Suggested Reference Book List

Detailed information on the identification and ecology of the natural plant communities and endangered, threatened, and special concern plants and animals of Michigan may be found in the following references. This is not an exhaustive list, but is intended as a first step for developing an understanding of Michigan's rare species and the natural communities in which they live.

Animals - General

• Evers, D. C. 1994. Endangered and Threatened Wildlife of Michigan. Ann Arbor, MI. Univ. of MI Press. 412 pp.
• Farrand, J., ed. 1986. The Audubon Society Encyclopedia of Animal Life. Portland House. New York, NY. 606 pp.

Birds

• American Ornithologist's Union. 1993. The Birds of North America, Vol. 1 - 7 (No. 1 -560). The Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, PA and The American Ornithologist's Union, Washington, DC.
• Brewer, R., G. A. McPeek, and R. J. Adams, Jr. 1991. The Atlas of Breeding Birds of Michigan. East Lansing, MI. Mich. St. Univ. Press. 594 pp.
• Ehrlich., P. R., Dobkin, D. S., and D. Wheye. 1988. The Birders Handbook: A Field Guide to the Natural History of North American Birds. Simon and Schuster, Inc. New York, NY. 785 pp.
• Hagan III, J. M. and D. W. Johnston, ed. 1992. Ecology and Conservation of Neotropical Migrant Landbirds. Smithsonian Institution Press. Washington DC. 609 pp.
• Johnsgard, P. A. 1990. Hawks, Eagles and Falcons of North America: Biology and Natural History. Smithsonian Institution Press. Washington, DC. 403 pp.
• National Geographic Society. 1987. Field Guide to the Birds of North America, second edition. National Geographic Society. Washington, DC. 464 pp.
• Payne, R. B. 1983. A Distributional Checklist of the Birds of Michigan. Ann Arbor, MI. Museum of Zoology, Univ. of Mich. 71 pp.
• Robbins, C. S., B. Bruun, and H. S. Zim. 1966. A Guide to Field Identification, Birds of North America. New York, NY. Golden Press. 340 pp.
• Green, J.C. 1995. Birds and Forests: A Management and Conservation Guide. Minnesota Dept. of Nat. Res. St. Paul, MN. 182 pp.

Communities

• Albert, D. A.. 2000. Born of the Wind: An Introduction to the Ecology of Michigan Sand Dunes. Michigan Natural Features Inventory. 63 pp.
• Albert, D. A. 1994. Michigan's Landscape. Pages 5-28 in D. C. Evers, ed. Endangered and Threatened Wildlife of Michigan. University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor, MI.
• Albert, D. A. 1995. Regional Landscape Ecosystems of Michigan, Minnesota, and Wisconsin: A Working Map and Classification. 250 pp.
• Albert, D. A., S. R. Denton, and B. V. Barnes. 1986. Regional Landscape Ecosystems of Michigan. Ann Arbor, MI. School of Natural Resources, Univ. of Mich. 32 pp.
• Bailey, R. G. 1995. Description of the Ecoregions of the United States, 2d ed. Misc. Publ. No. 1391 (rev.). Washington, DC: USDA Forest Service. 108 pp.
• Comer, P. J. 1996. Wetland Trends in Michigan since 1800: a preliminary assessment. Lansing, MI. Report for USEPA and Michigan Department of Environmental Quality, Land and Water Management Division. 76 pp.
• Comer, P. J., and D. A. Albert. 1998. Presettlement Vegetation of Michigan: An Interpretation of the General Land Office Surveys. Michigan Natural Features Inventory. 2 maps.
• Comer, P. J., D. A. Albert, H. A. Wells, B. L. Hart, J. B. Raab, D. L. Price, D. M. Kashian, R. A. Corner, and D. W. Shuen.. 1995. Michigan's Native Landscape, as interpreted from the General Land Office Surveys 1816-1856. Michigan Natural Features Inventory. Lansing, MI. 76 pp.
• Crum, H. 1988. A Focus on Peatlands and Peat Mosses. Ann Arbor, MI. Univ. of Mich. Press. 306 pp.
• Curtis, J. T. 1959. The Vegetation of Wisconsin, An Ordination of Plant Communities. Madison, WI. The Univ. of WI Press. 657 pp.
• Daniel, G. and J. Sullivan. 1981. The North Woods of Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota. A Sierra Club Naturalists Guide. San Francisco, CA. 408 pp.
• Eggers, S. D. and D. M. Reed. 1987. Wetland Plants and Communities of Minnesota and Wisconsin. St. Paul. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. 201 pp.
• Faber-Langendoen, D. 2001. Plant Communities of the Midwest, Classification in an Ecological Context. Association for Biodiversity Information & The Nature Conservancy. 705 pp.
• Grossman, Dennis H., Goodin, Kathleen L, and Christine L Reuss, editors. 1994. Rare Plant Communities of the Conterminous United States, an Initial Survey. Arlington, VA. 620 pp.
• Keys, Jr., J. E. et al. 1995. Ecological Units of the Eastern United States: First Approximation. Altanta, GA: USDA Forest Service. 83pp.
• World Wildlife Fund. 1992. Statewide Wetlands Strategies, A Guide to Protecting and Managing the Resource. Island Press. Washington, DC. 268 pp.

