Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC National Compensation Survey
(NCS) Bulletin
NC BL 03/00/2008 Table: Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, Bulletin, July 2007
Table 1. Summary: Mean hourly earnings(1) and weekly hours for selected worker and establishment characteristics, Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC,
July 2007
Civilian Private industry State and local government
workers workers workers
Hourly earnings Hourly earnings Hourly earnings
Worker and establishment
characteristics Mean Mean Mean
weekly weekly weekly
Relative hours(- Relative hours(- Relative hours(-
Mean error(2) 3) Mean error(2) 3) Mean error(2) 3)
(percen- (percen- (percen-
t) t) t)
All workers........................................................... $16.24 2.9 33.7 $15.16 3.3 33.3 $22.32 3.8 36.0
Worker characteristics(4)(5)
Management, professional, and related............................... 26.09 5.1 36.1 24.99 7.2 36.5 28.67 4.7 35.3
Management, business, and financial............................... 31.55 9.2 39.3 30.51 10.2 39.4 37.82 22.7 38.8
Professional and related.......................................... 23.77 4.4 34.9 21.84 6.5 35.0 27.15 3.4 34.8
Service............................................................. 10.14 5.9 28.0 8.88 5.5 26.8 16.59 10.5 36.0
Sales and office.................................................... 13.18 4.6 33.0 12.91 5.1 32.7 15.86 6.1 36.9
Sales and related................................................. 12.63 10.0 32.0 12.57 10.2 31.9 – – –
Office and administrative support................................. 13.59 1.9 33.9 13.20 1.8 33.4 15.84 6.2 36.6
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance.................... 16.14 5.7 38.1 16.11 6.6 37.9 16.32 7.1 40.0
Construction and extraction...................................... 16.08 8.5 38.2 15.99 9.9 37.9 16.60 9.0 40.0
Installation, maintenance, and repair............................. 16.25 3.8 38.0 16.34 4.1 37.7 – – –
Production, transportation, and material moving..................... 13.48 9.2 36.6 13.46 9.4 36.8 13.98 3.3 30.8
Production........................................................ 16.81 14.1 39.6 16.81 14.1 39.6 – – –
Transportation and material moving................................ 11.03 9.7 34.7 10.88 10.2 34.9 13.98 3.3 30.8
Full time........................................................... 18.01 2.7 39.4 16.90 3.3 39.7 23.05 4.0 38.3
Part time........................................................... 9.72 5.7 21.9 9.60 5.9 22.1 12.12 14.1 19.4
Union............................................................... 17.03 7.6 36.1 17.03 7.6 36.1 – – –
Nonunion............................................................ 16.20 2.9 33.6 15.02 3.4 33.1 22.32 3.8 36.0
Time................................................................ 16.08 3.0 33.5 14.91 3.5 33.1 22.32 3.8 36.0
Incentive........................................................... 21.07 9.4 39.1 21.07 9.4 39.1 – – –
Establishment characteristics
Goods producing..................................................... (6) (6) (6) 19.09 7.6 39.0 (6) (6) (6)
Service providing................................................... (6) (6) (6) - - - (6) (6) (6)
1-99 workers........................................................ 13.41 4.4 31.9 13.38 4.6 31.8 – – –
100-499 workers..................................................... 15.51 8.4 35.2 14.73 9.1 34.9 21.03 6.4 37.5
500 workers or more................................................. 22.25 4.5 36.2 21.38 7.5 37.0 23.47 4.1 35.3
1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay.
Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and
dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information.
2 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval"
around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A.
3 Mean weekly hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a week, exclusive of overtime.
4 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Union workers are
those whose wages are determined through collective bargaining. Wages of time workers are based solely on hourly rate or salary; incentive workers are those
whose wages are at least partially based on productivity payments such as piece rates, commissions, and production bonuses.
5 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information.
6 Classification of establishments into goods-producing and service-providing industries applies to private industry only. Industries are determined by the
2002 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS).
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria.
SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
Table 2. Civilian workers: Mean hourly earnings(1) for full-time and part-time workers(2) by work levels(3), Virginia
Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2007
Total Full-time workers Part-time workers
Occupation(4) and level
Relative Relative Relative
Mean error(5) Mean error(5) Mean error(5)
(percent) (percent) (percent)
All workers........................................................... $16.24 2.9 $18.01 2.7 $9.72 5.7
Management occupations.............................................. 36.32 11.5 36.69 11.9 – –
Level 11.................................................. 36.40 3.3 36.40 3.3 – –
Not able to be leveled.................................... 33.22 5.3 34.61 5.2 – –
Financial managers................................................ 28.80 5.0 28.11 5.6 – –
Business and financial operations occupations....................... 25.23 3.4 25.38 3.5 – –
Level 9 .................................................. 24.82 3.8 25.47 4.3 – –
Not able to be leveled.................................... 23.60 5.2 23.63 5.4 – –
Buyers and purchasing agents...................................... 20.75 9.9 20.75 9.9 – –
Human resources, training, and labor relations specialists........ 27.97 15.0 27.97 15.0 – –
Accountants and auditors.......................................... 25.07 2.7 25.53 3.0 – –
Computer and mathematical science occupations....................... 22.49 11.0 22.49 11.0 – –
Not able to be leveled.................................... 21.61 11.5 21.61 11.5 – –
Architecture and engineering occupations............................ 26.31 8.5 26.31 8.5 – –
Level 9 .................................................. 29.52 5.1 29.52 5.1 – –
Engineers......................................................... 30.85 3.6 30.85 3.6 – –
Level 9 .................................................. 27.68 6.1 27.68 6.1 – –
Engineering technicians, except drafters.......................... 23.00 13.8 23.00 13.8 – –
Community and social services occupations........................... 18.13 12.3 18.33 12.7 – –
Counselors........................................................ 21.01 20.5 – – – –
Education, training, and library occupations........................ 27.89 3.8 29.51 3.2 14.65 15.6
Level 4 .................................................. 12.75 2.8 12.75 2.8 – –
Level 6 .................................................. 12.70 12.4 – – – –
Level 7 .................................................. 21.87 2.7 – – – –
Level 9 .................................................. 32.46 1.8 32.46 1.8 – –
Not able to be leveled.................................... 28.90 28.3 – – – –
Postsecondary teachers............................................ 32.80 12.4 35.92 8.7 15.25 32.8
Not able to be leveled.................................... 36.00 13.7 – – – –
Miscellaneous postsecondary teachers............................ 26.10 18.5 – – – –
Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... 31.82 1.3 31.82 1.3 – –
Level 9 .................................................. 32.12 .9 32.12 .9 – –
Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 31.32 2.7 31.32 2.7 – –
Level 9 .................................................. 31.82 3.0 31.82 3.0 – –
Elementary school teachers, except special education.......... 30.54 1.4 30.54 1.4 – –
Level 9 .................................................. 30.91 2.1 30.91 2.1 – –
Middle school teachers, except special and vocational
education.................................................... 32.99 4.6 32.99 4.6 – –
Level 9 .................................................. 33.89 2.8 33.89 2.8 – –
Secondary school teachers....................................... 31.87 2.1 31.87 2.1 – –
Level 9 .................................................. 31.99 1.8 31.99 1.8 – –
Secondary school teachers, except special and vocational
education.................................................... 31.43 1.6 31.43 1.6 – –
Level 9 .................................................. 31.55 1.6 31.55 1.6 – –
Other teachers and instructors.................................... 14.96 13.7 – – 13.65 19.0
Teacher assistants................................................ 12.37 .1 12.37 .1 – –
Level 4 .................................................. 12.75 2.8 12.75 2.8 – –
Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations.......... 26.56 7.9 27.35 6.8 – –
Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 22.80 13.0 22.43 14.9 26.94 9.4
Level 4 .................................................. 12.66 9.8 12.66 9.8 – –
Level 5 .................................................. 16.85 3.5 16.85 3.5 – –
Level 8 .................................................. 21.83 4.1 21.19 3.1 – –
Level 9 .................................................. 28.29 3.0 27.52 2.7 33.22 10.7
Registered nurses................................................. 24.12 6.0 23.28 7.0 27.45 1.5
Level 8 .................................................. 24.82 2.9 24.48 2.2 – –
Level 9 .................................................. 26.21 1.3 – – 28.38 1.6
Health diagnosing and treating practitioner support technicians... 12.33 8.7 12.33 8.7 – –
Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses................. 16.39 1.0 16.31 1.4 – –
Healthcare support occupations...................................... 11.51 5.6 12.23 9.4 10.05 9.5
Level 2 .................................................. 9.60 4.4 – – 9.46 5.6
Level 3 .................................................. 11.15 4.3 10.98 2.0 – –
Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................... 10.23 3.6 10.68 .8 9.52 4.9
Level 2 .................................................. 9.57 4.7 – – – –
Level 3 .................................................. 10.86 2.0 10.97 2.2 – –
Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants........................ 10.47 1.2 10.68 .8 10.01 1.5
Level 3 .................................................. 10.86 2.0 10.97 2.2 – –
Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations...................... 10.95 8.6 – – – –
Protective service occupations...................................... 13.23 11.7 14.73 11.2 8.00 4.7
Level 6 .................................................. 17.91 4.0 17.91 4.0 – –
Police officers................................................... 19.81 5.1 19.81 5.1 – –
Police and sheriff's patrol officers............................ 19.81 5.1 19.81 5.1 – –
