Selected Publications on Dimensional Metrology
Measurement Assurance
Measurement Assurance Program—A Case Study: Length Measurements, Pontius, Paul E., NBS Monograph 149, 75 p. (November 1975).
Abstract: The differences between the methods of traditional metrology and the measurement assurance programs are briefly discussed. The historical data relative to long gage blocks (5 in to 20 in) are analyzed to provide a basis for comparison with results from new measurement processes formulated in accordance with the philosophies of the measurement assurance programs. The results from the new processes are in agreement with the work of the past. The current length values used in the dissemination of length by the National Bureau of Standards. These long blocks are a part of a growing collection of similar well characterized artifact standards for use in comparative measurement processes. The methods and techniques used in developing the new measurement process are discussed in some detail. It is the author’s intent that, in addition to the technical content, this paper be largely tutorial in the area of measurement process analysis. This paper is, in essence, a report on the extension of the techniques first suggested in NBS Monograph 103 “Realistic Uncertainties and the Mass Measurement Process” to the area of length measurement.
Measurement Assurance for Gage Blocks, Croarkin, Carroll, Beers, John S., Tucker, Clyde D., NBS Monograph 163, 78 p. (February 1979).
Abstract: This monograph is intended for those who need to know on a continuing basis the uncertainty of their gage block calibration procedure. A general discussion of the philosophy of measurement assurance is given first. Then three levels of measurement assurance programs are outlined showing how control over the measurement process can be maintained and how the offset (or systematic error) from the unit of length maintained by the National Bureau of Standards can be made negligible.
Measurement Assurance Programs, Part I: General Introduction, Belanger, Brian, NBS Special Publication 676-I, 71 p. (May 1984).
Abstract: This publication is Part I of a two-part guide describing NBS Measurement Assurance Program (MAP) Services and how to utilize them for measurement quality control. Part I describes the general philosophy of MAP services and how they are used; Part II (Development and Implementation, by C. Croarkin) describes the statistical tools used in MAP’s. MAP’s constitute a more rigorous method of ascertaining and controlling measurement uncertainty than traditional NBS calibration services.
Measurement Assurance Programs, Part II: Development and Implementation, Croarkin, Carroll, NBS Special Publication 676-II, 124 p. (April 1985).
Abstract: This document is a guide to the logical development of a measurement assurance program in which the tie between a measurement and its reference base is satisfied by measurements on a transfer standard. The uncertainty of values reported by the measurement process is defined; and the validation of this uncertainty for single measurements is developed. Measurement sequences for executing the transfer with NBS and procedures for maintaining statistical control are outlined for eight specific measurement situations with emphasis on characterizing parameters of the measurement process through use of a check standard.
Measurement Assurance, Cameron, J.M., NBS Internal Report 77-1240, (April 1977).
Abstract: A single measurement can be the basis for actions taken to maintain our health, safety or the quality of our environment. It is important therefore that the errors of measurement be small enough so that the actions taken are only negligibly affected by these errors. We realize this necessity on a personal basis when we consider medical measurements, or our exposure to radioactivity. In any government regulatory action or measurement involved in legal actions it is also obvious that the shadow of doubt surrounding the measurements should be suitably small. But this is no less true for all other measurements in science and industry and even though legal action may not be involved, the validity of scientific inference, the effectiveness of process control, or the quality of production may depend on adequate measurements.
Notes on the Fundamentals of Measurement and Measurement as a Production Process, Pontius, Paul E., NBS Internal Report 74-545, 62 p. (September 1974).
Abstract: The concept of a measurement process as a production process is relatively new, having evolved in the last ten years. There have been significant contributions from many sources which have served to refine the initial ideas. The generalized concept of a measurement process is discussed together with techniques and examples for verifying the validity of the result. While some of the techniques may not be appropriate for certain highly specialized measurement processes, it is felt that the concepts are applicable to practically all measurement processes. For certain types of general measurement processes, which must operate in a variety of materials and properties, the techniques have been invaluable in understanding the manner in which measurement processes operate in a “real world.”