Fishes

• Hubbs, C. L. and K. F. Lagler. 1958. Fishes of the Great Lakes Region. Ann Arbor, MI. Univ. of Mich. Press. 213 pp.
• Lee, D. S., et al. 1980. Atlas of North American Freshwater Fishes. North Carolina State Museum of Natural History. 853 pp.
• Scott, W. B. and E. J. Crossman. 1975(reprinted). Freshwater Fishes of Canada. Ottawa, Canada. Fisheries Research Board of Canada. 966 pp.
• Trautman, M. B. 1981. The Fishes of Ohio. Columbus, OH. Ohio State Univ. Press. 782 pp.

Insects

• Covell, C. V., Jr. 1984. A Field Guide to the Moths of Eastern North America. Boston, MA. Houghton Mifflin Company. 496 pp.
• Delong, D. M. 1948. The Leafhoppers, or Cicadellidae, of Illinois (Eurymelinae - Balcluthinea). Bull. Ill. Nat. Hist. Survey 24(2):97-376.
• Dunkle, S. W. 1989. Dragonflies of the Florida Peninsula, Bermuda and the Bahamas. Scientific Publishers. Gainesville, FL. 155 pp.
• Dunkle, S. W. 1990. Damselflies of the Florida Peninsula, Bermuda and the Bahamas. Scientific Publishers. Gainesville, FL. 148 pp.
• Forbes, W. T. M. 1948. Lepidoptera of New York and Neighboring States, Part II (Geometridae, Notodontidae, Sphingidae, Lymantriidae). Ithaca, NY. Cornell Univ. Agric. Exp. Sta. 263 pp.
• Forbes, W. T. M. 1954. Lepidoptera of New York and Neighboring States, Part III (Noctuidae). Ithaca, NY. Cornell Univ. Agric. Exp. Sta. 433 pp.
• Forbes, W. T. M. 1960. Lepidoptera of New York and Neighboring States, Part IV (Agaristidae through Lymphelidea). Ithaca, NY. Cornell Univ. Agric. Exp. Sta. 188 pp.
• Holland, W. J. 1968. The Moth Book, A Guide to the Moths of North America. New York, NY. Dover Publications Inc. 446 pp.
• Iftner, D. C., J. A. Shuey, and J. V. Calhoun. 1992. Butterflies and Skippers of Ohio. Ohio Biol. Surv. Bull. New Series Vol 9, No. 1. 212 pp.
• Kormondy, E. J. 1958. Catalogue of the Odonata of Michigan. Misc. Publ. Mus. Zool., Univ. of Mich. No. 104. 43 pp.
• Legler, K., D. Legler and D. Westover. 1995. Guide to Common Dragonflies of Wisconsin. Available from: Karl Legler, 429 Franklin St., Sauk City, WI 53583.
• McCafferty, W. P. 1981. Aquatic Entomology, The Fisherman's and Ecologists' Illustrated Guide to Insects and their Relatives. Jones and Bartlett. Boston, MA. 448 pp.
• Merritt, R. W. and K. W. Cummins. 1984. An Introduction to the Aquatic Insects of North America, Second Edition. Dubuque, IA. Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company. 722 pp.
• Miller, L. D. and F. M. Brown. 1981. A Catalogue/Checklist of the Butterflies of America North of Mexico. Lepidopterist's Society Memoir No. 2. 280 pp.
• Moore, S. 1955. An Annotated List of the Moths of Michigan Exclusive of Tineoidea (Lepidoptera). Misc. Publ. Museum of Zool., Univ. of Mich., No. 88. 87 pp.
• Moore, S. 1960. A Revised Annotated List of the Butterflies of Michigan. Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool., Univ. of Mich. No 617. 34 pp.
• Needham, J. G. and M. J. Westfall, Jr. 1955. A Manual of the Dragonflies of North America. Berkeley and Los Angeles. Univ. of California Press. 615 pp.
• Opler, P. A. and G. O. Krizek. 1984. Butterflies East of the Great Plains. Johns Hopkins Univ. Press. 294 pp.
• Opler, P. A. and V. Malikul. 1992. A Field Guide to Eastern Butterflies. Houghton Mifflin Co. Boston, MA. 396 pp.
• Otte, D. 1981. The North American Grasshoppers, Volume I, Acrididae, Gomphocerinae and Acridinae. Cambridge, MA. Harvard Univ. Press. 275 pp.
• Otte, D. 1984. The North American Grasshoppers, Volume II, Acrididae, Oedipodinae. Cambridge, MA. Harvard Univ. Press. 366 pp.
• Pyle, R. M. 1981. The Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Butterflies. New York, NY. Random House Inc. 916 pp.
• Rings, R. W. et al. 1992. The Owlet Moths of Ohio, Order Lepidoptera, Family Noctuidae. Ohio Biol. Surv. Bull. New Series Vol. 9, No. 2. 219 pp.
• Scott, J. A. 1986. The Butterflies of North America: A Natural History and Field Guide. Stanford Univ. Press. Stanford, CA 583 pp.
• Shull, E. M. 1987. The Butterflies of Indiana. Indiana University Press. Bloomington and Indianapolis, IN 262 pp.
• Usinger, R. L. 1968. Aquatic Insects of California. Berkeley and Los Angeles, CA. Univ. of California Press. 508 pp.
• Vickery, V. R. and D. K. M. Kevan. 1985. The Insects and Arachnids of Canada, Part 14. The Grasshoppers, Crickets, and Related Insects of Canada and Adjacent Regions. Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. Biosystematics Research Institute Publ. 1777. 918 pp.
• Walker, E. M. and P. S. Corbet. 1975. The Odonata of Canada and Alaska, Vol. III. Toronto, Canada. Univ. of Toronto Press. 308 pp.
• Westfall, M. J. and M. L. May. 1996. Damselflies of North America. Scientific Publishers. Gainesville, FL. 649 pp.
• White, R. E. 1983. A Field Guide to Beetles of North America. Houghton Mifflin Co. Boston, MA. 368 pp.
• Wilsmann, L. A. 1994. Insects: Species Accounts. Pages 332-392 in D. C. Evers, ed. Endangered and Threatened Wildlife of Michigan. University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor, MI.

