Chemical Sampling Information
	Acetaldehyde
Quick Links General Description Exposure Limits Health Factors Monitoring Search    [use word(s)/phrase] Table of Contents By Name A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z By CAS Number General Description Synonyms: Ethanal; Acetic Aldehyde; Rosin Core Solder Pyrolysis Product OSHA IMIS Code Number: 0010 Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) Registry Number: 75-07-0 National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Registry of Toxic Effects (RTECS) Identification Number: AB1925000 Department of Transportation Regulation Number (49 CFR 172.101): 1089 129 [27 KB, PDF] NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards, Acetaldehyde: chemical description, physical properties, potentially hazardous incompatibilities, and more Exposure Limits OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) for General Industry: 29 CFR 1910.1000 Z-1 Table -- 200 ppm, 360 mg/m3 TWA OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) for Construction Industry: 29 CFR 1926.55 Appendix A -- 200 ppm, 360 mg/m3 TWA OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) for Maritime: 29 CFR 1915.1000 Table Z-Shipyards -- 200 ppm, 360 mg/m3 TWA American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value (TLV): 25 ppm, 45 mg/m3 Ceiling; Appendix A3 - Confirmed Animal Carcinogen with Unknown Relevance to Humans NIOSH Recommended Exposure Limit (REL): none established, Appendix A - NIOSH Potential Occupational Carcinogens; Appendix C - Supplementary Exposure Limits (Aldehydes) Health Factors National Toxicology Program (NTP) carcinogenic classification: Reasonably Anticipated to be Human Carcinogen [203 KB, PDF] International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) carcinogenic classification: Group 2B, Possibly carcinogenic to humans. [381 KB, PDF] Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) carcinogenic classification: Group B2, probable human carcinogen. NIOSH Immediately Dangerous To Life or Health Concentration (IDLH): 2,000 ppm Potential symptoms: Irritation of eyes, nose, throat; conjunctivitis; cough; CNS depression; eye, skin burns; dermatitis; delayed pulmonary edema; in animals: kidney, reproductive, teratogenic effects; [potential occupational carcinogen]; INGES. ACUTE: Dizziness; nausea, vomiting, diarrhea. Health Effects: Irritation- Eye, nose, Throat, Skin---Marked (HE14); Narcosis (HE8); Pulmonary edema (HE11). Affected organs: Eyes, skin, respiratory system, kidneys, CNS, reproductive system Notes: Vapor/air mixtures of acetaldehyde may be explosive. Acetaldehyde is listed by the FDA as a synthetic flavoring substance that is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) for its intended use (21 CFR 182.60). EPA’s reference concentration (daily inhalational exposure likely to be without an appreciable risk of deleterious noncancer effects during a lifetime) for acetaldehyde is 0.009 mg/m3. Acetaldehyde is a metabolite of ethanol. People of Asian descent may be more susceptible to adverse health effects, including certain cancers, because of a high incidence of polymorphism in the enzyme, aldehyde dehydrogenase-2. Increased damage to respiratory epithelium in nose, pharynx, larynx and trachea (but not lung) from the inhalation of acetaldehyde for two weeks has been observed in mice lacking this enzyme, compared with normal mice. People with asthma may be more susceptible to acetaldehyde-induced bronchoconstriction, which is thought to involve histamine release. Date Last Revised: 03/19/2007 Literature Basis: NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards: Acetaldehyde. International Chemical Safety Cards (WHO/IPCS/ILO): Acetaldehyde. EPA Air Toxics Website: Acetaldehyde. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Technology Transfer Network. Oyama, T., Isse, T., Ogawa, M., Muto, M., Uchiyama, I. and Kawamoto, T.: Susceptibility to inhalation toxicity of acetaldehyde in Aldh2 knockout mice. Front. Biosci. 12: 1927-1934, 2007. Pohanish, R.P. (editor): Acetaldehyde. In, Sittig’s Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and Carcinogens, Fourth Ed., Vol. 1. Norwich, NY: Noyes Publications, William Andrew Publishing, 2002, pp. 23-26. Prieto, L., Gutierrez, V., Cervera, A. and Linana, J.: Airway obstruction induced by inhaled acetaldehyde in asthma: repeatability relationship to adenosine 5’-monophosphate responsiveness. J. Investig. Allergol. Clin. Immunol. 12(2): 91-98, 2002. Monitoring Methods used by OSHA Laboratory Sampling/Analytical Method: sampling media: Coated XAD-2 Tube (450/225 mg sections) Coating is 10% (w/w) 2-(Hydroxymethyl)piperidine. analytical solvent: Toluene maximum volume: 3 Liters   maximum flow rate: 0.05 L/min (TWA) maximum volume: 0.75 Liters   maximum flow rate: 0.05 L/min (STEL) current analytical method: Gas Chromatography; GC/NPD method reference: OSHA Analytical Method (OSHA 68) method classification: Fully Validated On-Site Sampling Techniques/Methods: device: Detector Tube manufacturer: Dräger model/type: Acetaldehyde 100/a, order no. 67 26665 sampling information: 20 strokes upper measurement limit: 1000 ppm detection limit: approximately 10 ppm overall uncertainty: 25% method reference: on-site air secondary (manufacturer) device: Detector Tube manufacturer: AUER/MSA model/type: Acetaldehyde Formaldehyde-0,1, MSA P/N 497649, AUER P/N 5086-813 sampling information: follow manufacturer's instructions upper measurement limit: 50 ppm detection limit: 1 ppm overall uncertainty: unknown method reference: on-site air secondary (manufacturer) device: Detector Tube manufacturer: Matheson-Kitagawa model/type: 8014-133SB sampling information: follow manufacturer's instructions upper measurement limit: 140 ppm detection limit: 1 ppm overall uncertainty: unknown method reference: on-site air secondary (manufacturer) device: Detector Tube manufacturer: Gastec model/type: 92 sampling information: 1 to 4 strokes upper measurement limit: 750 ppm detection limit: 2 ppm overall uncertainty: 16.4% for 10 to 100 ppm, 8.2% for 100 to 300 ppm method reference: on-site air secondary (manufacturer) All Trademarks are the property of their respective owners. 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