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| NATO Burdensharing After Enlargement August 2001 |
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The following tables present statistics on defense spending and on economic aid to the countries of Central and Eastern Europe. Some of these statistics are shown in graphic form in the text; the tables here provide supplemental detail.
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TABLE A-1. DEFENSE SPENDING AS A PERCENTAGE OF GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT IN SELECTED YEARS, 1980-2000 |
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| 1980 | 1985 | 1990 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000a | |
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| Belgium | 3.3 | 3.0 | 2.4 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.4 |
| Canada | 1.9 | 2.2 | 2.0 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.2 |
| Czech Republicb | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | 2.2 | 2.3 |
| Denmark | 2.4 | 2.2 | 2.0 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.5 |
| France | 4.0 | 4.1 | 3.6 | 3.1 | 3.0 | 2.9 | 2.8 | 2.7 | 2.7 |
| Germany | 3.3 | 3.2 | 2.8 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
| Greece | 5.7 | 7.1 | 5.8 | 4.4 | 4.5 | 4.6 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.9 |
| Hungaryb | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | 1.6 | 1.7 |
| Italy | 2.4 | 2.7 | 2.1 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 1.9 |
| Luxembourg | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.7 |
| Netherlands | 3.1 | 3.1 | 2.7 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 1.6 |
| Norway | 2.9 | 3.3 | 3.2 | 2.4 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 1.9 |
| Polandb | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | 2.0 | 2.0 |
| Portugal | 3.5 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 2.6 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.2 |
| Spainc | n.a. | 2.7 | 1.8 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 |
| Turkey | 4.7 | 4.5 | 4.9 | 3.9 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.4 | 5.4 | 6.0 |
| United Kingdom | 5.0 | 5.3 | 4.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.5 | 2.4 |
| United States | 5.1 | 6.7 | 5.7 | 3.8 | 3.5 | 3.3 | 3.1 | 3.0 | 3.0 |
| NATO Average | 3.5 | 3.6 | 3.1 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.2 |
| NATO European Averaged | 3.4 | 3.5 | 3.0 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.3 |
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| SOURCE: Congressional Budget Office based on data from the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). | |||||||||
| NOTES: n.a. = not applicable. | |||||||||
| Averages are weighted by GDP. | |||||||||
| Iceland is excluded because it has no armed forces. | |||||||||
| a. Estimated by NATO on the basis of available data. | |||||||||
| b. Poland, Hungary, and the Czech Republic did not join NATO until 1999. | |||||||||
| c. Spain did not join NATO until 1982. | |||||||||
| d. Excludes the United States and Canada. | |||||||||
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TABLE A-2. DEFENSE SPENDING PER CAPITA IN SELECTED YEARS, 1980-2000 (In 1995 U.S. Dollars) |
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| 1980 | 1985 | 1990 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000a | |
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| Belgium | 619 | 613 | 597 | 438 | 431 | 426 | 423 | 426 | 427 |
| Canada | 306 | 386 | 387 | 309 | 278 | 257 | 277 | 285 | 265 |
| Czech Republicb | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | 115 | 120 |
| Denmark | 613 | 619 | 641 | 596 | 591 | 595 | 594 | 587 | 567 |
| France | 821 | 888 | 910 | 822 | 803 | 802 | 776 | 780 | 785 |
