HAZMAT Table 1b,,,,,,,,,,,,
"Hazardous Material Shipment Characteristics by Mode of Transportation: 2002 and 1997
",,,,,,,,,,,,
"[Estimates are based on data from the 2002 and 1997 Commodity Flow Surveys. Because of rounding, estimates may not be additive]
",,,,,,,,,,,,
Mode of transportation,"
Value",,,Tons,,,Ton-miles,,,Average miles per shipment,,
,"2002 
(million $)","1997 
(million $)","Percent 
change","2002 
(thousands)","1997 
(thousands)","Percent 
change","2002 
(millions)","1997 
(millions)","Percent 
change",2002,1997,"Percent 
change"
All modes," 660,181 "," 526,679 ",25.3," 2,191,519 "," 1,783,620 ",22.9," 326,727 "," 294,823 ",10.8, 136 , 110 ,23.7
Single modes," 644,489 "," 510,417 ",26.3," 2,158,533 "," 1,752,056 ",23.2," 311,897 "," 273,865 ",13.9, 105 , 89 ,17.1
Truck (1)," 419,630 "," 325,166 ",29.1," 1,159,514 "," 959,199 ",20.9," 110,163 "," 82,211 ",34.0, 86 , 70 ,23.7
For-hire truck ," 189,803 "," 144,469 ",31.4," 449,503 "," 369,991 ",21.5," 65,112 "," 49,238 ",32.2, 285 , 251 ,13.4
Private truck," 226,660 "," 177,144 ",28.0," 702,186 "," 577,003 ",21.7," 44,087 "," 31,948 ",38.0, 38 , 35 ,8.0
Rail," 31,339 "," 34,937 ",–10.3," 109,369 "," 102,508 ",6.7," 72,087 "," 78,619 ",–8.3, 695 , 837 ,–17.0
Water," 46,856 "," 33,071 ",41.7," 228,197 "," 167,716 ",36.1," 70,649 "," 63,089 ",12.0, S , S ,S
Air (includes truck and air)," 1,643 "," 8,591 ",–80.9, 64 , 74 ,–12.5, 85 , 100 ,–15.4," 2,080 "," 1,455 ",42.9
Pipeline (2)," 145,021 "," 108,653 ",33.5," 661,390 "," 522,560 ",26.6, S , S ,S, S , S ,S
Multiple modes," 9,631 "," 7,203 ",33.7," 18,745 "," 12,266 ",52.8," 12,488 ", S ,S, 849 , 652 ,30.2
"Parcel, U.S.P.S. or courier"," 4,268 "," 3,184 ",34.0, 245 , 202 ,21.2, 119 , 93 ,27.3, 837 , 697 ,20.1
Other multiple modes," 5,363 "," 4,019 ",33.4," 18,500 "," 12,064 ",53.4," 12,369 ", S ,S," 1,371 ", 168 ,718.4
Other and unknown modes," 6,061 "," 9,058 ",–33.1," 14,241 "," 19,298 ",–26.2," 2,342 "," 1,885 ",24.2, 57 , 33 ,73.2
"
KEY: 
– Represents and estimate equal to zero or less than 1 unit of measure.  
S Estimate does not meet publication standards because of highly sampling variability or poor response quality.",,,,,,,,,,,,
"
(1) ""Truck"" as a single mode includes shipments that were made by only private truck, only for-hire truck, or a combination of private and for-hire truck. 
(2) Estimates for pipeline exclude shipments of crude petroleum.",,,,,,,,,,,,
"SOURCE:  Bureau of Transportation Statistics (USDOT) and U.S. Census Bureau, 2002 Commodity Flow Survey, Hazmat Data, December 2004.",,,,,,,,,,,,