News Release Information
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Thursday, May 17, 2012
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OCCUPATIONAL EMPLOYMENT AND WAGES IN HONOLULU
May 2011
Workers in the Honolulu Metropolitan Statistical Area had an average (mean) hourly wage of $22.11 in May 2011, about 2 percent above the nationwide average of $21.74, according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Regional Commissioner Richard J. Holden noted that, after testing for statistical significance, wages in the local area were significantly higher than their respective national averages in 11 of the 22 major occupational groups, including construction and extraction; healthcare practitioners and technical; and installation, maintenance, and repair. Six groups had significantly lower wages than their respective national averages, including management, legal, and computer and mathematical.
When compared to the nationwide distribution, local employment was more highly concentrated in 9 of the 22 occupational groups, including food preparation and serving related, building and grounds cleaning and maintenance, and protective service. Conversely, eight groups had employment shares significantly below their national representation, including production, office and administrative support, and healthcare practitioners and technical. (See table A and box note at end of release.)
Major occupational group | Percent of total employment | Mean hourly wage | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
United States | Honolulu | United States | Honolulu | Percent difference (1) | |
Total, all occupations |
100.0% | 100.0% | $21.74 | $22.11* | 2 |
Management |
4.8 | 5.7* | 51.64 | 44.56* | -14 |
Business and financial operations |
4.8 | 4.8 | 33.05 | 30.44* | -8 |
Computer and mathematical |
2.7 | 1.9* | 37.85 | 33.79* | -11 |
Architecture and engineering |
1.8 | 1.8 | 37.08 | 35.75 | -4 |
Life, physical, and social science |
0.8 | 1.0* | 32.44 | 33.62 | 4 |
Community and social services |
1.5 | 1.8* | 21.07 | 22.40* | 6 |
Legal |
0.8 | 0.7* | 47.30 | 42.00* | -11 |
Education, training, and library |
6.6 | 7.6* | 24.46 | 23.44 | -4 |
Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media |
1.3 | 1.7* | 25.89 | 22.65* | -13 |
Healthcare practitioner and technical |
5.9 | 4.9* | 34.97 | 40.59* | 16 |
Healthcare support |
3.1 | 2.6* | 13.16 | 15.04* | 14 |
Protective service |
2.5 | 3.6* | 20.54 | 18.28 | -11 |
Food preparation and serving related |
8.7 | 11.1* | 10.30 | 11.82* | 15 |
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance |
3.3 | 4.8* | 12.29 | 13.69* | 11 |
Personal care and service |
2.8 | 2.9 | 11.84 | 12.31 | 4 |
Sales and related |
10.6 | 10.1* | 18.04 | 15.99* | -11 |
Office and administrative support |
16.7 | 15.6* | 16.40 | 17.20* | 5 |
Farming, fishing, and forestry |
0.3 | 0.1* | 11.68 | 18.89* | 62 |
Construction and extraction |
3.9 | 4.4* | 21.46 | 30.07* | 40 |
Installation, maintenance, and repair |
3.9 | 3.8 | 20.86 | 24.45* | 17 |
Production |
6.5 | 2.5* | 16.45 | 18.21* | 11 |
Transportation and material moving |
6.7 | 6.5 | 15.96 | 18.81* | 18 |
Footnotes: |
One occupational group—food preparation and serving related—was chosen to illustrate the diversity of data available for any of the 22 major occupational categories. Honolulu had 47,180 jobs in food preparation and serving related, accounting for 11.1 percent of local area employment, significantly higher than the 8.7-percent share nationally. The average hourly wage for this occupational group locally was $11.82, measurably above the national wage of $10.30.
With employment of 12,320, combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food, was the largest occupation within the food preparation and serving related group, followed by waiters and waitresses (8,680) and food preparation workers (4,990). Among the higher paying jobs were chefs and head cooks, and first-line supervisors of food preparation and serving workers, with mean hourly wages of $23.90 and $17.03, respectively. At the lower end of the wage scale were fast food cooks ($9.39) and combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food ($9.49). (Detailed occupational data for food preparation and serving related are presented in table 1; for a complete listing of detailed occupations available go to www.bls.gov/oes/2011/may/oes_26180.htm.)
Location quotients allow us to explore the occupational make-up of a metropolitan area by comparing the composition of jobs in an area relative to the national average. (See table 1.) For example, a location quotient of 2.0 indicates that an occupation accounts for twice the share of employment in the area than it does nationally. In the Honolulu Metropolitan Statistical Area, above average concentrations of employment were found in many of the occupations within the food preparation and serving related group. For instance, dining room and cafeteria attendants and bartender helpers were employed at 2.2 times the national rate in Honolulu, and food preparation workers, at 1.9 times the U.S. average. On the other hand, restaurant cooks had a location quotient of 1.0 in Honolulu, indicating that this particular occupation’s local and national employment shares were similar.
