1The actual reduction in peak load reflects the change in demand for electricity that results from a utility
demand-side management (DSM) program that is in effect at the time that the utility experiences its actual
peak load as opposed to the potential installed peakload reduction capacity. Differences between actual
and potential peak reduction result from changes in weather, economic activity, and other variable
conditions. |
R=Revised. NA=Not available. |
2"Energy Efficiency" refers to programs that are aimed at reducing the energy used by specific end-use
devices and systems, typically without affecting the services provided. These programs reduce overall
electricity consumption, often without explicit consideration for the timing of program-induced savings.
Such savings are generally achieved by substituting technically more advanced equipment to produce the
same level of end-use services (e.g., lighting, heating, motor drive) with less electricity. Examples include
high-efficiency appliances, efficient lighting programs, high-efficiency heating, ventilating, and air
conditioning systems or control modifications, efficient building design, advanced electric motor drives, and
heat recovery systems. |
Note: This table reports on the results of DSM programs operated by electric utilities. The decrease
since 1998 in peakload reductions from DSM programs can be attributed in part to utilities cutting back or
terminating these programs due to industry deregulation. Some State governments have created new
programs to promote DSM. Examples include the "Energy $mart Loan Fund" administered by the New
York Energy Research and Development Authority and the "Efficiency Vermont" program of the Vermont
Public Service Board. Data on energy savings attributable to these non-utility programs are not collected
by the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA). |
3"Load Management" includes programs such as "Direct Load Control," "Interruptible Load Control,"
and, "Other Types" of DSM programs. "Direct Load Control" refers to program activities that can interrupt
consumer load at the time of annual peak load by direct control of the utility system operator by interrupting
power supply to individual appliances or equipment on consumer premises. This type of control usually
involves residential consumers. "Interruptible Load Control" refers to program activities that, in accordance
with contractual arrangements, can interrupt consumer load at times of seasonal peak load by direct control
of the utility system operator or by action of the consumer at the direct request of the system operator. It
usually involves commercial and industrial consumers. In some instances, the load reduction may be
affected by direct action of the system operator (remote tripping) after notice to the consumer in accordance
with contractual provisions. "Other Types" are programs that limit or shift peak loads from on-peak to
off-peak time periods, such as space heating and water heating storage systems. |
Web Page: For related information, see http://www.eia.gov/electricity/. |
| 4Prices are not adjusted for inflation. See "Nominal Dollars" in Glossary. |
Sources: · 1989-1997—EIA, Form EIA-861, "Annual Electric Utility Report." · 1998 forward—EIA,
Electric Power Annual 2009 (January 2011), Tables 9.1, 9.6, and 9.7. |
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