USFWS
Fisheries & Ecological Services
Alaska Region

 

Environmental Contaminants

Reports

By Office:

Anchorage Fish & Wildlife Field Office:
Cochrane, J.F., and Trust, K.A. 1996. Contaminant Case Report: Spectacled Eider (Somateria fischeri) Eggs and Feathers from the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Anchorage Field Office, Ecological Services. Technical Report WAES-TR-96-01. 19 pp. (Copies available from Anchorage Fish & Wildlife Field Office)

Crayton, W. 2000. Environmental Contaminants in Fauna Collected from Amchitka Island, Alaska. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 111 pages. (Copies available from Anchorage Fish & Wildlife Field Office)

Esler, D., Bowman, T.D., Trust, K.A., Ballachey, B.E., Dean, T.A., Jewett, S.C., and O’Clair, C.E. 2002. Harlequin Duck Population Recovery Following the Exxon Valdez Oil Spill: Progress, Process and Constraints. Marine Ecology Progress Series 241:271-286.

Handel, C. M., Pajot, L. M., Matsuoka, S. M., Trust, K. A., Stotts, J. M.,  Terenzi, J., and Talbot, S. L. 2006. Potential Role of Environmental Contaminants in the Pathology of Beak Deformities among Black-capped Chickadees in South-central Alaska. Final report. Project ID: 1130-7F22. U. S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center, Anchorage, Alaska.  [PDF - 15 MB

Miles, A.K., Flint, P.L., Trust, K.A., Ricca, M.A., Spring, S.E., Arrieta, D.E., Hollmen, T., and Wilson, B.W.. 2007.  Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure in Steller’s eiders (Polysticta stelleri) and harlequin ducks (Histronicus histronicus) in the Eastern Aleutian Islands, Alaska, USA.  Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 26: 2694-2703.

Petersen, M.R., Piatt, J. F., and Trust, K.A. 1999. Foods of Spectacled Eiders in the Bering Sea, Alaska. Wildfowl 49: 124-128.

Reeves, M.K. and Trust, K.A. 2004. National abnormal amphibian study, FY 2002: National Wildlife Refuges in Alaska, Annual Progress Report. U.S. Fish and Wildlfie Service Technical Report. AFWFO-TR-04-02. 22 pp. (pdf-5,336kb)

Reeves M.K. 2008. Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in Wood Frogs (Rana Sylvatica) from three National Wildlife Refuges in Alaska, USA. Herpetol Rev 39:68-70.

Reeves, M.K., Dolph, C.L., Zimmer, H., Tjeerdema, R.S., and Trust, K.A. 2008.  Road proximity increases risk of skeletal abnormalities in amphibians. Environmental Health Perspectives 116; 1009-1014.

Reeves, M.K and Green, D.E. 2006. Rana sylvatica (wood frog) Chytridiomycosis. Herpetological Review 37: 450 

Stout, J.H. 1997. Spectacled Eider (Somateria fischeri) Contaminants Summary Report. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Anchorage Field Office, Ecological Services. Technical Report WAES-TR-98-01. 19 pp. (Copies available from Anchorage Fish & Wildlife Field Office)

Stout, J.H. 1999. Baseline Hydrocarbon Sampling for the Valdez Duck Flats, Valdez, Alaska. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Technical Report: WAES-TR-99-02. 18 pp. (Copies available from Anchorage Fish & Wildlife Field Office)

Stout, J.H. and Trust, K.A. 1997. Contaminant Residues in Bald Eagles (Heliaeetus leucocephalus) from Adak Island, Alaska. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Anchorage Field Office, Ecological Services. Technical Report WAES-TR-97-02. 46 pp. (Copies available from Anchorage Fish & Wildlife Field Office)

Stout, J.H. and Trust, K.A., 2002. Elemental and organochlorine residues in bald eagles from Adak Island, Alaska. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 38(3):511-517.

Stout, J.H., Trust, K.A., Cochrane, J.F., Suydam, R.S., Quakenbush, L.T. 2002. Environmental contaminants in four eider species from Alaska and arctic Russia. Environmental Pollution 119:215-226.