These statistics are from the Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) survey, a federal-state cooperative program between BLS and State Workforce Agencies, in this case, the Hawaii Department of Labor & Industrial Relations. The OES survey provides estimates of employment and hourly and annual wages for wage and salary workers in 22 major occupational groups and nearly 800 non-military detailed occupations for the nation, states, metropolitan statistical areas, metropolitan divisions, and nonmetropolitan areas.
OES wage and employment data for the 22 major occupational groups in the Honolulu metropolitan statistical area were compared to their respective national averages based on statistical significance testing. Only those occupations with wages or employment shares above or below the national wage or share after testing for significance at the 90-percent confidence level meet the criteria. NOTE: A value that is statistically different from another does not necessarily mean that the difference has economic or practical significance. Statistical significance is concerned with the ability to make confident statements about a universe based on a sample. It is entirely possible that a large difference between two values is not significantly different statistically, while a small difference is, since both the size and heterogeneity of the sample affect the relative error of the data being tested. |
The Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) survey is a semiannual mail survey measuring occupational employment and wage rates for wage and salary workers in nonfarm establishments in the United States. Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands also are surveyed, but their data are not included in this release. OES estimates are constructed from a sample of about 1.2 million establishments. Forms are mailed to approximately 200,000 establishments in May and November of each year for a 3-year period. The nationwide response rate for the May 2011 survey was 77.3 percent based on establishments and 73.3 percent based on employment. May 2011 estimates are based on responses from six semiannual panels collected over a 3-year period: May 2011, November 2010, May 2010, November 2009, May 2009, and November 2008. The sample in the Honolulu Metropolitan Statistical Area included 3,357 establishments with a response rate of 68 percent. For more information about OES concepts and methodology, go to www.bls.gov/news.release/ocwage.tn.htm.
The May 2011 OES estimates mark the first set of estimates based in part on data collected using the 2010 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. Nearly all the occupations in this release are 2010 SOC occupations; however, some are not. The May 2012 OES data will reflect the full set of detailed occupations in the 2010 SOC. For a list of all occupations, including 2010 SOC occupations, and how data collected on two structures were combined, see the OES Frequently Asked Questions online at www.bls.gov/oes/oes_ques.htm#Ques41.
Area definitions
The substate area data published in this release reflect the standards and definitions established by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget.
The Honolulu, Hawaii Metropolitan Statistical Area  includes Honolulu County.
Additional information
OES data are available on our regional web page at www.bls.gov/ro9/home.htm. If you have additional questions, contact the San Francisco Economic Analysis and Information Unit at (415) 625-2270. Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 202-691-5200; TDD message referral phone number: 1-800-877-8339.
Occupation (1) | Employment | Mean wages | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Level (2) | Location quotient (3) | Hourly | Annual(4) | |
Food Preparation and Serving Related Occupations | 47,180 | 1.3 | $11.82 | $24,590 |
Chefs and Head Cooks | 990 | 3.3 | 23.90 | 49,710 |
First-Line Supervisors of Food Preparation and Serving Workers | 2,960 | 1.1 | 17.03 | 35,420 |
Cooks, Fast Food | 1,060 | 0.6 | 9.39 | 19,530 |
Cooks, Institution and Cafeteria | 770 | 0.6 | 16.56 | 34,440 |
Cooks, Restaurant | 3,090 | 1.0 | 13.99 | 29,100 |
Cooks, Short Order | 1,360 | 2.4 | 14.30 | 29,740 |
Cooks, All Other | 160 | 2.3 | 10.85 | 22,560 |
Food Preparation Workers | 4,990 | 1.9 | 11.31 | 23,530 |
Bartenders | 1,730 | 1.0 | 13.15 | 27,360 |
Combined Food Preparation and Serving Workers, Including Fast Food | 12,320 | 1.3 | 9.49 | 19,740 |
Counter Attendants, Cafeteria, Food Concession, and Coffee Shop | 2,410 | 1.7 | 9.76 | 20,290 |
Waiters and Waitresses | 8,680 | 1.1 | 11.68 | 24,290 |
Food Servers, Nonrestaurant | 400 | 0.5 | 13.13 | 27,310 |
Dining Room and Cafeteria Attendants and Bartender Helpers | 2,860 | 2.2 | 11.05 | 22,990 |
Dishwashers | 1,710 | 1.0 | 11.75 | 24,430 |
Hosts and Hostesses, Restaurant, Lounge, and Coffee Shop | 1,590 | 1.5 | 10.98 | 22,840 |
Food Preparation and Serving Related Workers, All Other | 120 | 0.9 | 12.42 | 25,840 |
Footnotes: |
Last Modified Date: July 16, 2012