| Glassy-winged sharpshooter regulations |
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| Introduction |
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Glassy-winged sharpshooter, Homalodisca coagulata, is a serious pest in California that was first observed in 1990. The insect is native to the southeast United States and is now found throughout Southern California and also Mexico. Glassy-winged sharpshooter (GWSS) is of concern due to its ability to spread Xylella fastidiosa, the bacterium that causes Pierce’s disease. Pierce’s disease kills grapevines by blocking the water conductive system of the plant (xylem). The insect has led to a Pierce’s disease epidemic in California that threatens the survival of its wine industry. GWSS also feeds on almond, citrus, plums, peaches, cherries and walnuts threatening the spread of disease among these crops.
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| Regulations |
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Oregon became concerned that GWSS would be introduced into Oregon from California threatening the state's grape nurseries with infection of Pierces’ Disease, Xylella fastidiosa. The Oregon Department of Agriculture established a quarantine against GWSS, Homalodisca coagulata, on March 27, 2001 under Oregon Administrative Rules (OAR) 603-052-1221 . Neither H. coagulata nor X. fastidiosa are known to be established in Oregon.
Quarantined areas include Mexico, the entire states of Alabama, Arkansas, California, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, South Carolina, Texas and any other state found to be infested with GWSS during the life of this quarantine. All types of propagative material of grape plants (Vitis spp.) are prohibited unless they adhere to specific protocols to ensure that shipped host nursery stock is free of GWSS. The area under quarantine must have been trapped and found free of an established, reproducing population of the insect or the propagative material has been treated with a registered pesticide effective at killing all stages of the insect prior to shipment as near to the time of shipping as is reasonably possible. A phytosanitary certificate or certificate of quarantine compliance must accompany the shipment with one of the following additional declarations: “all glassy-winged sharpshooter host plants in this shipment have been grown in a nursery under compliance agreement with the corresponding state’s department of agriculture” or “all glassy-winged sharpshooter host plants in this shipment have been treated with an approved pesticide.
In addition, grape plants shipped from anywhere in the state of California must be tested and found free of X. fastidiosa. A phytosanitary certificate must accompany the shipment with the following additional declaration: “Grape plants (Vitis spp.) in this shipment have been treated for glassy-winged sharpshooter with an approved pesticide and a representative sample has been tested and found free of Xylella fastidiosa.”
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