Environmental Health Perspectives Volume 105, Number 9, September 1997
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Factors Associated with Serum Levels of Estradiol and Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin among Premenopausal Japanese Women
Chisato Nagata,
1
Nobuyuki Kaneda,
2
Michinori Kabuto,
2
and Hiroyuki Shimizu
1
1
Department of Public Health, Gifu University School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
2
Urban Environment & Health Project, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Ibaraki, Japan
Abstract
We measured serum levels of estradiol (E
2
) and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) among 50 healthy premenopausal Japanese women in 1994 in Gifu, Japan, to investigate the relationships between potential risk factors for breast cancer and hormone levels. Using a self-administered questionnaire, we collected data on body size, physical activity, and previous disease history, as well as menstrual and reproductive histories of the woman and her mother. Blood samples were drawn from each subject on the 11th and 22nd days of her menstrual cycle. Higher serum E
2
levels were observed for women with shorter menstrual cycles. Age as well as cycle length were included in the regression models to determine the associations between hormone levels and study variables. Body mass index (BMI) was inversely related to SHBG level measured at the 11th day of the cycle, after adjusting for age and cycle length (
r
= -0.33;
p
= 0.03). Women born in spring/summer had higher levels of E
2
on the 22nd day (
p
= 0.07) and higher levels of SHBG on both the 11th and 22nd days of the cycle (
p
= 0.01 and
p
= 0.06, respectively) than those born in other seasons. Physical activity at 13-15 years of age was inversely related to E
2
level on the 11th day of the cycle after controlling for age, cycle length, BMI, and birth month (
r
= -0.35;
p
= 0.04).
Key words
: body mass index, estradiol, Japanese, month of birth, sex hormone-binding globulin, physical activity, premenopause.
Environ Health Perspect
105:994-997 (1997)
Address correspondence to C. Nagata, Department of Public Health, Gifu University School of Medicine, 40 Tsukasa-machi, Gifu, Gifu 500, Japan.
This study was supported in part by grant 06280108 from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Science, and Sports, Japan.
Received 4 February 1997; accepted 28 May 1997.
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