About PLANTS Characteristics
Conservation Plant Characteristics Data Definitions
PLANTS Characteristics species list
Conservation Plant Characteristics
Betula nigra L.
river birch
BENI
Summary |
Duration |
Perennial |
Growth Habit |
Tree |
Native Status |
L48 (N) |
Federal T/E Status |
|
National Wetland Indicator |
FACW, OBL |
|
Morphology/Physiology |
Active Growth Period |
Spring and Summer |
After Harvest Regrowth Rate |
|
Bloat |
|
C:N Ratio |
Medium |
Coppice Potential |
No |
Fall Conspicuous |
No |
Fire Resistant |
No |
Flower Color |
Yellow |
Flower Conspicuous |
No |
Foliage Color |
Green |
Foliage Porosity Summer |
Moderate |
Foliage Porosity Winter |
Porous |
Foliage Texture |
Medium |
Fruit/Seed Color |
Brown |
Fruit/Seed Conspicuous |
No |
Growth Form |
Single Stem |
Growth Rate |
Rapid |
Height at 20 Years, Maximum (feet) |
35 |
Height, Mature (feet) |
80.00 |
Known Allelopath |
No |
Leaf Retention |
No |
Lifespan |
Moderate |
Low Growing Grass |
No |
Nitrogen Fixation |
|
Resprout Ability |
Yes |
Shape and Orientation |
Erect |
Toxicity |
None |
|
Growth Requirements |
Adapted to Coarse Textured Soils |
No |
Adapted to Fine Textured Soils |
Yes |
Adapted to Medium Textured Soils |
Yes |
Anaerobic Tolerance |
Low |
CaCO3 Tolerance |
None |
Cold Stratification Required |
No |
Drought Tolerance |
Low |
Fertility Requirement |
Medium |
Fire Tolerance |
High |
Frost Free Days, Minimum |
150 |
Hedge Tolerance |
None |
Moisture Use |
High |
pH, Minimum |
4.00 |
pH, Maximum |
6.00 |
Planting Density per Acre, Minimum |
300 |
Planting Density per Acre, Maximum |
700 |
Precipitation, Minimum |
30 |
Precipitation, Maximum |
50 |
Root Depth, Minimum (inches) |
20 |
Salinity Tolerance |
None |
Shade Tolerance |
Intolerant |
Temperature, Minimum (°F) |
-23 |
|
Reproduction |
Bloom Period |
Mid Spring |
Commercial Availability |
Routinely Available |
Fruit/Seed Abundance |
High |
Fruit/Seed Period Begin |
Spring |
Fruit/Seed Period End |
Spring |
Fruit/Seed Persistence |
No |
Propagated by Bare Root |
Yes |
Propagated by Bulb |
No |
Propagated by Container |
Yes |
Propagated by Corm |
No |
Propagated by Cuttings |
No |
Propagated by Seed |
Yes |
Propagated by Sod |
No |
Propagated by Sprigs |
No |
Propagated by Tubers |
No |
Seed per Pound |
374400 |
Seed Spread Rate |
Rapid |
Seedling Vigor |
High |
Small Grain |
No |
Vegetative Spread Rate |
Slow |
|
Suitability/Use |
Berry/Nut/Seed Product |
No |
Christmas Tree Product |
No |
Fodder Product |
No |
Fuelwood Product |
Medium |
Lumber Product |
No |
Naval Store Product |
No |
Nursery Stock Product |
No |
Palatable Browse Animal |
Medium |
Palatable Graze Animal |
|
Palatable Human |
No |
Post Product |
No |
Protein Potential |
Low |
Pulpwood Product |
Yes |
Veneer Product |
No |
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