A Review of the Problem of Lead Poisoning in Waterfowl
by
Glen C. Sanderson
Frank C. Bellrose
Illinois Natural History Survey
Special Publications 4 August 1986
This resource is based on the following source:
Sanderson, Glen C. and Frank C. Bellrose. 1986. A Review of the Problem of Lead Poisoning in Waterfowl. Illinois Natural History Survey, Champaign, Illinois. Special Publication 4. 34pp.This resource should be cited as:
Sanderson, Glen C. and Frank C. Bellrose. 1986. A Review of the Problem of Lead Poisoning in Waterfowl. Illinois Natural History Survey, Champaign, Illinois. Special Publication 4. 34pp. Jamestown ND: Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center Online. http://www.npwrc.usgs.gov/resource/birds/pbpoison/index.htm (Version 17OCT97).
Table of Contents
- Abstract
- Acknowledgments
- Introduction
- Sources of Lead Poisoning
- Ingested Lead Shot
- Sources Other Than Ingested Shot
- Diagnosis of Lead Poisoning
- Symptoms
- Diagnostic Techniques and Their Results
- Susceptibility to Lead Poisoning
- Susceptibility by Species
- Mitigating Effects of Diet
- Differences in Susceptibility Attributable to Sex
- Differences in Susceptibility Attributable to Age
- Differences in Susceptibiltiy Attributable to Size
- Mortality from Lead Poisoning
- Overlooked Losses
- Data from Duck Die-offs
- Data from Laboratory and Field Studies
- Practices to Reduce Lead Toxicosis
- Manipulation of the Habitat
- The Case for Steel Shot
- Discussion
- References Cited
Downloading Instructions
-- Instructions on downloading and extracting files from this site.
pbpoison.zip (214K) -- A Review of the Problem of Lead Poisoning in WaterfowlInstallation: Extract all files and open index.htm in a web browser.