the SSU for the 1997 RECS.

The detailed field listings of all housing units in the 1997 RECS SSUs were either carried over from the 1993 RECS or were created by field workers who visited the SSUs and identified each housing unit by street address, apartment number, or other obvious features. New field listings were necessary for SSUs in PSUs where the redesign effort was not completed for the 1993 RECS and for SSUs where significant new construction was found in the corresponding expanded SSU. A penultimate cluster of approximately 50 housing units was selected from each SSU.

Addresses of these housing units were placed in a database used for actual sample selection.

Sample Selection--Ultimate Clusters

Specific addresses chosen from each of the field listings comprised the ultimate clusters of the 1997 RECS sample. An ultimate cluster of housing units to be contacted for interview (averaging 5.6 housing units for the 1997 RECS) was randomly selected by computer from the penultimate cluster; these housing units constituted the assignments given to interviewers.

Population of Special Interest

The 1997 survey featured a supplemental sample of low-income households designed to be merged with the main RECS sample and to meet special analytical needs of the Office of Family Assistance, Family Support Administration (FSA), U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The FSA is interested in households living below the poverty level.

Procedures for over-sampling this population were based on interviewer observations during the field listing of SSUs. Interviewers were instructed to rate the general income level of each block in the listing segment based on their observations and their general knowledge of the area. Interviewers placed each listing segment into one of four groups: Wealthy (highest 25 percent); Upper-Middle Class (second quartile); Lower-Middle Class (third quartile); or Poor or Near Poor (lowest 25 percent). Whenever possible, interviewers also recorded main heating fuel for each listing segment. Households in the Lower-Middle Class and Poor or Near Poor categories were sampled at a higher rate.

It is not possible to divide the sample into the main sample and supplemental sample, but it is possible to estimate how many observations of various types were added as a result of the supplemental low-income sample.

An estimated 808 interviews were completed in the households selected as part of the low-income supplement. Some 31.8 percent of completed interviews in the supplemental sample were with households living below the poverty level, compared with 14.5 percent of completed interviews in the main sample. The number of households below the Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP) level were 57.3 percent of the supplemental sample and 34.1 percent of the main sample.

Household Survey

A complete RECS interview consists of data for a completed household questionnaire and a signed Authorization Form. The large majority of interviews were completed via a Computer Assisted Personal Interviewing (CAPI) system. The survey instrument was programmed by EIA personnel using the BLAISE software system. The paper version of the survey instrument can be found in Form EIA-457A, "Household Questionnaire." Because of early technical problems, some of the initial interviews had to be completed using the paper version of the questionnaire. At the end of each interview, the household respondent was asked to sign an Authorization Form. The signed Authorization Form gave permission for EIA's subcontractor to obtain the housing unit's energy bills from each supplier of energy.

A total of 8,310 housing units were selected to participate in the 1997 RECS. Of these 8,310 households, 7,285 were determined to be eligible to participate. Completed interviews were obtained for 5,902 (81.0 percent) of these eligible households. This section describes the procedures involved in collecting the completed interviews.

Conducting the Interviews

Interviewer Training

In April 1997, two separate three-day training sessions were held in Washington, DC. These sessions were attended by approximately 220 interviewers. Each session was led by a group of trainers who had attended a four-day trainers' workshop in Rockville, MD. All training sessions were monitored by Department of Energy staff.

The Interviewers

A total of 214 interviewers completed one or more personal interviews for this study. Seventy-five interviewers (35 percent) had completed interviews during a prior RECS. The remainder were conducting their first RECS but had prior interviewing experience, either with other survey research organizations or with the U.S. Bureau of the Census.

Interviewers conducted an average of 27 interviews. Four interviewers completed fewer than seven interviews each, with an average of three per interviewer. Fifteen interviewers completed 50 or more interviews each, with an average of 58 per interviewer. Twenty percent of the personal interviews were verified by telephone or mail to ensure that interviews were conducted as intended.

The Interview

Household interviews were conducted with the householder or the householder's spouse and, on average, lasted 29 minutes; nearly 80 percent of the interviews lasted between 15 and 45 minutes. The questions covered energy-related features of the household, such as the type of heating and cooling systems, the fuels used for heating and cooling, household appliances and their usage, the receipt of government assistance for the cost of heating, and demographic data on household members.