| Germany | 859 | 895 | 892 | 504 | 495 | 481 | 482 | 490 | 484 |
| Greece | 452 | 576 | 504 | 484 | 516 | 542 | 587 | 609 | 633 |
| Hungaryb | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | 84 | 91 |
| Italy | 324 | 365 | 387 | 338 | 340 | 336 | 343 | 350 | 343 |
| Luxembourg | 240 | 265 | 330 | 345 | 354 | 375 | 397 | 399 | 397 |
| Netherlands | 581 | 628 | 631 | 518 | 524 | 517 | 509 | 529 | 500 |
| Norway | 699 | 841 | 887 | 805 | 809 | 793 | 840 | 831 | 809 |
| Polandb | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | 83 | 85 |
| Portugal | 217 | 204 | 264 | 269 | 260 | 265 | 255 | 267 | 273 |
| Spainc | n.a. | 262 | 248 | 221 | 215 | 217 | 212 | 213 | 225 |
| Turkey | 83 | 80 | 106 | 107 | 113 | 117 | 119 | 123 | 136 |
| United Kingdom | 778 | 860 | 768 | 577 | 578 | 541 | 546 | 534 | 526 |
| United States | 1,144 | 1,467 | 1,423 | 1,061 | 1,002 | 985 | 950 | 947 | 968 |
| NATO Average | 758 | 905 | 886 | 670 | 645 | 634 | 621 | 582 | 589 |
| NATO European Averaged | 547 | 582 | 573 | 447 | 443 | 435 | 433 | 394 | 394 |
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| SOURCE: Congressional Budget Office based on data from the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). | |||||||||
| NOTES: n.a. = not applicable. | |||||||||
| Iceland is excluded because it has no armed forces. | |||||||||
| Calculations are based on weighted averages. | |||||||||
| a. Estimated by NATO on the basis of available data. | |||||||||
| b. Poland, Hungary, and the Czech Republic did not join NATO until 1999. | |||||||||
| c. Spain did not join NATO until 1982. | |||||||||
| d. Excludes the United States and Canada. | |||||||||
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TABLE A-3. NATO MEMBERS' ECONOMIC AID TO CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE PER MILLION DOLLARS OF THEIR GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT IN SELECTED YEARS, 1991-1997 |
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| 1997
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1991-1997
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| ODA Grants |
Loans | Total | ODA Grants |
Loans | Total | |||||||
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| Belgium | 44.1 | 0 | 44.1 | 159.8 | 58.0 | 217.8 | ||||||
| Canada | 248.3 | 0 | 248.3 | 251.0 | 0 | 251.0 | ||||||
| Denmark | 486.4 | 85.1 | 571.5 | 490.3 | 108.6 | 599.0 | ||||||
| France | 217.8 | 3.3 | 221.1 | 213.4 | 5.6 | 219.0 | ||||||
| Germany | 184.6 | 23.6 | 208.2 | 1,078.1 | 51.5 | 1,129.5 | ||||||
| Greece | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||
| Iceland | N.A. | N.A. | N.A. | N.A. | N.A. | N.A. | ||||||
| Italy | 22.3 | 11.9 | 34.2 | 98.4 | 11.1 | 109.5 | ||||||
| Luxembourg | 200.0 | 0 | 200.0 | 194.7 | 0 | 194.7 | ||||||
| Netherlands | 92.0 | 0 | 92.0 | 184.1 | 33.2 | 217.4 | ||||||
| Norway | 419.9 | 0 | 419.9 | 416.0 | 16.0 | 432.0 | ||||||
| Portugal | 2.5 | 0 | 2.5 | 1.3 | 0 | 1.3 | ||||||
| Spain | 5.4 | -0.6 | 4.8 | 3.4 | 4.3 | 7.7 | ||||||
| Turkey | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||
| United Kingdom | 122.7 | 0 | 122.7 | 106.5 | 0 | 106.5 | ||||||
| United States | 166.0 | 6.9 | 173.0 | 225.4 | 19.2 | 244.6 | ||||||
| NATO Average | 147.5 | 8.7 | 156.2 | 228.2 | 20.5 | 248.7 | ||||||
| NATO European Averagea | 138.3 | 9.5 | 147.8 | 226.6 | 22.2 | 248.8 | ||||||
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| SOURCE: Congressional Budget Office based on data from the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. | ||||||||||||
| NOTES: N.A. = not available; ODA = official development assistance. | ||||||||||||
| Poland, Hungary, and the Czech Republic did not join NATO until 1999. | ||||||||||||
| a. Excludes the United States and Canada. | ||||||||||||
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