The ancient remains, molds, or traces of some organisms has been preserved in fossils. Artifacts refer to early human objects and tools of a possible cultural significance. Both are usually recovered from sedimentary rock.
There are many geological processes that form the landscapes we see today. One is weathering, which breaks down the rock at the earth’s surface. Agents of erosion such as wind, water and ice transport the gravel and dust away.
Minerals are the building blocks of rocks while rocks are the building block of the Earth's crust. The three types of rocks: igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic, and their mineral compositions can aide in mapping out Earth’s tectonic history.