Data Collection Dates

Approximately three-quarters of the personal interviews were completed between the middle of April and the middle of June 1997. Ninety-nine percent of the entire sample was completed by mid-August. In a few sample locations with low response rates, interviewing continued through August. In late August, an abbreviated, self-administered version of the household questionnaire was mailed to 1,421 sample households who still had not completed a personal interview. A total of 181 usable mail questionnaires were returned by the end of September 1997. A mail questionnaire was considered usable if the respondent had completed the majority of the questionnaire and the Authorization Form was signed. A follow-up contact was made with all respondents who completed a personal interview and reported paying for at least one fuel but did not complete an authorization form. Attempts were made to secure signed authorization forms from approximately 570 respondents. This follow-up continued through January 1998 and resulted in an additional 95 signed authorization forms.

Data Collection Procedures

In an effort to minimize nonresponse and, therefore, maximize the validity of the survey data, a multiwave, multicontact approach was employed. Before the initial personal contacts, a letter stressing the purpose and importance of the survey was sent to each household with a street address. Beginning in April 1997, interviewers made several callbacks at different times of the day, throughout the week, in an effort to minimize the number of uncontacted households. The interviewers also queried neighbors regarding the most opportune times to contact the prospective respondent.

After initial attempts to complete interviews at the selected housing units were exhausted, field supervisors determined which cases would be reassigned to another interviewer. Types of noninterview households that were reassigned included cases where the householder refused to participate and cases where the householder was not available or not at home. Types of noninterview households that were not reassigned included cases where the householder would be unable to complete an interview during the field period due to absence or illness and cases where the household had moved after the initial contact. Reassignments continued throughout the field period.

Mail follow-up attempts were made at households that had not completed a personal interview. An abbreviated, self-administered version of the questionnaire was mailed to these households with a letter asking that they return the completed questionnaire in the business reply envelope provided. The mailing also included a copy of the Authorization Form for the respondents to fill out and sign. A pen was included with the mailing as an incentive.

After all data collection attempts (both personal interview and the mailed questionnaire), 1,383 households or 19.0 percent of all eligible housing units had not responded.

Table A1 provides a summary of the data collection activities.

Table A1. Data Collection Response Summary for the 1997 RECS

Units	Mathematical Operand	Subtotals	Totals
Selected Sample Units			8,310
Out-of-Scope Units	minus (-)		135
Housing Units	equals (=)		8,175
Ineligible Units	minus (-)		890
Eligible Units (or number contacted)	equals (=)		7,285
Not Completed:
No One Home		360
Refused		951
Other		253
Subtotal Not Completed	minus (-)		1,564
Total Interviews Completed	equals (=)		5,721
Mail Questionnaires Completed	plus (+)		181
Total Responses	equals (=)		5,902
Sources: Energy Information Administration, 1997 Residential Energy Consumption Survey (RECS).

Response Rates and Household Characteristics

Various response and nonresponse rates were compared across Census region, urban status, and housing structure type. Personal interviewers were most successful in the South (81.1 percent) and the Midwest (80.2 percent), in rural areas (85.0 percent), and in single-family and mobile homes (80.5 percent). Conversely, the interviewers had their lowest success rates in the Northeast (73.1 percent), in urban and suburban areas (76.4 percent combined), and in buildings with five or more residential units (72.1 percent). However, when comparing these groups, it is important to remember that their characteristics are not necessarily independent. For example, apartment buildings are concentrated in urban areas.

The total response-rate patterns generally were not affected by including the mailed-questionnaire responses. However, response rates for the mail efforts tended to be higher where the refusal rate to the personal interview was higher.

Data Editing

Data for completed interviews were transferred to the main server at the survey contractor's headquarters via modem. The data were then sent to the survey subcontractor's headquarters for further processing. All paperwork was mailed to the survey subcontractor's headquarters. The paperwork, including the Housing Unit Record Sheet (HURS), the Authorization Form, and the Housing Unit Address Lists were reviewed to ensure that all forms had been completed correctly and that the correct housing unit had been interviewed.

Edits were programmed into the Household Questionnaire and this resulted in far fewer missing data items than in previous surveys. See Appendix B, "Survey Estimates and Data Quality," for more information on this topic.

