Chemical Sampling Information
	Acetone
Quick Links General Description Exposure Limits Health Factors Monitoring Search    [use word(s)/phrase] Table of Contents By Name A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z By CAS Number General Description Synonyms: Composite Constituent; Dimethyl ketone; Ketone Propane; 2-Propanone OSHA IMIS Code Number: 0040 Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) Registry Number: 67-64-1 NIOSH, Registry of Toxic Effects (RTECS) Identification Number: AL3150000 Department of Transportation Regulation Number (49 CFR 172.101) and Guide: 1090 127 [27 KB, PDF] NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards, Acetone: chemical description, physical properties, potentially hazardous incompatibilities, and more Exposure Limits OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) for General Industry: 29 CFR 1910.1000 Z-1 Table -- 1000 ppm, 2400 mg/m3 TWA OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) for Construction Industry: 29 CFR 1926.55 Appendix A -- 1000 ppm, 2400 mg/m3 TWA OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) for Maritime: 29 CFR 1915.1000 Table Z-Shipyards -- 1000 ppm, 2400 mg/m3 TWA American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value (TLV): 500 ppm, 1187 mg/m3 TWA; 750 ppm, 1780 mg/m3 STEL; Appendix A4 - Not Classifiable as a Human Carcinogen; BEI National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Limit (REL): 250 ppm, 590 mg/m3 TWA Health Factors NIOSH Immediately Dangerous To Life or Health Concentration (IDLH): 2,500 ppm Potential symptoms: Irritation of eyes, nose, throat; sore throat, cough; headache, dizziness, drowsiness, confusion, CNS depression, unconsciousness; eye redness, pain, blurred vision, dermatitis; INGES. ACUTE: Nausea, vomiting. Health Effects: Irritation-Eye, nose, throat, skin---mild (HE16); Nervous system disturbances---narcosis (HE8) Affected organs: Eyes, skin, respiratory system, CNS Notes: Vapor/air mixtures of acetone may be explosive. NIOSH’s IDLH is 10% of its lower explosive limit. Acetone is listed by the FDA as a substance that is permitted for direct addition to food for human consumption as a residual solvent at not more than 30 ppm in spice oleoresin extracts (21 CFR 173.210). EPA’s oral reference dose (daily oral exposure likely to be without an appreciable risk of deleterious effects during a lifetime) for acetone is 0.9 mg/kg/day. In male volunteers exposed to 250 ppm acetone for 2 hours, the mean half-life of acetone in blood (n=10) was 4.3 hours. It is metabolized to a large extent by cytochrome P450-2E1. About 20% is eliminated through expired air, and only about 1% is excreted unchanged in urine. Odor and irritation thresholds may be substantially higher in acetone-exposed employees than in those not exposed, due to sensory adaptation. Date Last Revised: 03/22/2007 Literature Basis: NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards: Acetone. International Chemical Safety Cards (WHO/IPCS/ILO): Acetone. U.S. EPA Integrated Risk Information System: Anthracene (CASRN 120-12-7). Ernstgård, L., Gullstrand, E., Johanson, G. and Löf, A.: Toxicokinetic interactions between orally ingested chlorzoxazone and inhaled acetone or toluene in male volunteers. Toxicol. Sci. 48(2): 189-196, 1999. Pohanish, R.P. (editor): Acetone. In, Sittig’s Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and Carcinogens, Fourth Ed., Vol. 1. Norwich, NY: Noyes Publications, William Andrew Publishing, 2002, pp. 34-37. Wysocki, C.J., Dalton, P., Brody, M.J. and Lawley, H.J.: Acetone odor and irritation thresholds obtained from acetone-exposed factory workers and from control (occupationally unexposed) subjects. Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. 58(10): 704-711, 1997. Monitoring Methods used by OSHA Laboratory Sampling/Analytical Method: sampling media: Carbosieve S-III Tube (130/65mg sections,60/80 mesh) analytical solvent: (99:1) Carbon Disulfide:Dimethylformamide maximum volume: 3 Liters   maximum flow rate: 0.05 L/min current analytical method: Gas Chromatography; GC/FID method reference: OSHA Analytical Method (OSHA 69) method classification: Fully Validated All Trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Accessibility Assistance: Contact the OSHA Directorate of Science, Technology and Medicine at 202-693-2300 for assistance accessing PDF materials.