Mammals

• Baker, R. H. 1983. Michigan Mammals. Detroit, MI. Mich. St. Univ. Press. 642 pp.
• Burt, W. H. 1957. Mammals of the Great Lakes Region. Ann Arbor, MI. Univ. of Mich. Press. 246 pp.
• Burt, W. H. and R. P. Grossenheider. 1976. A Field Guide to the Mammals. Boston, MA. Houghton Mifflin. 289 pp.
• Halfpenny, J. C. and E. A. Biesiot. 1986. A Field Guide to Mammal Tracking in North America. Boulder, CO. Johnson Publ. Co. 161 pp.
• Kurta, A. 1995. Mammals of the Great Lakes Region, revised edition. Ann Arbor, MI. Univ. of MI Press. 376 pp.

Molluscs

• Burch, J. B. and J. L. Tottenham. 1980. North American Freshwater Snails: Species List, Ranges and Illustrations. Walkerana, Vol. I; Transactions of the POETS Society, No. 3.
• Burch, J. B. and A. S. VanDevender. 1980. Identification of Eastern North American Land Snails: The Prosobranchia. Opisthobranchia, and Pulmonata (Actophila). Transactions of the POETS Society, No. 2.
• Clarke, A. H. 1973. The Freshwater Molluscs of the Canadian Interior Basin, Malacologia Vol.13. No. 1-2. Ann Arbor, MI. Univ. of Mich. 509 pp.
• Clarke, A. H. 1981. The Freshwater Molluscs of Canada. Ottawa, Canada. National Museums of Canada. 446 pp.
• D'Itri, F. M. 1997. Zebra Mussels and Aquatic Nuisance Species. Proceedings of the 6th International Zebra Mussel and other Aquatic Nuisance Species Conference. Chelsea, MI Ann Arbor Press. 638 pp.
• Pennak, R. W. 1978. Freshwater Invertebrates of the United States. New York, NY. John Wiley & Sons. 803 pp.