The subcontractor attempted to resolve inconsistencies or ambiguities in the data by referencing interviewer notes and other parts of the questionnaire. When these efforts failed to resolve important problems, particularly those involving heating fuels or heating equipment and/or relationships between questionnaire responses, the subcontractor made a follow-up telephone contact with the rental agent or with a member of the household in question.

Rental-Agent Survey

The Rental-Agent Survey is an adjunct to the Household Survey and is used to verify information furnished by certain RECS households on fuels used, main heating equipment, how fuels are paid for, and other energy-related topics. Telephone interviews were conducted using Form EIA-457C, "Rental Agents, Landlords, and Apartment Managers Telephone Survey," with the rental agents and landlords of the following types of RECS households: households that did not pay for their fuels, households who paid a third party for their fuel and who rent their living quarters or own and occupy living quarters in a multiunit building.

The interviews with rentals agents or their representatives were conducted in early fall 1997. Altogether, 186 landlords or rental agents were interviewed; these interviews covered 382 households. These 382 households represented 59 percent of the 650 total households who were eligible for inclusion in the Rental Agent Survey.

Comparisons were made between rental agents' and household respondents' reports on their building's year of construction; main space-heating and water-heating fuels; main space-heating equipment; fuel for cooking range; central air-conditioning information; and how the fuels for all of these uses are paid for. Each discrepancy was examined and changes were made to the household data whenever it was judged that the rental agent was more knowledgeable than the household respondent on the different items of information.

Generally, the person who paid for a specific fuel for a specific use was deemed the more knowledgeable person. However, error resolutions were made only after careful examination and consideration of all available sources of information including the rental-agent questionnaire, the household questionnaire, and questionnaires of other households located in the same building. Landlords and rental agents were usually judged more knowledgeable about the year the building was built and the type of main heating equipment; household respondents were typically deemed more reliable sources concerning central air-conditioning and fuel for cooking range.

Confidentiality of Information

EIA does not receive nor take possession of the names or addresses of individual respondents or any other individually identifiable energy data that could be specifically linked with a household respondent; the data are collected for statistical purposes only. All names and addresses and identifiable information are maintained by the survey subcontractor for verification purposes only. The household records that are placed on the public-use data file do not have name or address information. Additional measures have been taken to mask the data for further confidentiality protection. Unlike other EIA surveys, the consumption surveys pledge confidentiality to their respondents.

1997 Data Quality

All the statistics published in this report are estimates of population values, such as the number of households using natural gas. These estimates are based on a randomly chosen subset of the entire population of households. The universe includes all households in the 50 States and the District of Columbia, including households on military installations.

The two major types of nonresponse are unit nonresponse and item nonresponse. Unit nonresponse occurs when a sampled household does not participate in the survey. Item nonresponse occurs when a particular item of interest is missing from a completed questionnaire. The next two sections provide details on the procedures followed for each type of nonresponse.

Adjustments for Unit Nonresponse

Weight adjustment was used to reduce unit nonresponse bias in the survey statistics. Weights were calculated for each sample household. The household weight reflected the selection probability for that household and additional adjustments. These adjustments included correcting for potential biases arising from the failure to list all housing units in the sample area and failure to contact all sample housing units. Contacts were unsuccessful with 19.0 percent of the eligible units.

Six factors are used in the processing of Residential Energy Consumption Survey (RECS) results to develop an overall weight for each household for which a completed questionnaire, either a personal interview or mailed questionnaire, is obtained. The factors are the basic weight, a noninterview adjustment, a first-stage ratio estimate, and three second-stage ratio adjustments. The overall household weight is the product of these six factors.

The Basic Weight

The basic weight is calculated and applied to households at the Secondary Sampling Unit (SSU) level.

Basic Weight = 1/ (Probability of Selection)

For the 1997 RECS, all households in the same SSU had the same probability of selection and hence the same basic weight.

The Noninterview Adjustment

The noninterview adjustment factor (NIAF) compensates for nonresponse households and for nonhousehold units that were identified during the survey. Basically, this adjustment reflects the ratio of the number of completed and uncompleted responses among those selected to the number of completed responses. Since the probabilities of selection are constant within an SSU for 1997, these adjustments were applied at the SSU level.