Trust, K., Schmutz, J. and Matz, A.  2006. AK - Concentrations of Environmental Contaminants and Potential Effects on Declining Red-Throated Loon Populations in Alaska.  On-Refuge Investigations Sub-Activity, Final Report.  27 pp. (Copies available from Anchorage Fish & Wildlife Field Office)

Trust, K.A. and Reeves, M.K. 2004. National abnormal amphibian study, FY2001: National Wildlife Refuges in Alaska, Annual Progress Report . U.S. Fish and Wildlife Technical Report. AFWFO-TR-04-01. 24pp. (pdf-2,682kb)

Trust, K. A. and Tangermann, H. 2002. National malformed amphibian study, FY2000: Kenai National Wildlife Refuge, Annual Progress Report. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Technical Report WAES-TR-02-01. 19 pp. (pdf-1,755kb)

Trust, K.A., Cochrane, J.F., and Stout, J.H. 1997. Environmental Contaminants in Three Eider Species from Alaska and Arctic Russia. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Anchorage Field Office, Ecological Services. Technical Report WAES-TR-97-03. 44 pp. (Copies available from Anchorage Fish & Wildlife Field Office)

Trust, K.A., Esler, D., Woodin, B.R., Stegeman, J.J. 2000. Cytochrome P450 1A Induction in Sea Ducks Inhabiting the Near Shore Areas of Prince William Sound, Alaska. Marine Pollution Bulletin 40:397-403.

Trust, K.A., Rummel, K.T., Scheuhammer, A.M., Brisbin, I.L, and Hooper, M.J. 2000. Contaminant Exposure and Biomarker Responses in Spectacled Eiders (Somateria fischeri) from St. Lawrence Island, Alaska. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 38: 107-113.

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Fairbanks Fish & Wildlife Field Office:
Ambrose, S., Matz, A., Swem, T., and Bente, P. 2000. Environmental Contaminants in American and Arctic Peregrine Falcon Eggs in Alaska, 1979-95. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Northern Alaska Ecological Services. Technical Report NAES-TR-00-02. 67 pp. (pdf-1470kb)

Garbarino, J.R., Snyder-Conn, E., Leiker, T.J., and Hoffman, G.L. 2002. Contaminants in arctic snow collected over Northwest Alaskan sea ice. Air, Water, and Soil Pollution 139: 183-214.

Matz, A.C. and Rocque, D.A. 2007.  Contaminants in lesser scaup eggs and blood from Yukon Flats National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska.  The Condor 109: 852-861.

Matz, A., T. Doyle, E. Snyder-Conn, and D. Seagars. 2005. Metals in water, sediments, and fish of the Tetlin National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska, 1987-1992. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Fairbanks Fish and Wildlife Field Office, Fairbanks, AK. (pdf-1367kb)

Moitoret, C.S. 1996. Organochlorine pesticide and metal concentrations in two lynx from the Robertson River Area, Alaska. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Northern Alaska Ecological Services, Technical Report NAES-TR-96-01. 12 pp. (Copies available from Fairbanks FWFO)

Mueller, K. A. and Matz, A. C. 2002. Water quality, and metal and metalloid concentrations in water, sediment, and fish tissues from Innoko National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska, 1995-1997. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Northern Alaska Ecological Services, Technical Report NAES-TR-02-01. 155 pp. (pdf-1,886kb)

Mueller, K.A. and Matz, A.C. 2000. Organochlorine Concentrations in Burbot (Lota lota) livers from Fairbanks, Alaska, and Kanuti, Tetlin and Yukon Flats National Wildlife Refuges, Alaska, 1998. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Northern Alaska Ecological Services. Technical Report NAES-TR-00-01. 49 pp. (pdf-451kb)

Mueller, K., Snyder-Conn, E., and Bertram, M. 1996. Water quality and metal and metalloid contaminants in sediments and fish of Koyukuk, Nowitna and the Northern Unit of Innoko National Wildlife refuges, Alaska, 1991. Ecological services, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, NAES-TR-96-03. 79 pp. (pdf-1004kb)