Security guards and gaming surveillance officers.................. 8.87 4.6 9.46 5.9 – –
Security guards................................................. 8.87 4.6 9.46 5.9 – –
Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 8.41 8.5 9.33 19.6 8.15 15.8
Level 1 .................................................. 7.68 12.5 – – 7.51 13.6
Level 2 .................................................. 6.03 4.0 – – 6.58 7.8
Cooks............................................................. 7.83 1.8 – – 7.83 1.8
Food service, tipped.............................................. 8.43 18.6 – – 9.39 28.1
Level 2 .................................................. 3.09 13.1 – – 3.44 36.6
Waiters and waitresses.......................................... 3.21 24.6 – – 2.19 6.4
Level 2 .................................................. 2.35 7.5 – – – –
Fast food and counter workers..................................... 6.97 5.2 – – 6.77 6.4
Level 2 .................................................. 7.67 9.0 – – 7.67 9.0
Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast
food........................................................... 6.95 5.2 – – 6.75 6.6
Level 2 .................................................. 7.63 9.5 – – 7.63 9.5
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 11.41 8.8 11.36 7.8 11.51 21.2
Level 2 .................................................. 12.74 26.2 – – – –
Building cleaning workers......................................... 11.28 10.0 11.14 9.6 11.51 21.2
Level 2 .................................................. 12.74 26.2 – – – –
Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 11.92 14.5 12.51 19.0 11.51 21.2
Personal care and service occupations............................... 7.53 10.9 – – 7.05 6.0
Level 1 .................................................. 6.94 3.3 – – 6.85 3.9
Recreation and fitness workers.................................... 10.86 9.6 – – 9.03 7.3
Recreation workers.............................................. 10.79 10.2 – – – –
Sales and related occupations....................................... 12.63 10.0 14.25 10.5 8.10 5.3
Level 1 .................................................. 6.79 5.8 – – 6.49 3.8
Level 2 .................................................. 7.80 6.5 – – 8.08 4.8
Level 3 .................................................. 10.26 3.9 10.65 5.0 – –
Level 4 .................................................. 12.76 11.6 13.18 13.6 – –
Level 5 .................................................. 17.85 5.7 17.85 5.7 – –
Not able to be leveled.................................... 26.68 43.5 – – – –
First-line supervisors/managers, sales workers.................... 16.58 6.0 16.58 6.0 – –
First-line supervisors/managers of retail sales workers......... 16.17 5.9 16.17 5.9 – –
Retail sales workers.............................................. 9.54 2.8 10.39 4.1 7.98 5.0
Level 1 .................................................. 6.79 5.8 – – 6.49 3.8
Level 2 .................................................. 7.67 7.0 – – 7.76 2.3
Level 3 .................................................. 10.42 4.2 10.83 5.4 – –
Level 4 .................................................. 11.53 2.6 11.80 3.6 – –
Cashiers, all workers........................................... 8.82 4.4 – – 7.71 4.1
Level 2 .................................................. 8.13 6.9 – – 7.75 2.6
Level 3 .................................................. 11.13 6.2 – – – –
Cashiers...................................................... 8.82 4.4 – – 7.71 4.1
Level 2 .................................................. 8.13 6.9 – – 7.75 2.6
Level 3 .................................................. 11.13 6.2 – – – –
Retail salespersons............................................. 10.13 6.4 11.40 2.4 8.15 10.5
Level 1 .................................................. 6.30 .0 – – – –
Level 4 .................................................. – – 11.73 4.3 – –
Office and administrative support occupations....................... 13.59 1.9 13.88 2.1 12.31 2.1
Level 2 .................................................. 9.96 4.9 10.31 4.2 8.97 8.6
Level 3 .................................................. 13.51 5.1 14.10 5.5 9.86 3.7
Level 4 .................................................. 13.13 2.3 13.12 2.7 13.18 4.2
Level 5 .................................................. 14.46 7.0 14.74 6.5 – –
Level 6 .................................................. 17.21 5.4 17.62 7.7 – –
Not able to be leveled.................................... 15.34 7.3 15.66 6.7 – –
Financial clerks.................................................. 15.07 5.0 15.09 8.2 – –
Level 4 .................................................. 13.32 5.0 12.57 7.5 – –
Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks.................... – – 15.64 14.9 – –
Customer service representatives.................................. 13.12 3.8 13.16 3.9 – –
Level 4 .................................................. 12.99 3.0 13.05 3.2 – –
Order clerks...................................................... 9.82 6.5 – – – –
Receptionists and information clerks.............................. 11.10 3.0 11.47 4.5 – –
Stock clerks and order fillers.................................... 9.53 9.4 10.00 6.7 – –
Level 2 .................................................. 9.26 11.5 – – – –
Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 13.71 4.8 14.11 5.3 11.39 8.9
Level 4 .................................................. 12.55 3.8 12.54 4.3 – –
Executive secretaries and administrative assistants............. 15.09 6.4 15.39 5.7 – –
Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive............... 11.69 7.1 – – – –
Office clerks, general............................................ 13.51 4.9 14.16 5.2 10.11 2.6
Level 3 .................................................. 13.00 8.2 13.59 8.5 – –
Construction and extraction occupations............................. 16.08 8.5 16.20 8.5 – –
Level 2 .................................................. 10.34 3.5 10.46 3.4 – –
Level 3 .................................................. 12.66 2.4 12.66 2.4 – –
Level 5 .................................................. 17.12 3.2 17.12 3.2 – –
Level 6 .................................................. 17.69 6.4 17.62 6.5 – –
Level 7 .................................................. 21.42 3.3 21.42 3.3 – –
First-line supervisors/managers of construction trades and
extraction workers............................................... 25.54 11.4 25.54 11.4 – –
Construction laborers............................................. 10.98 .8 10.98 .8 – –
Construction equipment operators.................................. 14.93 5.5 14.93 5.5 – –
Operating engineers and other construction equipment operators.. 14.93 5.5 14.93 5.5 – –
Electricians...................................................... 17.55 3.1 17.55 3.1 – –
Pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters............... 17.02 8.7 17.02 8.7 – –
Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters......................... 18.65 5.1 18.65 5.1 – –
Helpers, construction trades...................................... 9.72 7.0 – – – –
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 16.25 3.8 16.55 4.0 12.82 11.0
Level 2 .................................................. 10.41 8.5 – – – –
Level 3 .................................................. 10.30 3.5 – – – –
Level 5 .................................................. 16.28 5.3 16.28 5.3 – –
Level 6 .................................................. 19.66 1.2 19.66 1.2 – –
Level 7 .................................................. 23.53 5.6 24.66 7.2 – –
Miscellaneous electrical and electronic equipment mechanics,
installers, and repairers........................................ 15.30 3.5 – – – –
Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers 20.28 20.4 20.60 20.4 – –
Miscellaneous installation, maintenance, and repair workers....... 13.63 15.7 13.93 18.0 – –
Helpers--installation, maintenance, and repair workers.......... 11.19 11.9 – – – –
Production occupations.............................................. 16.81 14.1 17.06 14.5 – –
Level 2 .................................................. 9.79 10.6 9.79 10.6 – –
Level 3 .................................................. 18.41 18.2 – – – –
Level 4 .................................................. 14.61 4.4 14.61 4.4 – –
Level 5 .................................................. 17.66 2.4 17.66 2.4 – –
Level 6 .................................................. 18.58 4.5 18.58 4.5 – –
Level 7 .................................................. 19.70 3.3 19.70 3.3 – –
First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating
workers.......................................................... 27.26 16.8 27.26 16.8 – –
Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators.......................... 16.43 32.1 16.43 32.1 – –
Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers.............. 10.72 8.7 11.36 14.2 – –
Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 11.03 9.7 12.05 6.9 7.87 3.6
Level 1 .................................................. 8.36 10.4 9.18 14.3 7.18 7.6
Level 2 .................................................. 9.55 7.2 10.03 5.0 – –
Level 3 .................................................. 11.06 8.8 11.39 11.8 – –
Level 4 .................................................. 14.55 3.5 14.71 3.8 – –
Level 5 .................................................. 13.31 21.3 13.31 21.3 – –
Bus drivers....................................................... 14.11 2.3 14.19 2.2 – –
Bus drivers, school............................................. 14.11 2.3 14.19 2.2 – –
Driver/sales workers and truck drivers............................ 12.34 10.1 12.36 10.3 – –
Level 4 .................................................. 15.44 11.2 15.44 11.2 – –
Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer........................ 12.66 13.3 12.66 13.3 – –
Truck drivers, light or delivery services....................... 14.35 12.5 – – – –
Industrial truck and tractor operators............................ 12.30 7.0 12.91 6.6 – –
Level 2 .................................................. 10.39 2.6 10.39 2.6 – –
Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 9.28 9.0 10.73 6.2 7.69 8.6
Level 1 .................................................. 8.24 8.2 9.69 3.9 7.35 8.8
Level 2 .................................................. 8.76 7.6 – – – –
Level 4 .................................................. 12.87 11.4 – – – –
Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand.......... 9.18 11.7 10.94 10.5 7.53 10.7
Level 1 .................................................. 7.67 10.4 – – 7.15 9.3
Level 4 .................................................. 12.87 11.4 – – – –
Packers and packagers, hand..................................... 8.56 4.6 – – – –
1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments,
and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by
totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information.
