"Navigation" (as used within the
CMG InfoBank )
is the position of a platform at a specific time.
The position is commonly a latitude, longitude pair.
UTM x/y coordinates are sometimes used.
Latitudes and longitudes
Latitudes are parallel to the Equator and range from -90 degrees (South Pole) to+90 degrees (North Pole).
The northern hemisphere has positive latitudes.
The southern hemisphere has negative latitudes.
Longitudes are perpendicular to the Equator are range from -180 degrees (International Date Line)
to +179.99999... degrees (just west of the International Date Line).
Under this convention -- the western hemisphere has negative longitudes and the eastern hemisphere
has positive longitudes.
UTMs
UTM x/y coordinates are a rectangular coordinate system with units in meters from the equator
(the "y" value) and meters from a central meridian (the "x" value).
The central meridian defines a 6 degree wide zone.
The zone must beknown for uniqueness.
Zone 1 starts at the International Date Line, has a central meridian 3 degrees counterclockwise
around the earth from there (-177d), and continues another 3degrees.
Zone 2 has a central meridian of -171d (-177 - 6), and so on around the globe.
Derivative information
Course, speed, distance, and Eotvos are derived from pairs of positions and their associated times.
information about navigation analog paper rolls, inventory of gear, deployment of gear, operation of gear,
magnetic tapes and floppies, paper printer listings, and platform movements.