The 1840 Census was the first to include statistics on agriculture. Since then, each subsequent census has continued to gauge the overall picture of U.S. agriculture. Many of these are available on-line through the U.S. Census Bureau website or, here as PDFs:
1840 | 1850 | 1860 | 1870 | 1880 | 1890| 1900 | 1910 | 1920 | 1930 | 1940 | 1950 |
1840 Census of Agriculture
1850 Census of Agriculture
1860 Census of Agriculture
1870 Census of Agriculture
1880 Census of Agriculture
1890 Census of Agriculture
1900 Census of Agriculture
1910 Census of Agriculture
1920 Census of Agriculture
1930 Census of Agriculture
1940 Census of Agriculture
1950 Census of Agriculture
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