2 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment.
Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as
part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.
3 Each occupation for which data are collected in an establishment is evaluated based on four factors, including knowledge, job
controls and complexity, contacts, and physical environment. The knowledge factor is tailored to 24 families of closely related jobs.
Points are assigned based on the occupation's rank within each factor. The points are summed to determine the overall level of the
occupation. See appendix A for more information.
4 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more
information.
5 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a
"confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may
include data for categories not shown separately
Table 3. Private industry workers: Mean hourly earnings(1) for full-time and part-time workers(2) by work levels(3), Virginia
Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2007
Total Full-time workers Part-time workers
Occupation(4) and level
Relative Relative Relative
Mean error(5) Mean error(5) Mean error(5)
(percent) (percent) (percent)
All workers........................................................... $15.16 3.3 $16.90 3.3 $9.60 5.9
Management occupations.............................................. 34.22 13.2 34.29 13.8 – –
Level 11.................................................. 36.63 3.7 36.63 3.7 – –
Not able to be leveled.................................... 34.12 5.4 34.78 7.0 – –
Financial managers................................................ 28.65 5.9 27.80 6.8 – –
Business and financial operations occupations....................... 25.66 4.0 25.87 4.0 – –
Level 9 .................................................. 25.38 3.7 26.44 2.3 – –
Not able to be leveled.................................... 23.76 5.2 23.80 5.4 – –
Buyers and purchasing agents...................................... 20.75 9.9 20.75 9.9 – –
Accountants and auditors.......................................... – – 25.63 3.3 – –
Architecture and engineering occupations............................ 26.74 8.5 26.74 8.5 – –
Level 9 .................................................. 29.52 5.1 29.52 5.1 – –
Engineers......................................................... 30.85 3.6 30.85 3.6 – –
Level 9 .................................................. 27.68 6.1 27.68 6.1 – –
Community and social services occupations........................... 15.99 11.4 – – – –
Education, training, and library occupations........................ 25.51 9.9 29.12 12.6 11.57 13.8
Level 7 .................................................. 21.63 3.1 – – – –
Level 9 .................................................. 35.24 19.4 35.24 19.4 – –
Postsecondary teachers............................................ 26.98 10.5 – – – –
Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... 30.98 19.5 30.98 19.5 – –
Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 30.40 17.3 30.40 17.3 – –
Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations.......... 27.13 8.7 – – – –
Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 22.31 14.9 21.87 17.3 26.79 10.1
Level 4 .................................................. 12.87 12.1 12.87 12.1 – –
Level 5 .................................................. 16.89 3.7 16.89 3.7 – –
Level 8 .................................................. 21.39 4.5 20.58 2.3 – –
Level 9 .................................................. 28.09 3.1 27.26 2.8 33.22 10.7
Registered nurses................................................. 23.66 6.8 22.65 7.9 27.28 1.1
Level 8 .................................................. 24.79 3.5 24.35 2.7 – –
Level 9 .................................................. 26.21 1.3 – – 28.38 1.6
Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses................. 16.39 1.2 – – – –
Healthcare support occupations...................................... 11.50 5.6 12.23 9.4 10.00 9.6
Level 2 .................................................. 9.60 4.4 – – 9.46 5.6
Level 3 .................................................. 11.15 4.3 10.98 2.0 – –
Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................... 10.20 3.7 10.68 .8 9.43 4.9
Level 2 .................................................. 9.57 4.7 – – – –
Level 3 .................................................. 10.86 2.0 10.97 2.2 – –
Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants........................ 10.45 1.5 10.68 .8 9.90 1.6
Level 3 .................................................. 10.86 2.0 10.97 2.2 – –
Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations...................... 10.95 8.6 – – – –
Protective service occupations...................................... 8.40 1.1 8.66 1.3 8.00 4.7
Security guards and gaming surveillance officers.................. 8.30 1.4 – – – –
Security guards................................................. 8.30 1.4 – – – –
Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 8.36 8.9 9.21 20.2 8.13 16.2
Level 1 .................................................. 7.68 12.5 – – 7.51 13.6
Level 2 .................................................. 5.94 3.9 – – 6.48 7.9
Cooks............................................................. 7.75 1.9 – – 7.75 1.9
Food service, tipped.............................................. 8.42 19.1 – – 9.40 28.7
Level 2 .................................................. 2.78 12.4 – – 2.79 30.5
Waiters and waitresses.......................................... 3.21 24.6 – – 2.19 6.4
Level 2 .................................................. 2.35 7.5 – – – –
Fast food and counter workers..................................... 6.77 6.3 – – 6.75 6.6
Level 2 .................................................. 7.63 9.5 – – 7.63 9.5
Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast
food........................................................... 6.77 6.3 – – 6.75 6.6
Level 2 .................................................. 7.63 9.5 – – 7.63 9.5
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 11.65 11.3 11.70 11.8 – –
Building cleaning workers......................................... 11.54 12.2 11.50 13.6 – –
Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 12.70 19.7 – – – –
Personal care and service occupations............................... 6.83 3.5 – – 6.78 4.3
Level 1 .................................................. 6.96 3.6 – – – –
Sales and related occupations....................................... 12.57 10.2 14.21 10.8 8.10 5.3
Level 1 .................................................. 6.79 5.8 – – 6.49 3.8
Level 2 .................................................. 7.80 6.5 – – 8.08 4.8
Level 3 .................................................. 10.20 4.2 10.58 5.4 – –
Level 4 .................................................. 12.76 11.6 13.18 13.6 – –
Level 5 .................................................. 17.67 6.4 17.67 6.4 – –
Not able to be leveled.................................... 26.68 43.5 – – – –
First-line supervisors/managers, sales workers.................... 16.32 6.2 16.32 6.2 – –
First-line supervisors/managers of retail sales workers......... 15.86 6.2 15.86 6.2 – –
Retail sales workers.............................................. 9.51 2.8 10.36 4.2 7.98 5.0
Level 1 .................................................. 6.79 5.8 – – 6.49 3.8
Level 2 .................................................. 7.67 7.0 – – 7.76 2.3
Level 3 .................................................. 10.36 4.5 10.77 5.8 – –
Level 4 .................................................. 11.53 2.6 11.80 3.6 – –
Cashiers, all workers........................................... 8.72 4.6 – – 7.71 4.1
Level 2 .................................................. 8.13 6.9 – – 7.75 2.6
Cashiers...................................................... 8.72 4.6 – – 7.71 4.1
Level 2 .................................................. 8.13 6.9 – – 7.75 2.6
Retail salespersons............................................. 10.13 6.4 11.40 2.4 8.15 10.5
Level 1 .................................................. 6.30 .0 – – – –
Level 4 .................................................. – – 11.73 4.3 – –
Office and administrative support occupations....................... 13.20 1.8 13.38 2.1 12.49 2.1
Level 2 .................................................. 10.01 4.9 10.31 4.2 9.03 9.6
Level 3 .................................................. 13.51 5.1 14.10 5.5 9.86 3.7
Level 4 .................................................. 13.00 2.5 12.92 2.9 13.25 4.4
Level 5 .................................................. 14.09 9.5 14.46 9.1 – –
Level 6 .................................................. 17.07 6.9 17.58 11.3 – –
Financial clerks.................................................. 14.73 5.0 14.56 8.7 – –
Level 4 .................................................. 13.32 5.0 12.57 7.5 – –
Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks.................... – – 15.64 14.9 – –
Customer service representatives.................................. 13.16 3.9 13.16 3.9 – –
Level 4 .................................................. 13.05 3.2 13.05 3.2 – –
Order clerks...................................................... 9.82 6.5 – – – –
Receptionists and information clerks.............................. 11.10 3.0 11.47 4.5 – –
Stock clerks and order fillers.................................... 9.53 9.4 10.00 6.7 – –
Level 2 .................................................. 9.26 11.5 – – – –
Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 12.59 4.1 12.94 4.9 11.39 8.9
Level 4 .................................................. 12.46 4.0 12.43 4.6 – –
Executive secretaries and administrative assistants............. – – 13.58 4.3 – –
Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive............... 11.74 9.6 – – – –
Office clerks, general............................................ 13.41 5.4 14.00 5.8 – –
Level 3 .................................................. 13.00 8.2 13.59 8.5 – –
Construction and extraction occupations............................. 15.99 9.9 16.13 9.9 – –
