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Title	EST! environmentally sustainable transport issue paper : soft measures and transport
Record ID	24455
Personal Name Creator	Gilbert, Richard
Publisher	Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Publication Date	20021200
Abstract	The purpose of this paper was to help guide and even provoke discussion at the workshop to be held in Berlin on 5-6 December, 2002, entitled Communicating Environmentally Sustainable TransportThe roles of soft measures in achieving EST. Its easier to understand the term soft measures by first considering its complement, hard measures. A hard measure is an action taken by government to change behavior that involves the use of taxes (or incentives) or the use of regulations or the provision of infrastructure or transport supply. Soft measures are other actions taken by government to change behavior. They usually involve the provision of factual information or the linking of behavior with positive or negative outcomes. In the usage of the present paper, a distinctive feature of soft measures is that they are noncoercive and relatively low in cost; i.e., they do not include taxes, regulations or major investments in infrastructure. This papers focus is on the use of soft measures to change transport behavior towards Environmentally Sustainable Transport (EST). An environmentally sustainable transport system is defined as a transportation system that does not endanger public health or ecosystems and meets needs for access consistent with (a) use of renewable resources at below their rates of regeneration, and (b) use of non-renewable resources at below the rates of development of renewable substitutes. Endnotes, 2 appendices, 15 figures, 8 tables, 58p.
TRT Terms	Travel behavior ; Attitudes ; Mode choice
General Subjects	Environmentally sustainable transport (EST); Soft measures
Classification	NTL - PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION - Social Impacts; NTL - PLANNING AND POLICY - Travel Demand; NTL - PLANNING AND POLICY - Public Participation and Outreach; NTL - PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION - PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION; NTL - PEDESTRIAN AND BICYCLES - PEDESTRIAN AND BICYCLES
Resource type	Research Paper
URL	http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/24000/24400/24455/16199621.pdf
Format	PDF
Language:	English
Database	NTL Digital Repository

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