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1965
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World Events
- The first US combat troops arrive in Vietnam. By the end of the year, 190,000 American soldiers are in Vietnam. Background: Vietnam War
- US Marines land in the Dominican Republic as fighting persists between rebels and Dominican army (April 28).
- France withdraws its Atlantic fleet from NATO.
- Rhodesia unilaterally declares its independence from Britain (Nov. 11).
U.S. Events
- Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., and more than 2,600 others arrested in Selma, Ala., during demonstrations against voter-registration rules (Feb. 1). Background: Civil Rights
- Malcolm X, black-nationalist leader, shot to death at Harlem rally (Feb. 21).
- Blacks riot for six days in Watts section of Los Angeles: 34 dead, over 1,000 injured, nearly 4,000 arrested (Aug. 11-16).
Economics
US GDP (1998 dollars): $719.1 billion Federal spending: $118.23 billion Federal debt: $322.3 billion Consumer Price Index: 31.5 Unemployment: 5.2% Cost of a first-class stamp: $0.05
Sports
World SeriesLA Dodgers d. Minnesota (4-3)NBA ChampionshipBoston d. LA Lakers (4-1)Stanley CupMontreal d. Chicago (4-3)WimbledonWomen: Margaret Smith d. M. Bueno (6-4 7-5) Men: Roy Emerson d. F. Stolle (6-2 6-4 6-4)Kentucky Derby ChampionLucky DebonairNCAA Basketball ChampionshipUCLA d. Michigan (91-80)NCAA Football ChampionsAlabama (AP, FW-tie) (9-1-1) & Michigan St. (UPI, NFF, FW-tie) (10-1-0)
Entertainment
Entertainment Awards
Pulitzer Prizes Fiction: The Keepers of the House, Shirley Ann Grau Drama: The Subject Was Roses, Frank D. Gilroy Oscars awarded in 1965 Academy Award, Best Picture: My Fair Lady, Jack L. Warner, producer (Warner Bros.) Nobel Prize for Literature: Mikhail Sholokhov (USSR) 1965 Emmy Awards 1965 Tony Awards Grammys awarded in 1965 Record of the Year: "The Girl From Ipanema," Stan Getz and Astrud Gilberto Album of the Year: Getz/Gilberto, Stan Getz and Joao Gilberto (Verve) Song of the Year: "Hello, Dolly!," Jerry Herman, songwriter Miss America: Vonda Kay Van Dyke (AZ) More Entertainment Awards...
Events- The Sound of Music premieres. An instant hit, the film was one of the top-grossing films of 1965 and remains one of film's most popular musicals.
- ABC pays an unprecedented $32 million for a four-year contract with the NCAA to broadcast football games on Saturday afternoons.
- Bill Cosby, starring in I Spy, becomes the first African American to headline a television show.
Movies- Dr. Zhivago, The Sound of Music, A Thousand Clowns, Darling
Books
Science
Nobel Prizes in Science
Chemistry: Robert B. Woodward (US), for work in synthesizing complicated organic compounds Physics: Richard P. Feynman, Julian S. Schwinger (both US), and Shinichiro Tomonaga (Japan), for research in quantum electrodynamics Physiology or Medicine: François Jacob, André Lwolff, and Jacques Monod (all France), for study of regulatory activities in body cells
- Arno A. Penzias and Robert W. Wilson's (US) discovery of cosmic background radiation confirms the "Big Bang" theory. Background: Astronomy
- Early Bird, the first commercial communications satellite, is launched.
- Wally Schirra and Thomas Stafford aboard Gemini VI perform the first rendezvous with another spacecraft, Gemini VII, with Frank Borman and James Lovell. Background: US Staffed Space Flights
- Soviet cosmonaut Aleksei Leonov performs the first spacewalk (Mar. 18). Edward White II becomes the first American to walk in space (June 3). Background: Space Exploration
Deaths
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