Level 2 .................................................. 10.34 3.5 10.46 3.4 – –
Level 5 .................................................. 17.43 2.9 17.43 2.9 – –
Level 6 .................................................. 16.91 5.6 16.73 4.8 – –
Level 7 .................................................. 21.29 3.8 21.29 3.8 – –
First-line supervisors/managers of construction trades and
extraction workers............................................... 25.54 11.4 25.54 11.4 – –
Construction laborers............................................. 10.98 .8 10.98 .8 – –
Electricians...................................................... 17.55 3.1 17.55 3.1 – –
Pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters............... 15.78 7.4 15.78 7.4 – –
Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters......................... 17.57 5.8 17.57 5.8 – –
Helpers, construction trades...................................... 9.72 7.0 – – – –
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 16.34 4.1 16.69 4.3 12.82 11.0
Level 2 .................................................. 10.41 8.5 – – – –
Level 3 .................................................. 10.30 3.5 – – – –
Level 5 .................................................. 16.28 5.3 16.28 5.3 – –
Level 6 .................................................. 21.47 1.9 21.47 1.9 – –
Level 7 .................................................. 23.53 5.6 24.66 7.2 – –
Miscellaneous electrical and electronic equipment mechanics,
installers, and repairers........................................ 15.30 3.5 – – – –
Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers 23.99 11.3 – – – –
Miscellaneous installation, maintenance, and repair workers....... 13.63 15.7 13.93 18.0 – –
Helpers--installation, maintenance, and repair workers.......... 11.19 11.9 – – – –
Production occupations.............................................. 16.81 14.1 17.06 14.5 – –
Level 2 .................................................. 9.79 10.6 9.79 10.6 – –
Level 3 .................................................. 18.41 18.2 – – – –
Level 4 .................................................. 14.61 4.4 14.61 4.4 – –
Level 5 .................................................. 17.66 2.4 17.66 2.4 – –
Level 6 .................................................. 18.58 4.5 18.58 4.5 – –
Level 7 .................................................. 19.70 3.3 19.70 3.3 – –
First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating
workers.......................................................... 27.26 16.8 27.26 16.8 – –
Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators.......................... 16.43 32.1 16.43 32.1 – –
Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers.............. 10.72 8.7 11.36 14.2 – –
Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 10.88 10.2 11.93 7.4 7.87 3.6
Level 1 .................................................. 8.36 10.4 9.18 14.3 7.18 7.6
Level 2 .................................................. 9.42 6.9 9.87 4.7 – –
Level 3 .................................................. 10.86 9.3 – – – –
Level 4 .................................................. 14.40 3.8 14.57 4.2 – –
Level 5 .................................................. 13.31 21.3 13.31 21.3 – –
Driver/sales workers and truck drivers............................ 12.25 10.3 12.28 10.4 – –
Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer........................ 12.42 14.2 12.42 14.2 – –
Truck drivers, light or delivery services....................... 14.35 12.5 – – – –
Industrial truck and tractor operators............................ 12.30 7.0 12.91 6.6 – –
Level 2 .................................................. 10.39 2.6 10.39 2.6 – –
Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 9.28 9.0 10.73 6.2 7.69 8.6
Level 1 .................................................. 8.24 8.2 9.69 3.9 7.35 8.8
Level 2 .................................................. 8.76 7.6 – – – –
Level 4 .................................................. 12.87 11.4 – – – –
Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand.......... 9.18 11.7 10.94 10.5 7.53 10.7
Level 1 .................................................. 7.67 10.4 – – 7.15 9.3
Level 4 .................................................. 12.87 11.4 – – – –
Packers and packagers, hand..................................... 8.56 4.6 – – – –
1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments,
and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by
totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information.
2 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment.
Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as
part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.
3 Each occupation for which data are collected in an establishment is evaluated based on four factors, including knowledge, job
controls and complexity, contacts, and physical environment. The knowledge factor is tailored to 24 families of closely related jobs.
Points are assigned based on the occupation's rank within each factor. The points are summed to determine the overall level of the
occupation. See appendix A for more information.
4 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more
information.
5 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a
"confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A.
Table 4. State and local government workers: Mean hourly earnings(1) for full-time and part-time workers(2) by work levels(3), Virginia
Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2007
Total Full-time workers Part-time workers
Occupation(4) and level
Relative Relative Relative
Mean error(5) Mean error(5) Mean error(5)
(percent) (percent) (percent)
All workers........................................................... $22.32 3.8 $23.05 4.0 $12.12 14.1
Management occupations.............................................. 48.45 24.6 50.82 25.0 – –
Business and financial operations occupations....................... 22.45 2.4 22.45 2.4 – –
Community and social services occupations........................... 23.64 7.8 23.64 7.8 – –
Education, training, and library occupations........................ 28.35 4.0 29.57 3.1 16.02 16.9
Level 4 .................................................. 12.75 2.8 12.75 2.8 – –
Level 9 .................................................. 32.32 1.7 32.32 1.7 – –
Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... 31.88 .1 31.88 .1 – –
Level 9 .................................................. 32.02 .4 32.02 .4 – –
Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 31.42 2.4 31.42 2.4 – –
Level 9 .................................................. 31.60 3.0 31.60 3.0 – –
Elementary school teachers, except special education.......... 30.56 1.2 30.56 1.2 – –
Level 9 .................................................. 30.80 2.1 30.80 2.1 – –
Middle school teachers, except special and vocational
education.................................................... 33.61 2.9 33.61 2.9 – –
Level 9 .................................................. 33.61 2.9 33.61 2.9 – –
Secondary school teachers....................................... 31.84 1.6 31.84 1.6 – –
Level 9 .................................................. 31.97 1.2 31.97 1.2 – –
Secondary school teachers, except special and vocational
education.................................................... 31.36 .4 31.36 .4 – –
Level 9 .................................................. 31.50 .1 31.50 .1 – –
Teacher assistants................................................ 12.37 .1 12.37 .1 – –
Level 4 .................................................. 12.75 2.8 12.75 2.8 – –
Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 26.13 15.9 26.01 16.8 – –
Protective service occupations...................................... 19.35 8.6 19.35 8.6 – –
Level 6 .................................................. 17.91 4.0 17.91 4.0 – –
Police officers................................................... 19.81 5.1 19.81 5.1 – –
Police and sheriff's patrol officers............................ 19.81 5.1 19.81 5.1 – –
Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 10.36 15.5 – – – –
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 10.65 3.1 10.72 3.3 – –
Building cleaning workers......................................... 10.27 2.8 – – – –
Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 10.27 2.8 – – – –
Personal care and service occupations............................... 10.03 16.0 – – 8.32 11.3
Office and administrative support occupations....................... 15.84 6.2 16.36 4.7 – –
Level 4 .................................................. 13.86 4.6 14.01 4.8 – –
Not able to be leveled.................................... 18.45 10.2 19.04 8.7 – –
Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 15.69 7.5 15.69 7.5 – –
Construction and extraction occupations............................. 16.60 9.0 16.60 9.0 – –
Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 13.98 3.3 13.98 3.3 – –
Bus drivers....................................................... 14.19 2.2 14.19 2.2 – –
Bus drivers, school............................................. 14.19 2.2 14.19 2.2 – –
1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments,
and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by
totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information.
2 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment.
Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as
part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.
3 Each occupation for which data are collected in an establishment is evaluated based on four factors, including knowledge, job
controls and complexity, contacts, and physical environment. The knowledge factor is tailored to 24 families of closely related jobs.
Points are assigned based on the occupation's rank within each factor. The points are summed to determine the overall level of the
occupation. See appendix A for more information.
4 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more
information.
5 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a
"confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A.