Plants

• Argus, G.W. & K.M. Pryer. Rare vascular plants in Canada, our natural heritage. 1990. Canadian Museum of Nature. Ottawa, Canada. 191 pp. + maps.
• Barnes, B. V. and W. H. Wagner Jr. 2004. Michigan Trees. A guide to the Trees of the Great Lakes Region. Second edition. Univ. of Mich. Press, Ann Arbor. 447 pp.
• Billington, C. 1952. Ferns of Michigan. Cranbrook Inst. Sci. Bull. 32. 240 pp.
• Braun, E. L. 1967. The Monocotyledonae of Ohio: Cat-tails to Orchids. Ohio State Univ. Press. Columbus, OH. 464 pp.
• Case, F. W., Jr. 1987. Orchids of the Western Great Lakes Region, revised ed. Cranbrook Institute Bull. 48. Bloomfield Hills, MI. Cranbrook Institute of Science. 251 pp.
• Case, F.W., Jr. and R.B. Case. 1997. Trilliums. Timber Press, Inc. Portland, OR. 285 pp.
• Chadde, S.W. 1998. A Great Lakes Wetland Flora. A complete, illustrated guide to the aquatic and wetland plants of the Upper Midwest. PocketFlora Press, Calumet, MI. 569 pp.
• Cody, W. J. & D. M. Britton. 1989. Ferns and fern allies of Canada. Research Branch, Agriculture Canada. Publication 1829/E. 430 pp.
• Coffin, B. and L. Pfannmuller, eds. 1988. Minnesota's Endangered Flora and Fauna. Minneapolis, MN. Univ. of Minnesota Press. 473 pp.
• Cooperrider, T.S. 1995. The Dicotyledoneae of Ohio Part 2. Linaceae through Campanulaceae. Columbus, OH. Ohio State Univ. Press. 656 pp.
• Cronquist, A., A. H. Holmgren, N. H. Holmgren, J. L. Reveal, & P. K. Holmgren. 1977. Intermountain Flora. Vol. 6. The Monocotyledons. Columbia University Press, New York. 584 pp.
• Crow, G.E. & C.B. Hellquist. 2000. Aquatic and Wetland Plants of Northeastern North America. Volume 1. Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms, and Angiosperms: Dicotyledons. University of Wisconsin Press, Madison. 480 pp.
• Crow, G.E. & C.B. Hellquist. 2000. Aquatic and Wetland Plants of Northeastern North America. Volume 2. Angiosperms: Monocotyledons. University of Wisconsin Press, Madison. 400 pp
• Crum, H. 1983. Mosses of the Great Lakes Forests. Revised Edition. Ann Arbor, MI. Univ. of Mich. Press. 417 pp.
• Crum, H. 1991. Liverworts and Hornworts of Southern Michigan. Ann Arbor, MI. Univ. of Mich. Herbarium. 233 pp.
• Crum, H. and L. A. Anderson. 1981. Mosses of Eastern North America, 2 vols. New York, NY. Columbia Univ. Press. 1328 pp.
• Deam, C. C. 1940. Flora of Indiana. Dep. Conservation, Indianapolis. 1236 pp.
• Dore, E. L. and J. McNeill. 1980. Grasses of Ontario. Agriculture Canada, Res. Monogr. 26: 566 pp.
• Dorn, R. D. 1984. Vascular plants of Montana. Mountain West Publishing. Cheyenne, Wyoming. 276 pp.
• Fassett, N. C. 1951. Grasses of Wisconsin: The taxonomy, ecology and distribution of the Gramineae growing in the state without cultivation. Madison, WI. Univ. of Wisconsin Press. 173 pp.
• Fassett, N. C. 1957. A Manual of Aquatic Plants, revised edition. (Eugene C. Ogden). Madison, WI. Univ. of Wisconsin Press. 405 pp.
• Fassett, N. C. 1976. Spring Flora of Wisconsin, revised edition. Madison, WI. Univ. of Wisconsin Press. 413 pp.
• Fernald, M. L. 1970. Gray's Manual of Botany. New York, NY. D. Van Nostrand Company. 1632 pp.
• Fisher, T.R. 1988. The Dicotyledoneae of Ohio. Part 3. Asteraceae. Ohio State Univ. Press, Columbus. x + 280 pp.
• Flora of North America Editorial Committee. 1993. Flora of North America, North of Mexico. Volume 1: Introduction. Oxford Univ. Press. New York, NY. 372 pp.