The NIAF is computed at the SSU and is equal to:

(Total Completed Plus Uncompleted Responses in the SSU / (Completed Responses in the SSU)

If the ratio exceeds 2.0, then the NIAF is set equal to 2.0 and the NIAFs for SSUs in the same Primary Sampling Unit (PSU) and with the same metropolitan status are increased.

The First-Stage Ratio Adjustment Factors

The primary purpose of the first-stage adjustment factor is to reduce the sampling variation in the estimates of the number of housing units by main space-heating fuel resulting from sampling of PSUs during the first stage of the sample design. The correlation between main space-heating fuel and other important energy-related characteristics implies that this adjustment will also reduce the sampling variation for many important variables collected for the RECS.

In some cases, a single PSU comprising all or part of a large metropolitan area was large enough in population to be a stratum by itself. PSUs of this type are called Self-Representing (SR) PSUs because the sample from each SR PSU represents only that PSU. The first-stage ratio adjustment factor was 1.0 for all observations in SR PSUs.

In other strata, one PSU was selected from among two or more PSUs in the stratum. Each of the PSUs selected from these strata is called a Non-Self-Representing (NSR) PSU because each such PSU represents not only itself; it also represents the unselected PSUs in the stratum.

The 1990 Census data were used to determine the difference between the distribution of the main space-heating fuel in the set of selected NSR PSUs and the distribution in the set of all PSUs (selected and unselected) in the strata from which the NSR PSUs are selected. Fuels are under-represented if the percentage of households using the fuel is lower in the selected NSR PSUs than the percentage in the set of all PSUs in the NSR strata. Fuels are over-represented if the opposite occurs. The weights for the responding households in NSR PSUs are adjusted upward when their main space-heating fuel is under-represented and the weights are adjusted downward when it is over-represented.

The Second-Stage Ratio Adjustments

The second-stage ratio adjustments are used to improve the accuracy of the estimates of the number of households using data obtained from the Bureau of the Census as control totals. The RECS can be used to produce an estimate of the number of households in the country, but the Bureau of the Census produces much more accurate estimates. Improving the accuracy of the data on the number of households also improves the accuracy of almost all other estimates obtained from the RECS. The first priority is the accuracy of estimates for the number of households for the nine Census divisions and for the four largest States. The second priority is the accuracy of estimates for the number of households for three demographic cells (multiperson households, single-member female households, and single-member male households).

The ratio adjustment process was carried out in three steps. In step one, the population was divided into 15 geographical cells. (Hawaii and Alaska were treated as separate cells because their climate is different than the rest of the country.) Control totals giving the number of households in each cell were derived from Current Population Survey results. A ratio adjustment equal to the control total divided by the weighted count using the weights after the first-stage ratio adjustment was created. Multiplying the weights after the first-stage ratio adjustment by the ratio yields the new weights which, when summed, equal the control totals for the 15 cells. This calculation yielded a weighted total number of households equal to 101,481,000. Refer to Table B1 for estimates for each of the 15 geographical areas.

The third step is the same as the first step except that the input weights are those resulting from the second step. This produced a set of weights whose sum reproduced the 15 geographic cell control totals and yielded estimates that are quite close to the control totals for the three demographic cells.

**Table B1. Control Totals for Ratio Adjustment of Sampling in the 1997 RECS**
Location	Thousands of Households
New England	5,310
Middle Atlantic (minus New York State)	7,597
East North Central	16,907
West North Central	7,153
South Atlantic (minus Florida)	12,764
East South Central	6,344
West South Central (minus Texas)	3,876
Mountain	6,179
Pacific (minus Alaska, California, and Hawaii)	3, 532
New York	6,827
Florida	5,929
Texas	6,964
California	11,484
Alaska	229
Hawaii	386
Total United States	101,481
Source: EIA's linear extrapolation from U.S. Bureau of the Census, 1996 and 1997 Current Population Survey.

Adjustments for Item Nonresponse

Item nonresponse occurs when respondents do not know the answer or refuse to answer a question, or when an interviewer does not ask a question or does not record an answer. The incidence of the latter, the interviewer not asking and/or not recording the answer, was greatly reduced by the use of Computer Assisted Personal Interviewing (CAPI). The majority of nonresponse was due to interviewers recording answers of "Don't Know" and "Refused." Some item nonresponse was due to programming problems in the questionnaire. Table B2 lists the most frequently imputed items in the 1997 RECS.