Table 5. Combined work levels(1) for civilian workers: Mean hourly earnings(2) for full-time and part-time workers(3), Virginia
Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2007
Total Full-time workers Part-time workers
Occupation(4) and level
Relative Relative Relative
Mean error(5) Mean error(5) Mean error(5)
(percent) (percent) (percent)
All workers........................................................... $16.24 2.9 $18.01 2.7 $9.72 5.7
Management occupations.............................................. 36.32 11.5 36.69 11.9 – –
Group II.................................................. 19.51 8.0 – – – –
Group III................................................. 36.70 12.0 – – – –
Financial managers................................................ 28.80 5.0 28.11 5.6 – –
Business and financial operations occupations....................... 25.23 3.4 25.38 3.5 – –
Group II.................................................. 22.10 6.5 – – – –
Group III................................................. 30.00 7.0 – – – –
Buyers and purchasing agents...................................... 20.75 9.9 20.75 9.9 – –
Human resources, training, and labor relations specialists........ 27.97 15.0 27.97 15.0 – –
Accountants and auditors.......................................... 25.07 2.7 25.53 3.0 – –
Computer and mathematical science occupations....................... 22.49 11.0 22.49 11.0 – –
Architecture and engineering occupations............................ 26.31 8.5 26.31 8.5 – –
Group II.................................................. 22.33 8.8 – – – –
Group III................................................. 31.84 5.5 – – – –
Engineers......................................................... 30.85 3.6 30.85 3.6 – –
Group III................................................. 32.36 6.4 – – – –
Engineering technicians, except drafters.......................... 23.00 13.8 23.00 13.8 – –
Group II.................................................. 20.40 8.6 – – – –
Community and social services occupations........................... 18.13 12.3 18.33 12.7 – –
Counselors........................................................ 21.01 20.5 – – – –
Group II.................................................. 16.79 12.6 – – – –
Education, training, and library occupations........................ 27.89 3.8 29.51 3.2 14.65 15.6
Group I................................................... 12.18 1.8 – – – –
Group II.................................................. 17.31 10.1 – – – –
Group III................................................. 33.08 2.4 – – – –
Postsecondary teachers............................................ 32.80 12.4 35.92 8.7 15.25 32.8
Miscellaneous postsecondary teachers............................ 26.10 18.5 – – – –
Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... 31.82 1.3 31.82 1.3 – –
Group III................................................. 32.12 .9 – – – –
Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 31.32 2.7 31.32 2.7 – –
Group III................................................. 31.82 3.0 – – – –
Elementary school teachers, except special education.......... 30.54 1.4 30.54 1.4 – –
Group III................................................. 30.91 2.1 30.91 2.1 – –
Middle school teachers, except special and vocational
education.................................................... 32.99 4.6 32.99 4.6 – –
Group III................................................. 33.89 2.8 33.89 2.8 – –
Secondary school teachers....................................... 31.87 2.1 31.87 2.1 – –
Group III................................................. 31.99 1.8 – – – –
Secondary school teachers, except special and vocational
education.................................................... 31.43 1.6 31.43 1.6 – –
Group III................................................. 31.55 1.6 31.55 1.6 – –
Other teachers and instructors.................................... 14.96 13.7 – – 13.65 19.0
Group II.................................................. 16.31 14.5 – – – –
Teacher assistants................................................ 12.37 .1 12.37 .1 – –
Group I................................................... 12.37 .1 12.37 .1 – –
Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations.......... 26.56 7.9 27.35 6.8 – –
Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 22.80 13.0 22.43 14.9 26.94 9.4
Group I................................................... 12.52 7.4 – – – –
Group II.................................................. 19.45 3.1 – – – –
Group III................................................. 37.03 8.8 – – – –
Registered nurses................................................. 24.12 6.0 23.28 7.0 27.45 1.5
Group II.................................................. 22.60 8.3 21.68 8.7 – –
Group III................................................. 26.21 1.3 – – 28.38 1.6
Health diagnosing and treating practitioner support technicians... 12.33 8.7 12.33 8.7 – –
Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses................. 16.39 1.0 16.31 1.4 – –
Healthcare support occupations...................................... 11.51 5.6 12.23 9.4 10.05 9.5
Group I................................................... 10.38 3.8 – – – –
Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................... 10.23 3.6 10.68 .8 9.52 4.9
Group I................................................... 10.23 3.6 – – – –
Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants........................ 10.47 1.2 10.68 .8 10.01 1.5
Group I................................................... 10.47 1.2 10.68 .8 10.01 1.5
Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations...................... 10.95 8.6 – – – –
Group I................................................... 10.95 8.6 – – – –
Protective service occupations...................................... 13.23 11.7 14.73 11.2 8.00 4.7
Group I................................................... 8.97 4.4 – – – –
Group II.................................................. 19.22 4.1 – – – –
Police officers................................................... 19.81 5.1 19.81 5.1 – –
Group II.................................................. 20.02 5.6 – – – –
Police and sheriff's patrol officers............................ 19.81 5.1 19.81 5.1 – –
Group II.................................................. 20.02 5.6 20.02 5.6 – –
Security guards and gaming surveillance officers.................. 8.87 4.6 9.46 5.9 – –
Group I................................................... 8.71 4.5 – – – –
Security guards................................................. 8.87 4.6 9.46 5.9 – –
Group I................................................... 8.71 4.5 – – – –
Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 8.41 8.5 9.33 19.6 8.15 15.8
Group I................................................... 8.06 7.0 – – – –
Cooks............................................................. 7.83 1.8 – – 7.83 1.8
Group I................................................... 7.83 1.8 – – – –
Food service, tipped.............................................. 8.43 18.6 – – 9.39 28.1
Group I................................................... 8.43 18.6 – – – –
Waiters and waitresses.......................................... 3.21 24.6 – – 2.19 6.4
Group I................................................... 3.21 24.6 – – 2.19 6.4
Fast food and counter workers..................................... 6.97 5.2 – – 6.77 6.4
Group I................................................... 6.97 5.2 – – – –
Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast
food........................................................... 6.95 5.2 – – 6.75 6.6
Group I................................................... 6.95 5.2 – – 6.75 6.6
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 11.41 8.8 11.36 7.8 11.51 21.2
Group I................................................... 10.68 7.2 – – – –
Building cleaning workers......................................... 11.28 10.0 11.14 9.6 11.51 21.2
Group I................................................... 10.59 7.8 – – – –
Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 11.92 14.5 12.51 19.0 11.51 21.2
Group I................................................... 10.55 11.4 12.51 19.0 – –
Personal care and service occupations............................... 7.53 10.9 – – 7.05 6.0
Group I................................................... 7.51 10.9 – – – –
Recreation and fitness workers.................................... 10.86 9.6 – – 9.03 7.3
Group I................................................... 10.79 10.2 – – – –
Recreation workers.............................................. 10.79 10.2 – – – –
Group I................................................... 10.79 10.2 – – – –
Sales and related occupations....................................... 12.63 10.0 14.25 10.5 8.10 5.3
Group I................................................... 9.96 5.4 – – – –
Group II.................................................. 17.82 6.2 – – – –
First-line supervisors/managers, sales workers.................... 16.58 6.0 16.58 6.0 – –
Group II.................................................. 16.23 5.7 – – – –
First-line supervisors/managers of retail sales workers......... 16.17 5.9 16.17 5.9 – –
Group II.................................................. 16.20 5.8 16.20 5.8 – –
Retail sales workers.............................................. 9.54 2.8 10.39 4.1 7.98 5.0
Group I................................................... 9.29 2.2 – – – –
Cashiers, all workers........................................... 8.82 4.4 – – 7.71 4.1
Group I................................................... 8.82 4.4 – – – –
Cashiers...................................................... 8.82 4.4 – – 7.71 4.1
Group I................................................... 8.82 4.4 – – 7.71 4.1
Retail salespersons............................................. 10.13 6.4 11.40 2.4 8.15 10.5
Group I................................................... 9.75 1.7 10.96 6.5 8.17 10.8
Office and administrative support occupations....................... 13.59 1.9 13.88 2.1 12.31 2.1
Group I................................................... 12.39 2.0 – – – –
Group II.................................................. 15.97 4.2 – – – –
Financial clerks.................................................. 15.07 5.0 15.09 8.2 – –
Group I................................................... 12.97 4.6 – – – –
Group II.................................................. 16.98 8.7 – – – –
Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks.................... – – 15.64 14.9 – –
Customer service representatives.................................. 13.12 3.8 13.16 3.9 – –
Group I................................................... 12.67 3.1 12.71 3.2 – –
Order clerks...................................................... 9.82 6.5 – – – –
Group I................................................... 9.82 6.5 – – – –
Receptionists and information clerks.............................. 11.10 3.0 11.47 4.5 – –
Group I................................................... 10.76 2.8 – – – –
Stock clerks and order fillers.................................... 9.53 9.4 10.00 6.7 – –
Group I................................................... 9.53 9.4 10.00 6.7 – –
Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 13.71 4.8 14.11 5.3 11.39 8.9
Group I................................................... 12.38 3.3 – – – –
Group II.................................................. 16.07 7.6 – – – –
Executive secretaries and administrative assistants............. 15.09 6.4 15.39 5.7 – –
Group II.................................................. 17.10 3.7 17.10 3.7 – –
Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive............... 11.69 7.1 – – – –
Office clerks, general............................................ 13.51 4.9 14.16 5.2 10.11 2.6
Group I................................................... 13.62 6.1 14.27 6.3 – –
Construction and extraction occupations............................. 16.08 8.5 16.20 8.5 – –
Group I................................................... 11.68 2.0 – – – –
Group II.................................................. 18.85 2.5 – – – –
First-line supervisors/managers of construction trades and
extraction workers............................................... 25.54 11.4 25.54 11.4 – –
Construction laborers............................................. 10.98 .8 10.98 .8 – –
Group I................................................... 10.67 2.7 10.67 2.7 – –
Construction equipment operators.................................. 14.93 5.5 14.93 5.5 – –
Operating engineers and other construction equipment operators.. 14.93 5.5 14.93 5.5 – –
Electricians...................................................... 17.55 3.1 17.55 3.1 – –
Group II.................................................. 18.04 1.7 18.04 1.7 – –
Pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters............... 17.02 8.7 17.02 8.7 – –
Group II.................................................. 18.65 5.1 – – – –
Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters......................... 18.65 5.1 18.65 5.1 – –
Group II.................................................. 18.65 5.1 18.65 5.1 – –
Helpers, construction trades...................................... 9.72 7.0 – – – –
Group I................................................... 9.72 7.0 – – – –
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 16.25 3.8 16.55 4.0 12.82 11.0
Group I................................................... 11.49 5.7 – – – –
Group II.................................................. 19.71 4.4 – – – –
Miscellaneous electrical and electronic equipment mechanics,
installers, and repairers........................................ 15.30 3.5 – – – –
Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers 20.28 20.4 20.60 20.4 – –
Miscellaneous installation, maintenance, and repair workers....... 13.63 15.7 13.93 18.0 – –
Group I................................................... 10.32 7.1 – – – –
Helpers--installation, maintenance, and repair workers.......... 11.19 11.9 – – – –
Group I................................................... 11.19 11.9 – – – –
Production occupations.............................................. 16.81 14.1 17.06 14.5 – –
Group I................................................... 11.84 9.0 – – – –
Group II.................................................. 18.62 2.4 – – – –
First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating
workers.......................................................... 27.26 16.8 27.26 16.8 – –
Group II.................................................. 20.23 3.4 20.23 3.4 – –
Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators.......................... 16.43 32.1 16.43 32.1 – –
Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers.............. 10.72 8.7 11.36 14.2 – –
Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 11.03 9.7 12.05 6.9 7.87 3.6
Group I................................................... 10.16 7.3 – – – –
Group II.................................................. 17.30 15.3 – – – –
Bus drivers....................................................... 14.11 2.3 14.19 2.2 – –
Group I................................................... 14.11 2.3 – – – –
Bus drivers, school............................................. 14.11 2.3 14.19 2.2 – –
Group I................................................... 14.11 2.3 14.19 2.2 – –
Driver/sales workers and truck drivers............................ 12.34 10.1 12.36 10.3 – –
Group I................................................... 12.36 10.7 – – – –
Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer........................ 12.66 13.3 12.66 13.3 – –
Truck drivers, light or delivery services....................... 14.35 12.5 – – – –
Industrial truck and tractor operators............................ 12.30 7.0 12.91 6.6 – –
Group I................................................... 11.68 7.2 12.16 7.4 – –
Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 9.28 9.0 10.73 6.2 7.69 8.6
Group I................................................... 9.01 8.3 – – – –
Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand.......... 9.18 11.7 10.94 10.5 7.53 10.7
Group I................................................... 8.93 10.8 10.53 9.6 7.53 10.7
Packers and packagers, hand..................................... 8.56 4.6 – – – –
Group I................................................... 8.55 4.5 – – – –
1 Combined work levels simplify the presentation of work levels by combining levels 1 through 15 into four broad groups. Group I
combines levels 1-4, group II combines levels 5-8, group III combines levels 9-12, and group IV combines levels 13-15.
