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Wildlife Monographs

Red Fox Predation on Breeding Ducks
in Midcontinent North America

Tables

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Table 8. Fox predation rate indices (ducks/den from surface food remains only) for dabbling ducks in 2 physiographic regions comprising Barnes, Kidder, Stutsman counties, North Dakota, relative to May pond numbers and dabbling duck densities, 1969-73^a.

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										Correlation withb
			1969	1970	1971	1972	1973	Avg.	CVc	May ponds	Population
Total dens			102	81	94	98	126
May pond (x 103)			170	152	87	148	54
All dabbling ducksd
	Population (x 103)		878	666	629	651	423	649	24.9	0.867*
	Predation rate index
		Drift plain	2.94	1.65	0.72	1.27	0.78	1.47	61.4
		Missouri Coteau	2.58	2.00	1.59	1.92	1.13	1.84	29.0
		Combined avg.	2.76	1.83	1.16	1.60	0.96	1.66	43.4	0.874*	0.930**
Mallard
	Population (x 103)		114	129	111	94	103	110	11.9	0.305
	Predation rate index		0.33	0.36	0.22	0.30	0.22	0.29	22.3	0.912**	0.525
Northern pintail
	Population (x 103)		195	145	81	145	61	125	43.2	0.971**
	Predation rate index		0.69	0.42	0.29	0.37	0.18	0.39	48.9	0.866*	0.945**
Northern shoveler
	Population (x 103)		73	77	39	74	31	59	37.3	0.971***
	Predation rate index		0.35	0.21	0.09	0.11	0.05	0.16	74.4	0.810*	0.689
Blue-winged teal
	Population (x 103)		333	174	284	199	149	227	34.0	0.406
	Predation rate index		0.65	0.28	0.29	0.33	0.19	0.35	50.1	0.712	0.832*
Gadwall
	Population (x 103)		117	111	104	104	71	101	17.6	0.875*
	Predation rate index		0.20	0.19	0.14	0.26	0.14	0.19	26.8	0.759	0.486

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^aFrom USFWS Breeding Pair Surveys for Stratum 46.
^bSignificance of correlation coefficients, 3 df: * = P < 0.10, ** = P < 0.05, and *** = P < 0.01.
^cCoefficient of variation.
^dRemains of 806 dabbling ducks identified from surface remains found at 501 dens, and includes all species listed plus American wigeon, green-winged teal, wood duck, and all unidentified dabbling ducks. Forty-four percent of the ducks and 49% of the dens were from the Drift Plain; the remainder were from the Missouri Coteau.

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