Mueller, K.A., Snyder-Conn, E., and Scannell, P.O. 1995. Metal and Metalloid Contaminants in Water, Sediments, Fish and Mammals of Kanuti National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska, 1985-1990. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Northern Alaska Ecological Services. Technical Report NAES-TR-95-02. 125 pp. (pdf-906kb)

Mueller, K. A., Snyder-Conn, E., and Doyle, T. 1993. Contaminant baseline data for water, sediments, and fish of Selawik National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska, 1987-1988. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services, Fairbanks, AK, Technical Report NAES-TR-93-02. 84 pp. (pdf-842kb)

Quakenbush, L. T. and Snyder-Conn, E. 1993. Pathology and contaminant case report on three Steller's eiders from Alaska. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services, Fairbanks, AK, Technical Report NAES-TR-93-01. 32 pp. (Copies available from Fairbanks FWFO)

Scannell, P. 1997. Contaminant concentrations in sediments and plants of placer mining settling ponds from interior Alaska. Ecological Services Fairbanks, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Technical Report NAES-TR-97-01. 35 pp. (Copies available from Fairbanks FWFO)

Snyder-Conn, E. 1993. In situ toxicity testing with locally collected Daphnia. U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service Biol. Report 15, July 1993. 14 pp. (Copies available from Fairbanks FWFO)

Snyder-Conn, E., Bertram, M., and Scannell, P. 1992. Contaminant Data for Water, Sediments, and Fish of Koyukuk National Wildlife Refuge and the Northern Unit of Innoko National Wildlife Refuge. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Northern Alaska Ecological Services. Technical Report NAES-TR-92-04. 78 pp, plus Appendix. (pdf-4991kb)

Snyder-Conn, E., Patton, T., Bertram, M., Scannell, P., and Anthony, C. 1992. Contaminant Baseline Data for Water, Sediments, and Fish of the Nowitna National Wildlife Refuge, 1985-1988. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Northern Alaska Ecological Services. Technical Report NAES-TR-92-02. 69 pp., plus Appendix. (pdf-1,222kb)

Snyder-Conn, E., Garbarino, J. R., Hoffman, G.L., and Oelkers, A. 1997. Soluble Trace Elements and Total Mercury in Arctic Alaskan Snow. Arctic 50: 201-215.

Snyder-Conn, E., Densmore, D., Moitoret, C., and Stroebele, J. 1990. Persistence of trace metals in shallow arctic marine sediments contaminated by drilling effluents. Oil and Chemical Pollution 7:225-247.

Strum, K.M., Alfaro, M., Haase, B., Hooper, M.J., Johnson, K.A., Lanctot, R.B., Lesterhuis, A.J., Lopez, L., Matz, A.C., Morales, C., Paulson, B., Sandercock, B.K., Torres-Dowdall, J., and Zaccagnini, M.E. 2008. Plasma cholinesterases for monitoring pesticide exposure in Neararctic-Neotropical migratory shorebirds.  Ornitologica Neotropical 19 (Suppl.): 641-651

Woodward, D.F., Snyder-Conn, E., Riley, R.G., and Garland, T.R. 1988. Drilling fluids and the arctic tundra of Alaska: Assessing contamination of wetlands habitat and the toxicity to aquatic invertebrates and fish. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 17:683-697.

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Juneau Fish & Wildlife Field Office:
Henny, C.J., Rudis, D.D., Roffe, T.J., and Robinson-Wilson, E. 1995. Contaminants and Sea Ducks in Alaska and the Circumpolar Region. Environmental Health Perspectives 103: 41-49.