The number of item imputations for the 181 households receiving mail questionnaires was considerable, since these questionnaires contained only a small subset of questions from the household interview. For the mail questionnaires, a modified hot-deck imputation method was used. A hot-deck matrix was created for mail questionnaires and personal-interview households using Census region, type of housing unit structure, space-heating fuel, water-heating fuel, and presence and type of air-conditioning. Whenever possible, a donor personal-interview household was chosen for each mail questionnaire household from the same cell of the hot-deck matrix. For 90 percent of the mail questionnaires, donors matched on all hot-deck variables.

**Table B2. Household Questionnaire Items Most Frequently Imputed in the 1997 RECS**
Imputed Item	Cases Imputed	Percentage of Total Samplea (5,721)	Method of Imputing	Question Number on Questionnaire
Income in past 12 months	1,016	17.8	Hot deck	J-14a
Year home was built	395	6.9	Hot deck	A-15a
Age of water-heating equipment	348	6.1	Deductive/Hot deck	E-4
Way household used central AC equipment	297	5.2	Hot deck	F-6a
Number of children between the ages of 1 and 12	250	4.4	Hot deck	J-1e
Number of infants under the age of 1	238	4.2	Hot deck	J-1d
Way household used Window/Wall AC equipment	149	2.6	Hot deck	F-11
Use programmable or manual features of thermostat	126	2.2	Hot deck	F-6b
Fuel used to heat hot water	122	2.1	Hot deck	E-1
Electricity shut off because bill was not paid	120	2.1	Hot deck	K-4
Could not use heat because ran out of bulk fuel	120	2.1	Hot deck	K-5a
Could not use heat because utility fuel shut off	199	2.1	Hot deck	K-5b
Could not use heat because equipment broken	119	2.1	Hot deck	K-5c
Amount of heat provided by main heating equipment	108	1.9	Hot deck	D-6
Type of self-cleaning oven	104	1.8	Hot deck	B-3
Received employment income in last 12 months	103	1.8	Hot deck	K-1a
Received retirement income in last 12 months	103	1.8	Hot deck	K-1b
Received cash benefits in last 12 months	103	1.8	Hot deck	K-1c
Received non-cash benefits in last 12 months	103	1.8	Hot deck	K-1d
Government help in paying home heating costs	102	1.8	Hot deck	K-2a
Government help in paying home cooling costs	102	1.8	Hot deck	K-2b
Government help in paying other home energy costs	102	1.8	Hot deck	K-2c
Amount of wood burning in past 12 months	97	1.7	Hot deck	H-7d
Age of householder	93	1.6	Allocative	J-9
Amount of heating assistance received	82	1.4	Hot deck	K-3d
Mailed interviews are not included in the percentage. To account for these, add 3 percentage points to the percentage points given. Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-457 A of the 1997 Residential Energy Consumption Survey (RECS). RECS Public Use Data Files.

The use of CAPI techniques allowed EIA to program skip patterns, edit checks, and range checks into the questionnaire. As a result, the quality of the data collected during the interview improved and the amount of time needed to edit and clean the data was reduced. Some of this improvement can be attributed to the fact that the 1997 RECS questionnaire was shorter than the 1993 RECS questionnaire. But the switch to CAPI did result in cleaner data. For example, the data collected during the paper and pencil interviews for the 1993 RECS resulted in 40 variables with more than 100 cases where there were missing data. On the other hand, the data collected during the CAPI interviews for the 1997 RECS resulted in only 22 variables with more than 100 cases where there were missing data.

The questions on both income and year home was built have resulted in a substantial amount of missing data for each RECS. The 1997 RECS was no exception. The large amount of missing data for the age of the water-heating equipment, the number of children, and the number of infants was caused by errors in the skip patterns in the CAPI questionnaire. The plans the 1997 RECS questionnaire included a question concerning the use of evaporative or swamp coolers in housing units located in hot, dry areas of the country and a question concerning the use of automobile block heaters in cold areas of the country, but errors in the skip patterns forced the CAPI instrument to skip these questions for all households.