• Flora of North America Editorial Committee. 1993. Flora of North America, North of Mexico. Volume 2: Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms. Oxford Univ. Press. New York, NY. 475 pp.
• Flora of North America Editorial Committee. 1997. Flora of North America, North of Mexico. Volume 3: Magnoliophyta: Magnoliidae and Hamamelidae. Oxford Univ. Press. New York, NY. 590 pp.
• Flora of North America Editorial Committee. 2000. Flora of North America, North of Mexico. Volume 22: Magnoliaphyta: Alismatidae, Arecidae, Commelinidae (in part), and Zingiberidae. Oxford Univ. Press. New York, N.Y. 352 pp.
• Flora of North America Editorial Committee. 2002. Flora of North America, North of Mexico. Volume 23: Magnoliaphyta: Commelinidae (in part): Cyperaceae. Oxford Univ. Press. New York, N.Y. 608 pp.
• Flora of North America Editorial Committee. 2003. Flora of North America, North of Mexico. Volume 25: Magnoliaphyta: Commelinidae (in part): Poaceae, part 2. Oxford Univ. Press. New York, N.Y. 783 pp.
• Flora of North America Editorial Committee. 2002. Flora of North America, North of Mexico. Volume 26: Magnoliaphyta: Liliidae: Liliales and Orchidales. Oxford Univ. Press. New York, N.Y. 723 pp.
• Gleason, H. A. and A. Cronquist. 1991. Manual of Vascular Plants of Northeastern United States and Adjacent Canada, Second Edition. Bronx, NY. New York Botanical Garden. 910 pp.
• Godfrey, R. K. and J. W. Wooten. 1979. Aquatic and Wetland Plants of Southeastern United States. Monocotyledons. Athens, GA. Univ. of Georgia Press. 712 pp.
• Godfrey, R. K. and J. W. Wooten. 1981. Aquatic and Wetland Plants of Southeastern United States. Dicotyledons. Athens, GA. Univ. of Georgia Press. 933 pp.
• Great Plains Flora Association. 1986. Flora of the Great Plains. R. L. McGregor, Coordinator. T. M. Barkley, Editor. University Press of Kansas. 1392 pp.
• Great Plains Flora Association. 1977. Atlas of the Flora of the Great Plains. R. L. McGregor, Coordinator. T. M. Barkley, Editor. The Iowa State University Press. Ames. 600 pp.
• Guire, K. E., and E. G. Voss. 1963. Distributions of distinctive shoreline plants in the Great Lakes region. Mich. Bot. 2: 99 114.
• Hitchcock, A. S. 1951. Manual of the Grasses of the United States. Ed. 2 (revised by A. Chase). Washington, DC. USDA Misc. Publ. 200. 1051 pp.
• Hitchcock, C. L. & A. Cronquist. 1973. Flora of the Pacific Northwest, an Illustrated Manual. Univ. of Washington Press, Seattle. 730 pp.
• Holmgren, N.H. 1998. Illustrated Comnpanion to Gleason and Cronquist's Manual. Illustrations of the vascular plants of Northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, NY. 937 pp.
• Hultén, E. 1968. Flora of Alaska and neighboring territories. Stanford University Press. 1008 pp.
• Lellinger, D. B. 1985. A Field Manual of Ferns and Fern Allies of the United States and Canada. Washington, DC. Smithsonian Inst. Press. 389 pp.
• Marquis, R. J., & E. G. Voss. 1981. Distributions of some western North American plants disjunct in the Great Lakes Region. Mich. Bot. 20: 53-82.
• McCance, R. M. & J.F. Burns. 1984. Ohio Endangered and Threatened Vascular Plants, Abstracts of State-Listed Taxa. Division of Natural Areas and Preserves, Dept. of Natural Resources. Columbus, OH. 635 pp.
• Mickel, J. T. 1979. How to Know the Ferns and Fern Allies. Dubuque, IA. Wm. C. Brown Company Publishers. 229 pp.