2 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments,
and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by
totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information.
3 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment.
Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as
part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.
4 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more
information.
5 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a
"confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A.
Table 6. Civilian workers: Hourly wage percentiles(1), Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2007
Occupation(2) 10 25 Median 75 90
50
All workers........................................................... $7.40 $9.77 $13.47 $19.75 $28.93
Management occupations.............................................. 19.12 22.91 30.69 47.96 55.49
Financial managers................................................ 22.39 22.44 29.31 32.49 38.68
Business and financial operations occupations....................... 17.25 20.79 24.04 28.99 32.50
Buyers and purchasing agents...................................... 9.79 16.50 22.53 27.50 28.85
Human resources, training, and labor relations specialists........ 20.79 20.79 22.05 35.43 49.99
Accountants and auditors.......................................... 20.08 21.63 25.00 29.08 29.08
Computer and mathematical science occupations....................... 17.64 17.64 19.53 26.00 31.51
Architecture and engineering occupations............................ 17.00 21.79 25.25 31.00 35.80
Engineers......................................................... 23.00 25.24 31.25 35.80 37.94
Engineering technicians, except drafters.......................... 15.00 17.04 20.65 27.55 31.00
Community and social services occupations........................... 11.99 11.99 18.19 18.95 30.40
Counselors........................................................ 10.15 13.82 19.52 25.59 36.07
Education, training, and library occupations........................ 11.58 19.92 28.92 34.93 41.94
Postsecondary teachers............................................ 12.02 26.60 31.69 38.63 48.18
Miscellaneous postsecondary teachers............................ 7.50 12.00 23.00 35.21 52.40
Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... 25.64 27.42 30.71 35.52 40.55
Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 25.31 27.15 30.32 35.03 39.74
Elementary school teachers, except special education.......... 24.69 26.83 29.41 34.34 38.58
Middle school teachers, except special and vocational
education.................................................... 26.65 28.50 31.98 36.67 41.81
Secondary school teachers....................................... 25.46 27.13 30.11 35.90 41.34
Secondary school teachers, except special and vocational
education.................................................... 25.10 26.88 29.52 34.93 40.27
Other teachers and instructors.................................... 8.13 9.00 12.13 18.01 23.54
Teacher assistants................................................ 10.57 11.31 12.05 13.54 15.05
Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations.......... 20.50 22.16 25.61 31.73 32.97
Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 11.66 14.73 18.99 26.03 33.65
Registered nurses................................................. 17.00 20.24 25.47 27.37 29.97
Health diagnosing and treating practitioner support technicians... 9.50 10.00 11.00 14.25 18.31
Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses................. 14.20 15.39 16.56 17.50 18.17
Healthcare support occupations...................................... 8.56 9.77 10.30 11.54 14.53
Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................... 8.50 9.23 10.12 11.30 11.82
Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants........................ 8.91 9.60 10.39 11.35 12.10
Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations...................... 10.30 10.30 10.30 11.19 12.38
Protective service occupations...................................... 7.10 8.25 9.69 18.25 23.33
Police officers................................................... 16.28 17.35 18.94 21.25 24.54
Police and sheriff's patrol officers............................ 16.28 17.35 18.94 21.25 24.54
Security guards and gaming surveillance officers.................. 6.75 7.45 8.50 9.61 11.67
Security guards................................................. 6.75 7.45 8.50 9.61 11.67
Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 2.13 6.44 8.00 11.50 12.18
Cooks............................................................. 6.05 7.05 8.35 8.35 9.00
Food service, tipped.............................................. 2.13 2.13 10.51 12.18 12.18
Waiters and waitresses.......................................... 2.13 2.13 2.13 2.13 6.28
Fast food and counter workers..................................... 5.75 6.25 6.44 7.00 8.50
Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast
food........................................................... 5.75 6.25 6.44 7.00 8.50
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 8.24 8.99 9.77 11.39 14.59
Building cleaning workers......................................... 8.24 8.55 9.64 11.04 14.07
Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 7.57 8.55 9.33 10.40 28.00
Personal care and service occupations............................... 6.00 6.00 7.00 7.80 10.00
Recreation and fitness workers.................................... 7.55 8.76 10.00 13.12 14.19
Recreation workers.............................................. 7.55 8.76 10.00 13.12 14.19
Sales and related occupations....................................... 6.50 8.10 10.05 15.03 21.00
First-line supervisors/managers, sales workers.................... 12.22 14.56 17.31 17.31 20.48
First-line supervisors/managers of retail sales workers......... 12.22 14.00 17.31 17.31 18.70
Retail sales workers.............................................. 6.25 7.02 9.50 10.66 13.00
Cashiers, all workers........................................... 6.50 7.02 7.75 10.05 11.54
Cashiers...................................................... 6.50 7.02 7.75 10.05 11.54
Retail salespersons............................................. 6.00 8.48 10.00 10.73 14.30
Office and administrative support occupations....................... 9.25 11.22 13.20 15.27 17.57
Financial clerks.................................................. 10.25 12.41 14.50 16.25 19.39
Customer service representatives.................................. 11.30 11.89 12.36 14.90 16.58
Order clerks...................................................... 7.65 8.67 9.18 11.00 11.87
Receptionists and information clerks.............................. 9.34 9.80 10.34 11.98 13.83
Stock clerks and order fillers.................................... 7.69 8.00 9.50 10.03 11.55
Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 10.97 11.22 12.71 16.09 18.46
Executive secretaries and administrative assistants............. 11.56 12.04 14.36 17.80 18.78
Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive............... 8.90 11.22 11.22 11.54 14.59
Office clerks, general............................................ 10.00 11.12 13.90 15.25 15.25
Construction and extraction occupations............................. 9.94 12.08 15.00 19.46 23.00
First-line supervisors/managers of construction trades and
extraction workers............................................... 21.00 23.00 25.00 27.50 32.50
Construction laborers............................................. 9.00 9.94 10.71 12.27 13.50
Construction equipment operators.................................. 13.52 14.00 14.01 14.20 18.99
Operating engineers and other construction equipment operators.. 13.52 14.00 14.01 14.20 18.99
Electricians...................................................... 15.00 17.50 18.41 18.90 18.90
Pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters............... 13.70 13.70 17.68 20.70 20.84
Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters......................... 14.75 17.19 19.08 20.84 20.84
Helpers, construction trades...................................... 7.05 7.05 10.00 12.00 12.00
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 10.22 12.00 15.45 19.20 26.12
Miscellaneous electrical and electronic equipment mechanics,
installers, and repairers........................................ 8.00 12.00 17.00 19.46 21.33
Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers 12.26 12.54 21.77 26.12 27.55
Miscellaneous installation, maintenance, and repair workers....... 8.65 10.00 12.00 17.07 18.29
Helpers--installation, maintenance, and repair workers.......... 7.62 9.00 10.20 12.50 17.00
Production occupations.............................................. 8.00 10.03 15.74 19.76 32.23
First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating
workers.......................................................... 15.74 19.75 29.57 34.64 37.23
Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators.......................... 7.50 8.50 11.25 28.03 28.03
Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers.............. 8.90 9.63 10.03 10.03 14.87
Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 6.50 8.22 9.90 12.75 17.40
Bus drivers....................................................... 10.99 11.75 13.63 16.24 17.46
Bus drivers, school............................................. 10.99 11.75 13.63 16.24 17.46
Driver/sales workers and truck drivers............................ 9.75 9.75 10.40 13.40 17.04
Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer........................ 9.90 10.00 12.00 13.40 15.81
Truck drivers, light or delivery services....................... 9.00 12.20 13.00 17.00 20.30
Industrial truck and tractor operators............................ 9.50 9.83 10.50 13.75 17.40
Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 6.00 7.76 8.49 10.50 12.90
Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand.......... 6.00 7.00 8.40 10.10 13.82
Packers and packagers, hand..................................... 7.76 7.76 8.00 9.50 10.83
1 Percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution and are calculated from individual-worker earnings and the
hours they are scheduled to work. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the
rate shown, and half are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of the hours are
paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 75th percentile, one-fourth are paid the same as or more than the rate
shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. Hourly wages are the straight-time wages or salaries paid to
employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime,
vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips.
