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DEVELOPMENT
OF HUMAN FACTORS GUIDELINES FOR
ADVANCED
TRAVELER INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND
COMMERCIAL VEHICLE OPERATIONS
INVESTIGATION
OF ATIS FUNCTION TRANSITION
AND THE EFFECTS OF AN IN-VEHICLE ATIS
ON DRIVER PERFORMANCE
Publication No. FHWA-RD-96-146
December 1999
FOREWORD
This report is
one of a series of reports produced as part of a contract designed to
develop precise, detailed human factors design guidelines for Advanced
Traveler Information Systems (ATIS) and Commercial Vehicle Operations
(CVO). Among the other topics discussed in the series are descriptions
of ATIS/CVO functions, comparable systems analysis, task analysis of
ATIS/CVO functions, definition and prioritization of research studies,
and more than a dozen laboratory and field experiments.
These studies
are part of the empirical phase of the on-going human factors design
guidelines project. The first examines the cognitive demands imposed
on the driver by the need to transition from one pre-drive in-vehicle
information function to another while in pre-drive mode.
The second study
evaluates driving performance with a moving map implementation of an
ATIS device.
Copies of this
report can be obtained through the Research and Technology Report Center,
9701 Philadelphia Court, Unit Q, Lanham, Maryland 20706, telephone:
(301) 577-0818, fax: (301) 577-1421, or the National Technical Information
Service (NTIS), 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, Virginia 22161, telephone:
(703) 605-6000, fax: (703) 605-6900.
Michael F. Trentacoste
Director, Office of Safety
Research and Development
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Technical Report Documentation
Page
1. Report No.
FHWA-RD-96-146
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2. Government Accession
No. |
3.
Recipient's Catalog No. |
4.
Title and Subtitle:
DEVELOPMENT OF
HUMAN FACTORS GUIDELINES FOR ADVANCED TRAVELER INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND
COMMERCIAL VEHICLE OPERATIONS: INVESTIGATION OF ATIS FUNCTION TRANSITION
AND THE EFFECTS OF AN IN-VEHICLE ATIS ON DRIVER PERFORMANCE.
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5.
Report Date:
December, 1999
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6.
Performing Organization Code
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7.
Author(s):
Campbell, J. L.,
Kantowitz, B. H., Simsek, O., Carney, C., Hanowski, R. J., Hooey, B.
L., & Gore, B. F.
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8.
Performing Organization Report No.
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9.
Performing Organization Name and Address:
Battelle Seattle
Research Center
4000 NE 41st Street
Seattle, WA 98105
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10.
Work Unit No. (TRAIS) |
11.
Contract or Grant No.:
DTFH61-92-C-00102
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12.
Sponsoring Agency Name and Address:
Office of Safety
& Traffic Operations R&D
Federal
Highway Administration
6300 Georgetown
Pike
McLean,
VA 22101-2296
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13.
Type of Report and Period Covered:
Final Report
4/95 - 4/97
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14.
Sponsoring Agency Code
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15.
Supplementary Notes: Contracting Officer's Technical Representative (COTR):
M. Joseph Moyer, HRDS; Thomas M. Granda, HRDS (formerly with SAIC) |
16.
Abstract: The objective of the first experiment reported below was to
measure the cognitive demands associated with transitioning across Advanced
Traveler Information System (ATIS) functions. This required the development
of both objective and subjective indices of driver behavior and cognition.
To accomplish this, a small number of pre-drive trip scenarios that invoke
appropriate transitions across ATIS functions were developed.
Driving performance
under more representative conditions was investigated in experiment
2 using a driving simulator. This study investigated several issues
on the influence of an ATIS on driving behavior. The questions asked
were:
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How does a
moving map display of the current vehicle location influence driving
performance?
- How do ATIS
control inputs influence driving performance? Should they be allocated
to pre-drive? Is it too much to expect the driver to do while in transit?
- Do ATIS messages
affect drivers' reactions to roadway events?
- Does message
potency affect drivers' reactions to roadway events?
Overall, the two
experiments reported here suggest that in-vehicle ATIS devices can be
learned, understood, and successfully used by drivers for both pre-drive
trip planning tasks and on-road driving conditions. ATIS devices have
the potential to improve driver compliance to regulatory information,
as compared with standard roadside signs. While concurrent visual and
auditory ATIS alert messages may be beneficial, the visual ATIS messages
alone are significantly better than roadside signage alone. While cognitive
demands associated with ATIS transitions and ATIS complexity should
continue to be a concern, these demands can be addressed by selecting
ATIS functions with clear benefits to the driving task.
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17.
Key Words:
Human Factors,
Driving Simulator, Advanced Traveler Information System Design, Function
Transition, Cognitive Task Analysis
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18.
Distribution Statement:
No restrictions.
This document is available through the National Technical Information
Service, Springfield, VA 22161
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19. Security Classif.
(of this report):
Unclassified
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20. Security Classif.
(of this page):
Unclassified
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21. No. of Pages
157
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22. Price |
Form DOT F 1700.7 (8-72)
Reproduction of completed page authorized
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