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What Would have Happened to the Ozone Layer if Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) had not been Regulated?
Led by NASA Goddard scientist Paul Newman, a team of atmospheric chemists simulated 'what might have been' if chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and similar ozone-depleting chemicals were not banned through the Montreal Protocol. The comprehensive model -- including atmospheric chemical effects, wind changes, and solar radiation changes -- simulated what would happen to global concentrations of stratospheric ozone if CFCs were continually added to the atmosphere.

The visualizations below present two cases, from several different viewing positions: the 'world avoided' case, where the rate of CFC emission into the atmosphere is assumed to be that of the period before regulation, and the 'projected' case, which assumes the current rate of emission, post-regulation. Both cases extrapolate to the year 2065.


Side-by-side comparison    Side-by-side comparison
Duration: 2.0 minutes
Available formats:
  1280x720 (30 fps) Frames (Side by side)
  1280x720 (30 fps) MPEG-2   62 MB
  512x288 (30 fps) MPEG-1   15 MB
  1280x720 (30 fps) MPEG-4   15 MB
  320x180     PNG           170 KB
  160x80       PNG           48 KB
  80x40         PNG           13 KB
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World avoided, North Pole    World avoided, North Pole
Duration: 2.0 minutes
Available formats:
  1280x720 (30 fps) Frames (Wa NP)
  1280x720 (30 fps) MPEG-2   109 MB
  512x288 (30 fps) MPEG-1   24 MB
  1280x720 (30 fps) MPEG-4   28 MB
  320x180     PNG           175 KB
  160x80       PNG           43 KB
  80x40         PNG           12 KB
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Projected, North Pole    Projected, North Pole
Duration: 2.0 minutes
Available formats:
  1280x720 (30 fps) Frames (F1 NP)
  1280x720 (30 fps) MPEG-2   123 MB
  512x288 (30 fps) MPEG-1   28 MB
  1280x720 (30 fps) MPEG-4   33 MB
  320x180     PNG           174 KB
  160x80       PNG           43 KB
  80x40         PNG           12 KB
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World avoided, whole Earth    World avoided, whole Earth
Duration: 2.0 minutes
Available formats:
  1280x720 (30 fps) Frames (Wa hemisphere)
  1280x720 (30 fps) MPEG-2   44 MB
  512x288 (30 fps) MPEG-1   8 MB
  1280x720 (30 fps) MPEG-4   11 MB
  320x180     PNG           98 KB
  160x80       PNG           27 KB
  80x40         PNG           7 KB
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Projected, whole Earth    Projected, whole Earth
Duration: 2.0 minutes
Available formats:
  1280x720 (30 fps) Frames (F1 hemisphere)
  1280x720 (30 fps) MPEG-2   45 MB
  512x288 (30 fps) MPEG-1   9 MB
  1280x720 (30 fps) MPEG-4   12 MB
  320x180     PNG           98 KB
  160x80       PNG           27 KB
  80x40         PNG           7 KB
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World avoided, mid-latitude    World avoided, mid-latitude
Duration: 2.0 minutes
Available formats:
  1280x720 (30 fps) Frames (Wa midlat)
  1280x720 (30 fps) MPEG-2   107 MB
  512x288 (30 fps) MPEG-1   23 MB
  1280x720 (30 fps) MPEG-4   24 MB
  320x180     PNG           239 KB
  160x80       PNG           59 KB
  80x40         PNG           16 KB
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Projected, mid-latitude    Projected, mid-latitude
Duration: 2.0 minutes
Available formats:
  1280x720 (30 fps) Frames (F1 midlat)
  1280x720 (30 fps) MPEG-2   115 MB
  512x288 (30 fps) MPEG-1   25 MB
  1280x720 (30 fps) MPEG-4   27 MB
  320x180     PNG           238 KB
  160x80       PNG           60 KB
  80x40         PNG           16 KB
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World avoided, Antarctica    World avoided, Antarctica
Duration: 2.0 minutes
Available formats:
  1280x720 (30 fps) Frames (Wa SP)
  1280x720 (30 fps) MPEG-2   71 MB
  512x288 (30 fps) MPEG-1   16 MB
  1280x720 (30 fps) MPEG-4   20 MB
  320x180     PNG           169 KB
  160x80       PNG           44 KB
  80x40         PNG           12 KB
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Projected, Antarctica    Projected, Antarctica
Duration: 2.0 minutes
Available formats:
  1280x720 (30 fps) Frames (F1 SP)
  1280x720 (30 fps) MPEG-2   73 MB
  512x288 (30 fps) MPEG-1   16 MB
  1280x720 (30 fps) MPEG-4   20 MB
  320x180     PNG           170 KB
  160x80       PNG           44 KB
  80x40         PNG           12 KB
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Dates, with alpha    Dates, with alpha

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Interview with the scientist, Paul Newman.For complete transcript, click here.    Interview with the scientist, Paul Newman.

For complete transcript, click here.
Duration: 3.5 minutes
Available formats:
  512x288 (29.97 fps) MPEG-1   31 MB
  1280x720 (30 fps) QT         130 MB
  1280x720 (59.94 fps) QT         3 GB
  320x180     PNG           147 KB
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Color bar, with alpha 		   Color bar, with alpha

Available formats:
  1200 x 250       PNG       18 KB
  320 x 66           PNG       10 KB

Animation Number:3586
Completed:2009-03-17
Animator:Trent L. Schindler (UMBC) (Lead)
Interviewee:Paul Newman (NASA/GSFC)
Producer:Jefferson Beck (UMBC)
Scientist:Paul Newman (NASA/GSFC)
Series:Ozone
Goddard TV Tape:G2009-018 -- Ozone World Avoided
Keywords:
SVS >> HDTV
SVS >> Ozone
SVS >> Ozone Hole
SVS >> Ozone depletion
GCMD >> EARTH SCIENCE >> Atmosphere >> Atmospheric Chemistry/Oxygen Compounds >> Ozone
 
 
Please give credit for this item to
NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center Scientific Visualization Studio


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