2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for
more information.
Table 7. Private industry workers: Hourly wage percentiles(1), Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2007
Occupation(2) 10 25 Median 75 90
50
All workers........................................................... $7.02 $9.34 $12.18 $18.19 $26.76
Management occupations.............................................. 19.12 22.44 30.07 47.37 53.99
Financial managers................................................ 21.29 22.44 30.06 32.49 40.02
Business and financial operations occupations....................... 17.93 21.63 25.00 28.99 33.65
Buyers and purchasing agents...................................... 9.79 16.50 22.53 27.50 28.85
Architecture and engineering occupations............................ 16.65 21.79 26.00 31.25 35.80
Engineers......................................................... 23.00 25.24 31.25 35.80 37.94
Community and social services occupations........................... 11.99 11.99 14.72 18.19 18.19
Education, training, and library occupations........................ 10.00 16.40 26.60 29.36 39.65
Postsecondary teachers............................................ 10.00 21.90 26.60 29.36 40.00
Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... 20.77 23.90 31.98 34.41 45.08
Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 20.77 23.65 31.98 33.57 39.13
Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations.......... 19.80 22.88 29.08 31.73 32.97
Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 11.70 14.73 18.99 25.82 32.68
Registered nurses................................................. 17.00 19.00 25.41 27.00 29.08
Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses................. 14.20 15.33 16.83 17.50 18.08
Healthcare support occupations...................................... 8.56 9.77 10.30 11.54 14.53
Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................... 8.50 9.16 10.12 11.26 11.71
Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants........................ 8.91 9.60 10.39 11.35 11.90
Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations...................... 10.30 10.30 10.30 11.19 12.38
Protective service occupations...................................... 6.75 7.50 8.50 9.00 9.97
Security guards and gaming surveillance officers.................. 6.75 7.25 8.25 9.00 9.69
Security guards................................................. 6.75 7.25 8.25 9.00 9.69
Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 2.13 6.44 8.00 11.50 12.18
Cooks............................................................. 6.05 7.00 8.25 8.35 8.50
Food service, tipped.............................................. 2.13 2.13 10.51 12.18 12.18
Waiters and waitresses.......................................... 2.13 2.13 2.13 2.13 6.28
Fast food and counter workers..................................... 5.75 6.25 6.44 6.65 8.50
Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast
food........................................................... 5.75 6.25 6.44 6.65 8.50
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 8.24 8.55 9.77 11.04 28.00
Building cleaning workers......................................... 8.24 8.50 9.48 11.04 28.00
Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 7.50 8.50 9.00 9.77 28.00
Personal care and service occupations............................... 5.85 6.00 6.50 7.65 7.80
Sales and related occupations....................................... 6.50 8.09 10.00 15.03 21.00
First-line supervisors/managers, sales workers.................... 12.22 14.00 17.31 17.31 18.40
First-line supervisors/managers of retail sales workers......... 12.22 14.00 17.31 17.31 17.31
Retail sales workers.............................................. 6.25 7.02 9.35 10.66 13.00
Cashiers, all workers........................................... 6.50 7.02 7.75 9.80 11.54
Cashiers...................................................... 6.50 7.02 7.75 9.80 11.54
Retail salespersons............................................. 6.00 8.48 10.00 10.73 14.30
Office and administrative support occupations....................... 9.25 11.00 12.87 15.04 16.35
Financial clerks.................................................. 10.00 12.17 14.50 16.25 19.12
Customer service representatives.................................. 11.34 11.89 12.45 14.90 16.67
Order clerks...................................................... 7.65 8.67 9.18 11.00 11.87
Receptionists and information clerks.............................. 9.34 9.80 10.34 11.98 13.83
Stock clerks and order fillers.................................... 7.69 8.00 9.50 10.03 11.55
Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 10.10 11.22 11.57 13.73 16.18
Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive............... 8.90 11.22 11.22 11.22 16.35
Office clerks, general............................................ 10.00 11.12 13.50 15.25 15.25
Construction and extraction occupations............................. 9.75 12.00 15.00 19.00 23.00
First-line supervisors/managers of construction trades and
extraction workers............................................... 21.00 23.00 25.00 27.50 32.50
Construction laborers............................................. 9.00 9.94 10.71 12.27 13.50
Electricians...................................................... 15.00 17.50 18.41 18.90 18.90
Pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters............... 13.70 13.70 13.70 17.94 19.89
Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters......................... 12.38 16.05 17.89 19.46 19.89
Helpers, construction trades...................................... 7.05 7.05 10.00 12.00 12.00
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 10.00 11.25 15.45 19.89 26.12
Miscellaneous electrical and electronic equipment mechanics,
installers, and repairers........................................ 8.00 12.00 17.00 19.46 21.33
Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers 17.94 21.77 26.12 27.55 27.55
Miscellaneous installation, maintenance, and repair workers....... 8.65 10.00 12.00 17.07 18.29
Helpers--installation, maintenance, and repair workers.......... 7.62 9.00 10.20 12.50 17.00
Production occupations.............................................. 8.00 10.03 15.74 19.76 32.23
First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating
workers.......................................................... 15.74 19.75 29.57 34.64 37.23
Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators.......................... 7.50 8.50 11.25 28.03 28.03
Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers.............. 8.90 9.63 10.03 10.03 14.87
Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 6.50 8.22 9.83 12.10 17.40
Driver/sales workers and truck drivers............................ 9.75 9.75 10.40 13.40 17.00
Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer........................ 9.90 10.00 11.75 13.40 14.58
Truck drivers, light or delivery services....................... 9.00 12.20 13.00 17.00 20.30
Industrial truck and tractor operators............................ 9.50 9.83 10.50 13.75 17.40
Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 6.00 7.76 8.49 10.50 12.90
Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand.......... 6.00 7.00 8.40 10.10 13.82
Packers and packagers, hand..................................... 7.76 7.76 8.00 9.50 10.83
1 Percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution and are calculated from individual-worker earnings and the
hours they are scheduled to work. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the
rate shown, and half are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of the hours are
paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 75th percentile, one-fourth are paid the same as or more than the rate
shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. Hourly wages are the straight-time wages or salaries paid to
employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime,
vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips.
2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for
more information.
Table 8. State and local government workers: Hourly wage percentiles(1), Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July
2007
Occupation(2) 10 25 Median 75 90
50
All workers........................................................... $11.49 $13.78 $19.22 $27.42 $35.85
Management occupations.............................................. 26.12 30.55 37.88 55.49 99.99
Business and financial operations occupations....................... 14.36 20.79 21.55 23.72 29.64
Community and social services occupations........................... 16.79 18.95 22.50 27.13 31.18
Education, training, and library occupations........................ 11.79 22.55 29.34 35.52 42.03
Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... 25.78 27.42 30.71 35.71 40.55
Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 25.64 27.28 30.13 35.32 39.74
Elementary school teachers, except special education.......... 25.11 26.88 29.41 34.28 38.37
Middle school teachers, except special and vocational
education.................................................... 27.15 28.92 32.50 37.39 41.81
Secondary school teachers....................................... 25.67 27.15 30.11 35.78 40.55
Secondary school teachers, except special and vocational
education.................................................... 25.46 26.92 29.52 34.88 40.27
Teacher assistants................................................ 10.57 11.31 12.05 13.54 15.05
Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 11.16 15.69 18.40 28.57 67.71
Protective service occupations...................................... 12.69 16.18 18.88 22.90 26.16
Police officers................................................... 16.28 17.35 18.94 21.25 24.54
Police and sheriff's patrol officers............................ 16.28 17.35 18.94 21.25 24.54
Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 8.30 8.65 9.65 12.01 14.28
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 8.41 9.29 10.35 11.59 13.11
Building cleaning workers......................................... 8.20 9.06 9.81 11.52 13.09
Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 8.20 9.06 9.81 11.52 13.09
Personal care and service occupations............................... 6.85 7.55 8.86 13.12 13.86
Office and administrative support occupations....................... 11.54 12.88 15.72 18.32 21.41
Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 11.54 12.10 16.09 18.46 18.83
Construction and extraction occupations............................. 11.80 13.24 14.98 20.01 23.00
Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 10.99 12.01 13.71 15.97 17.39
Bus drivers....................................................... 10.99 11.93 13.93 16.24 17.46
Bus drivers, school............................................. 10.99 11.93 13.93 16.24 17.46
1 Percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution and are calculated from individual-worker earnings and the
hours they are scheduled to work. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the
rate shown, and half are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of the hours are
paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 75th percentile, one-fourth are paid the same as or more than the rate
shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. Hourly wages are the straight-time wages or salaries paid to
employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime,
vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips.