Rudis, D.D. 2007. Benthic macroinvertebrate community comparison of four streams in the Juneau, Alaska, area. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Juneau Field Office - Southeast Alaska Ecological Services. Technical Report JFO-TR-07-01. 36 pp (pdf-6,885kb)

Rudis, D. 2001. Kensington Mine Area, Alaska: Baseline contaminant study. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Juneau Alaska, Technical Report SEES-TR-01-01. 16 pp. (pdf-1,970kb)

Rudis, D.D. 1996. Metal Concentrations in Sediments and Selected Biota in Gastineau Channel, Juneau, Alaska. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Southeast Alaska Ecological Services. Technical Report SEES-TR-92-01. 47 pp. (pdf-1,020kb)

Rudis, D.D. 1996. St. Lazaria Island Alaska Maritime NWR Military Contaminants Investigations. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Juneau Alaska, Technical Report SEES-TR-96-01. 22 pp. + app. (pdf-2,512kb)

Rudis, D.D. 1994. An investigation of metals in sediment and biota of Marine Ways Bay at U.S. Coast Guard Base Ketchikan. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Juneau Alaska. 19 pp. + app. Ketchikan (pdf-1,628kb)

 

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Marine Mammals Management Office:
Comerci, L. R, Gorbics, C. S., Matz, A. C., and Trust, K. A. 2002. Tissue concentrations of elemental and organochlorine compounds in sea otters in Alaska. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Region 7, Alaska, Technical Report MMM 02-2. 102 pp. (Copies available from Marine Mammals Management Office)

Corsolini, S., Kannan, K., Evans, T., Focardi, S., and Giesy, J.P. 2000. Polychlorinated biphenyls in arctic and antarctic organisms: polar bear, krill, fish, Weddell seal, and skua. Organohalogen Compounds. 46: 314-317.

Evans, T. J. 2004a. Concentrations of selected essential and non-essential elements in adult male polar bears (Ursus maritimus) from Alaska.  U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Technical Report. MMM 04-02. 68pp. (Copies available from Marine Mammals Management Office)

Evans, T. J. 2004b.  PCBs and chlorinated pesticides in adult male polar bears (Ursus maritimus) from Alaska. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Technical Report. MMM 04-01. 61pp. (Copies available from Marine Mammals Management Office)

Kannan, K., Yun, S.H. and Evans, T.J.  2005. Chlorinated, Brominated, and
Perfluorinated Contaminants in Livers of Polar Bears from Alaska.  Environmental Science and Technology, Volume 39, pp. 9057-9063.

Kannan, K., Agusa, T., Evans, T.J., Tanabe, S.  2007. Trace Element Concentrations in Livers of Polar Bears from Two Populations in Northern and Western Alaska.  Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, Volume 53: 473-482

Kumar, K.S., Kannan, K., Corsolini, S., Evans, T.J., Giesy, J.P., Nakanishi, and Masunaga, J.S.. 2002. Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans and polychlorinated biphenyls in polar bear, penguin and south polar skua. Environmental Pollution, Volume 119, pp. 151–161.

Kumar, K.S., Kunnan, K., Corsolini, S., Evans, T., Giesy, J.P., Nakanishi, J., and Masunaga S. 2002. Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans and polychlorinated biphenyls in polar bear, penguin and south polar skua. Environmental Pollution 119:151-161.

Muir, D.C.G., Backus, S., Derocher, A.E., Dietz, R., Evans, T.J., Gabrielsen, G.W., Nagy, G., Norstrom, R.J., Sonne, C., Stirling, I., Taylor, M.K. and Letcher, R.J. 2006.  Brominated Flame Retardants in Polar Bears (Ursus maritimus) from Alaska, the Canadian Arctic, East Greenland, and Svalbard.  Environmental Science and Technology, Volume 40, pp. 449-455.

Norstrom, R.J., Belikov, S.E., Born, E.W., Garner, G.W., Malone, B., Olpinski, S., Ramsay, M.A., Schliebe, S., Stirling, I., Stishov, M.S., Taylor, M.K., and Wiig, O. 1998. Chlorinated hydrocarbon contaminants in polar bears from Eastern Russia, North America, Greenland, and Svalbard: Biomonitoring of arctic pollution. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology; 35: 354-367.

Seagars, D.J. and Garlich-Miller, J. 2001. Organochlorine Compounds and Aliphatic Hydrocarbons in Pacific Walrus Blubber. Marine Pollution Bulletin 43: 122-131.