Quality of Specific Data Items

Housing Unit Type

There is a fine line between the definitions of various types of housing units. The distinction between a single-family attached unit and a unit in an apartment building is particularly complex. The collection and editing of the data on housing type changed from the paper-and-pencil questionnaire for the 1993 RECS to the CAPI questionnaire for the 1997 RECS. The change in the data collection and editing procedures may have contributed to changes in the survey results. For example, the estimated number of occupied single-family attached units increased from 7.3 million for the 1993 RECS to 10.0 million for the 1997 RECS. Conversely, the number of occupied housing units in buildings with two to four units decreased from 8.0 million for the 1993 RECS to 5.6 million for the 1997 RECS.

Programmable (Set-Back or Clock) Thermostats

The 1993 and 1997 RECS both contained questions on the presence of a programmable thermostat. In both surveys, the thermostats were referred to as "set-back or clock thermostats," but not programmable thermostats. For the 1993 RECS, the question was placed in the section on conservation measures and usage (following questions on insulation, weather stripping, and caulking). For the 1997 RECS, it was placed in the space-heating section, immediately following the question on the presence of a thermostat. The 1997 RECS also included a question that asked respondents if they programmed the thermostat or used the manual features. Based on the 1993 RECS, an estimated 10.8 million households had programmable thermostats in 1993. Based on the 1997 RECS, an estimated 33.1 million households had programmable thermostats in 1997. Of these 33.1 million, an estimated 10.2 million programmed their thermostats and an estimated 22.9 million used the manual features.

The large increase in the number of housing units with programmable thermostats from 1993 to 1997 is questionable. The change in the placement of the question may have contributed to the large change in the survey results. In addition, the question concerning programmed versus manual use of the thermostats may have changed how the interviewers coded the question on the presence of a programmable thermostat.

Estimation of Sampling Error

Sampling error is the random difference between a survey estimate and an actual population value. It occurs because the survey estimate is calculated from a randomly chosen subset of the entire population. The sampling error averaged over all possible samples would be zero, but there is only one sample for the 1997 RECS. Therefore, the sampling error is not zero and is unknown for the 1997 RECS sample. However, the sample design permits sampling errors to be estimated. This section describes how the sampling errors were estimated and how they were made available to readers of this report who are interested in the precision of the estimates in this report.

Throughout this report, standard errors are given as percents of their estimated values; that is, as relative standard errors (RSE). The RSE is also known as the coefficient of variation.

For a given population parameter Y that is estimated by the survey statistic Y, the relative standard error of Y, RSE(Y), and standard error of Y, S(Y), are given by:

RSE(Y) = [S(Y)/Y] × 100.

S(Y) = [RSE(Y)/100] × Y.

For some surveys, a convenient algebraic formula for computing variances can be obtained. However, the RECS used a multistage area sample design of such complexity (see Appendix A, "How the Survey Was Conducted") that it is virtually impossible to construct an exact algebraic expression for estimating variances. In particular, convenient formulas based on an assumption of simple random sampling, typical of most standard statistical packages, are inappropriate for the RECS estimates. Such formulas tend to give low values for standard errors, making the estimates appear much more accurate than is the case. Instead, the method used to estimate sampling variances for this survey was balanced half-sample replication. The balanced half-sample replication method involves calculating the value for a statistic using the full sample and calculating the value for each of a systematic set of half samples. (Each half sample contains approximately one-half of the observations contained in the full sample.) The variance is estimated using the differences between the value of the statistic calculated using the full sample and the values of the statistic calculated using each of the half samples.

Generalized Variances

For every estimate in this report, the RSE was computed by the balanced half-sample replication method. This RSE was used for any statistical tests or confidence intervals given in the text, or to determine if the estimate was too inaccurate to publish (RSE greater than 50 percent).

Space limitations prevent publishing the complete set of RSEs with this document. Instead, a generalized variance technique is provided, by which the reader can compute an approximate RSE for each of the estimates in the detailed tables. For the statistic in the ith row and jth column of a particular table, the approximate RSE is given by:

  RSE(i,j) = R(i) × C(j)

where R(i) is the RSE row factor given in the last column of row i, and C(j) is the RSE column factor given at the top of column j. This value for the relative standard error can be used to construct confidence intervals and to perform hypothesis tests by standard statistical methods. However, because the generalized variance procedure gives only approximate RSEs, such confidence intervals and statistical tests must also be regarded as only approximate.

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