2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for
more information.
Table 9. Full-time(1) civilian workers: Hourly wage percentiles(2), Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2007
Full-time workers
Occupation(3)
10 25 Median 75 90
50
All workers........................................................... $9.00 $11.03 $15.25 $21.88 $30.64
Management occupations.............................................. 19.12 22.91 30.29 48.00 55.49
Financial managers................................................ 21.29 22.44 26.66 30.07 40.02
Business and financial operations occupations....................... 16.81 20.79 25.00 28.99 35.43
Buyers and purchasing agents...................................... 9.79 16.50 22.53 27.50 28.85
Human resources, training, and labor relations specialists........ 20.79 20.79 22.05 35.43 49.99
Accountants and auditors.......................................... 20.08 20.08 26.71 29.08 29.08
Computer and mathematical science occupations....................... 17.64 17.64 19.53 26.00 31.51
Architecture and engineering occupations............................ 17.00 21.79 25.25 31.00 35.80
Engineers......................................................... 23.00 25.24 31.25 35.80 37.94
Engineering technicians, except drafters.......................... 15.00 17.04 20.65 27.55 31.00
Community and social services occupations........................... 11.99 11.99 18.19 18.95 30.46
Education, training, and library occupations........................ 13.23 25.46 29.37 35.71 42.29
Postsecondary teachers............................................ 26.60 29.36 34.63 39.53 49.52
Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... 25.64 27.42 30.71 35.52 40.55
Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 25.31 27.15 30.32 35.03 39.74
Elementary school teachers, except special education.......... 24.69 26.83 29.41 34.34 38.58
Middle school teachers, except special and vocational
education.................................................... 26.65 28.50 31.98 36.67 41.81
Secondary school teachers....................................... 25.46 27.13 30.11 35.90 41.34
Secondary school teachers, except special and vocational
education.................................................... 25.10 26.88 29.52 34.93 40.27
Teacher assistants................................................ 10.57 11.31 12.05 13.54 15.05
Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations.......... 21.15 22.85 26.24 31.73 32.97
Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 11.58 14.42 17.77 25.82 33.65
Registered nurses................................................. 17.00 19.00 24.28 26.60 29.24
Health diagnosing and treating practitioner support technicians... 9.50 10.00 11.00 14.25 18.31
Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses................. 14.20 15.11 16.81 17.50 17.91
Healthcare support occupations...................................... 9.64 10.30 10.35 11.54 23.92
Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................... 9.05 9.85 10.90 11.54 12.50
Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants........................ 9.05 9.85 10.90 11.54 12.50
Protective service occupations...................................... 8.00 8.73 12.83 18.94 24.86
Police officers................................................... 16.28 17.35 18.94 21.25 24.54
Police and sheriff's patrol officers............................ 16.28 17.35 18.94 21.25 24.54
Security guards and gaming surveillance officers.................. 7.10 8.00 8.75 11.54 12.69
Security guards................................................. 7.10 8.00 8.75 11.54 12.69
Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 2.13 2.13 10.92 14.00 14.48
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 8.24 9.10 10.56 11.90 13.76
Building cleaning workers......................................... 8.24 8.79 10.26 11.31 12.68
Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 8.00 8.84 9.82 12.43 28.14
Sales and related occupations....................................... 7.31 9.35 11.00 17.31 23.08
First-line supervisors/managers, sales workers.................... 12.22 14.56 17.31 17.31 20.48
First-line supervisors/managers of retail sales workers......... 12.22 14.00 17.31 17.31 18.70
Retail sales workers.............................................. 6.95 8.48 10.00 11.50 15.03
Retail salespersons............................................. 9.00 9.52 10.66 11.75 16.00
Office and administrative support occupations....................... 10.00 11.43 13.20 15.27 18.32
Financial clerks.................................................. 9.25 11.25 14.20 18.06 25.00
Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks.................... 10.50 11.25 14.61 18.06 25.00
Customer service representatives.................................. 11.34 11.89 12.45 14.90 16.67
Receptionists and information clerks.............................. 9.55 10.08 11.52 12.73 13.83
Stock clerks and order fillers.................................... 8.00 8.05 10.03 10.20 12.64
Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 11.22 11.47 13.36 16.35 18.46
Executive secretaries and administrative assistants............. 11.47 12.71 15.51 18.44 19.30
Office clerks, general............................................ 11.12 12.95 15.00 15.25 15.91
Construction and extraction occupations............................. 10.00 12.27 15.00 19.46 24.00
First-line supervisors/managers of construction trades and
extraction workers............................................... 21.00 23.00 25.00 27.50 32.50
Construction laborers............................................. 9.00 9.94 10.71 12.27 13.50
Construction equipment operators.................................. 13.52 14.00 14.01 14.20 18.99
Operating engineers and other construction equipment operators.. 13.52 14.00 14.01 14.20 18.99
Electricians...................................................... 15.00 17.50 18.41 18.90 18.90
Pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters............... 13.70 13.70 17.68 20.70 20.84
Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters......................... 14.75 17.19 19.08 20.84 20.84
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 10.22 12.00 15.45 19.46 26.12
Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers 12.26 12.54 21.77 26.12 27.55
Miscellaneous installation, maintenance, and repair workers....... 8.65 10.39 12.38 17.19 18.75
Production occupations.............................................. 8.00 10.50 15.74 19.89 32.23
First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating
workers.......................................................... 15.74 19.75 29.57 34.64 37.23
Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators.......................... 7.50 8.50 11.25 28.03 28.03
Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers.............. 8.50 9.15 9.63 11.85 17.00
Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 8.22 9.00 10.40 13.82 18.30
Bus drivers....................................................... 10.99 11.93 13.93 16.24 17.46
Bus drivers, school............................................. 10.99 11.93 13.93 16.24 17.46
Driver/sales workers and truck drivers............................ 9.75 9.75 10.40 13.40 17.39
Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer........................ 9.90 10.00 12.00 13.40 15.81
Industrial truck and tractor operators............................ 9.50 10.35 11.25 15.00 17.40
Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 8.22 8.25 10.00 11.36 15.69
Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand.......... 8.22 8.22 9.25 13.82 17.50
1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each
establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one
establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.
2 Percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution and are calculated from individual-worker earnings and the
hours they are scheduled to work. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the
rate shown, and half are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of the hours are
paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 75th percentile, one-fourth are paid the same as or more than the rate
shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. Hourly wages are the straight-time wages or salaries paid to
employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime,
vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips.
3 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for
more information.
Table 10. Part-time(1) civilian workers: Hourly wage percentiles(2), Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2007
Part-time workers
Occupation(3)
10 25 Median 75 90
50
All workers........................................................... $6.00 $6.55 $8.57 $10.92 $14.50
Education, training, and library occupations........................ 8.13 8.13 12.12 19.59 25.00
Postsecondary teachers............................................ 7.00 8.00 11.25 23.00 31.69
Other teachers and instructors.................................... 8.13 8.13 11.00 17.00 25.00
Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 16.00 23.67 26.76 29.11 35.00
Registered nurses................................................. 23.73 26.76 26.76 28.69 32.00
Healthcare support occupations...................................... 8.00 8.65 9.69 10.62 12.38
Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................... 8.00 8.56 9.41 10.20 11.59
Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants........................ 8.56 8.93 9.82 11.12 11.70
Protective service occupations...................................... 6.67 7.00 8.00 8.80 10.12
Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 5.40 6.44 8.00 10.51 12.18
Cooks............................................................. 6.05 7.05 8.35 8.35 9.00
Food service, tipped.............................................. 2.13 8.07 11.12 12.18 12.18
Waiters and waitresses.......................................... 2.13 2.13 2.13 2.13 2.13
Fast food and counter workers..................................... 5.75 6.25 6.44 6.55 8.25
Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast
food........................................................... 5.75 6.20 6.44 6.50 8.25
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 7.50 8.50 9.00 9.77 28.00
Building cleaning workers......................................... 7.50 8.50 9.00 9.77 28.00
Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 7.50 8.50 9.00 9.77 28.00
Personal care and service occupations............................... 5.91 6.00 6.50 7.65 8.76
Recreation and fitness workers.................................... 7.55 7.55 8.76 10.00 12.00
Sales and related occupations....................................... 6.00 6.50 7.50 9.37 10.90
Retail sales workers.............................................. 6.00 6.50 7.25 9.00 10.50
Cashiers, all workers........................................... 6.50 7.00 7.02 8.50 9.40
Cashiers...................................................... 6.50 7.00 7.02 8.50 9.40
Retail salespersons............................................. 5.75 6.00 7.73 10.00 10.90
Office and administrative support occupations....................... 8.55 9.71 13.13 14.50 16.25
Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 8.90 8.90 11.84 13.73 13.73
Office clerks, general............................................ 8.69 9.71 10.00 10.00 12.00
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 7.62 9.60 10.44 17.07 20.88
Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 6.00 6.00 7.76 9.47 10.00
Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 6.00 6.00 7.76 8.67 10.00
Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand.......... 6.00 6.00 7.00 8.67 10.00
1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each
establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one
establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.
3
Bureau of Labor Statistics