• Mitchell, R.S. and J. K. Dean. 1982. Ranunculaceae (Crowfoot Family) of New York State. Bulletin No. 446, New York State Museum.
• Mohlenbrock, R. H. 1986. Guide to the Vascular Flora of Illinois. Carbondale, IL. Southern Illinois Univ. Press. 507 pp.
• Morton, J. K. & J. M. Venn. 1987. The flora of the Tobermory Islands, Bruce Peninsula National Park. Univ. of Waterloo Biology Series, No. 31. 92 pp.
• Morton, J. K., & J. M. Venn. 1984. The Flora of Manitoulin Island. 2nd ed. Univ. Waterloo Biol. Ser. 28. 106 pp.
• Peck, J. H. & W. C. Taylor. 1980. Check list and distributions of Wisconsin Ferns and Fern Allies. Mich. Bot. 19:251-268.
• Rabeler, R.K. 1998. Gleason's Plants of Michigan, a Field Guide. Revised edition. Oakleaf Press, Ann Arbor, MI. 398 pp.
• Radford, A. E., H. E. Ahles, & C. R. Bell. 1968. Manual of the vascular flora of the Carolinas. Univ. of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill. 1183 pp.
• Read, R. H. 1975. Vascular plants of Pictured Rocks National Lakeshore, Alger County, Michigan. Mich. Bot. 14: 3-43.
• Scoggan, H. J. 1978. The Flora of Canada. Nat. Mus. Nat. Sci. Publ. Botany. Vol. 1 -4. 1711 pp.
• Semple, J. C. and G. C. Ringius. 1992. The Goldenrods of Ontario: Solidago L and Euthamia Nutt. Revised edition. Univ. Waterloo Biol. Ser. 36. 82 pp.
• Semple, J. C. and S. B. Heard. 1987. The Asters of Ontario: Aster L. and Virgulus Raf. (Compositae: Asteraceae). Univ. Waterloo Biol. Ser. 30. 88 pp.
• Soper, J. H. and M. L. Heimburger. 1982. Shrubs of Ontario. Toronto, Canada. The Royal Ontario Museum. 495 pp.
• Steyermark, J. A. 1963. Flora of Missouri. Iowa State Univ. Press, Ames. lxxxiii + 1725 pp.
• Swink, F. & G. Wilhelm. 1994. Plants of the Chicago Region, 4th ed. Indiana Acad. Sci., Indianapolis. 921 pp.
• Voss, E. G. 1972. Michigan Flora. Part I, Gymnosperms and Monocotyledons. Cranbrook Inst. Sci. Bull. 55. Bloomfield Hills, MI. Cranbrook Institute of Science. 488 pp.
• Voss, E. G. 1985. Michigan Flora. Part II, Dicots (Saururaceae - Cornaceae). Cranbrook Inst. Sci. Bull. 59. Bloomfield Hills, MI. Cranbrook Institute of Science. 724 pp.
• Voss, E.G. 1996. Michigan Flora Part III Dicots (Pyrolaceae-Compositae). Cranbrook Inst. Sci. Bull. 61 & Univ. Michigan Herb. 622 pp.
• Whiting, R.E. & P.M. Catling. 1986. Orchids of Ontario. The CanaColl Foundation. Ottawa, Canada. 169 pp.

Reptiles & Amphibians

• Conant, R. 1975. A Field Guide to Reptiles and Amphibians of Eastern and Central North America, Second Edition. Boston, MA. Houghton Mifflin Company. 429 pp.
• Ernst, C. H., Lovich, J. E., and R. W. Barbour. 1994. Turtles of the United States and Canada. Smithsonian Institution Press. Washington, DC. 578 pp.
• Harding, J.H. 1997. Amphibians and Reptiles of the Great Lakes Region. Ann Arbor, MI. Univ. of MI Press. 378 pp.
• Harding, J. H. and J. A. Holman. 1990. Michigan Turtles & Lizards. East Lansing, MI. MSU Coop. Ext. Serv. 94 pp.
• Harding, J. H. and J. A. Holman. 1992. Michigan Frogs, Toads and Salamanders. East Lansing, MI. MSU Coop. Ext. Serv. 144 pp.
• Holman, J. A. et al. 1989. Michigan Snakes. East Lansing, MI. MSU Coop. Ext. Serv. 72 pp.
• Oliver, J. A. 1955. The Natural History of North American Amphibians and Reptiles. Princeton, NJ. D. Van Nostrand Co., Inc.

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