Smithwick, M., Mabury, S.A., Solomon, K.R., Sonne, C., Martin, J.W., Born, E.W., Dietz, R., Derocher, A.E., Letcher, R.J., Evans, T.J., Gabrielsen, G.W., Nagy, J., Stirling, I., Taylor, M.K., Muir, D.C.G. 2005. Circumpolar Study of Perfluoroalkyl Contaminants in Polar Bears (Ursus maritimus).  Environmental Science and Technology, Volume 39, pp. 5517-5523.

Smithwick, M., R. J. Norstrom, S. A. Mabury, K. Solomon, T. J. Evans, I. Stirling, M. K. Taylor, and D.C.G. Muir. 2006. Temporal Trends of Perfluoroalkyl Contaminants in Polar Bears (Ursus maritimus) from Two Locations in the North American Arctic, 1972-2002.  Environmental Science and Technology, Volume 40, pp. 1139 -1143

Taylor, D.L., Schliebe, S., Metsker, H. 1986. Contaminants in blubber, liver, and kidney tissue of Pacific walruses. Marine Pollution Bulletin 20(9):465-468.

Verreault, J.,  Muir, D.C.G., Norstrom, R.J.,  Stirling, I., Fisk, A.T., Gabrielsen, G. W., Derocher, A. E., Evans, T. J., Dietz, R., Sonne, C., Sandala, G. M. , Gebbink, W., Riget, F. F., Born, E. W.,  Taylor, M. K.,  Nagy, J., and Letcher, R. J. 2005.  Chlorinated hydrocarbon contaminants and metabolites in polar bears (Ursus maritimus) from Alaska, Canada, East Greenland, and Svalbard: 1996-2002. Science of the Total Environment, Volume 351–352, pp. 369–390.

Warburton, J. and Seagars, D. J. 1993. Heavy metal concentrations in liver and kidney tissues of Pacific walrus: Continuation of a baseline study. Marine Mammals Management, Region 7, Alaska, Technical Report MMM 94-1. 23 pp. (Copies available from Marine Mammals Management Office)

Wiig, O., Berg, V., Gjertz, I Seagars, D.J., and Skaare, J.U. 2000. Use of skin biopsies for assessing levels of organochlorines in walruses (Odobenus rosmarus).
Polar Biology 23(4): 272-278.

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Alaska Regional Office:
Hild, C.M., Beckman, K.B., Berner, J.E., Kaatz Chary, L.,  Hamrick, K.J.,  Johnson, P.C., Krahn, P.M., Marcy, S.K.M.,  Matkin, C.O.,  Rubin, C.H., See, M.G., Smolen, M.J. and Verbrugge, L.A. 2002. Chapter 5. Alaska - At Risk. In: The Foundation for Global Action on Persistent Organic Pollutants: A United States Perspective. EPA/600/P-01/003F. National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. 167 pp.  

Parson, T.A.S. 2001. Kenai National Wildlife Refuge: Contaminant Assessment. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 1011 E. Tudor Road, Anchorage, AK 99503. 123 pp.

Parson T.A.S. 2004. Alaska Peninsula and Becharof National Wildlife Refuges Contaminant Assessment. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Regional Office, Anchorage AK. 67 pp.

Rocque, D.A. and T.A.S. Parson. 2004. Togiak National Wildlife Refuge Contaminant Assessment. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Regional Office, Anchorage AK. 49 pp.

Rocque, D.A. 2005. Izembek National Wildlife Refuge Contaminant Assessment. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Regional Office, Anchorage AK. 54 pp

Rocque, D. A. 2007. Tetlin National Wildlife Refuge Contaminant Assessment. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Regional Office, Anchorage, AK. 54 pp.

Weiner, A., Berg, C., Gerlach, T., Grunblatt, J., Holbrook, K., and M. Kuwada. 1997. The Exxon Valdez oil spill: Habitat protection as a restoration strategy. Restoration Ecology 5 (1): 44-55.

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Last updated: September 25, 2008