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Topic: Oceanography
Note: These links lead to resources not on the NOAA Library website.
Academic Institutions
National and international academic and governmental oceanographic organizations
A comprehensive list of links from Open Seas Instrumentation, Inc.
http://www.openseas.com/oceanweb.htm
Dalhousie
University
Department of Oceanography
Many good links and research project descriptions.
http://oceanography.dal.ca/index.html
Harbor
Branch Oceanographic Institution Inc.
Not strictly an educational institution but primarily a non-profit research
institution that has its own fleet of ships and submersibles.
http://www.hboi.edu/
Lamont-Doherty
Earth Observatory of Columbia University.
http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/
Scripps
Institution of Oceanography (home page)
http://scilib.ucsd.edu/sio/guide/megasites.html
(linking page)
Links to much of the rest of the oceanographic world.
http://www-sio.ucsd.edu/
State
Sea Grant Offices
Related organizations linking site. From this page, one can search the directory
or view a list of contact information in each state.
http://www.nsgo.seagrant.org/other/sgdirectory.html
Texas
A&M University Oceanography.
Links to much of the rest of the oceanographic world. Of particular interest
are Gulf Links which is a linking site to information on the Gulf of Mexico,
International research ship information, and UNOLS.
http://www-ocean.tamu.edu/
http://www-ocean.tamu.edu/Nav/links.html
University
of California at Santa Cruz
Full descriptions of undergraduate and graduate programs.
http://oceansci.ucsc.edu/
University
of Hawaii
School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology.
http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/
University
of Rhode Island, Graduate School of Oceanography
http://www.gso.uri.edu
University
of Washington School of Oceanography
http://www.ocean.washington.edu
Woods
Hole Oceanographic Institution
http://www.whoi.edu
Woods
Hole Oceanographic Institution Deep Submergence Laboratory
http://www.dsl.whoi.edu/
Acoustic Ocean Thermometry
ATOC
home page
Measuring global climate change through variations in the velocity of sound in
seawater.
http://atoc.ucsd.edu/
Acoustics
Ocean Acoustics
at the University of Washington Applied Physics Laboratory.
http://oa.apl.washington.edu/
Antarctic and Southern Ocean
Antarctic
Educational site
New Zealand Antarctic Institute
Includes Adaptation to the Cold, A Continent of Ice and Rock, history of Antarctic
exploration and more - a great resource for teachers and educators from the New
Zealand Antarctic Program.
http://www.antarcticanz.govt.nz/education/1029
Antarctic Cooperative
Research Center
University of Tasmania.
http://www.antcrc.utas.edu.au/antcrc/main.html
Atlas
of the Southern Ocean.
Incorporates oceanographic information from the most recent German and Russian
cruises to points south of Latitude 30. A high quality electronic product.
http://www.awi-bremerhaven.de/Atlas/SO/Deckblatt.html
Polar
pointers
Ohio State University
A comprehensive listing of links to polar meteorology, oceanography, and
other earth sciences. (Click 'Polar Pointers' in left frame.)
http://www-bprc.mps.ohio-state.edu/
Arctic Ocean
Arctic Council
Arctic Council
High-level intergovernmental forum that provides a mechanism to address the
common concerns and challenges faced by the Arctic governments and the people
of the Arctic.
http://www.arctic-council.org/
Arctic Theme Page
NOAA
Links to Arctic related data from widely distributed national and international
research institutions.
http://www.arctic.noaa.gov
Polar
pointers
Ohio State University.
A comprehensive listing of links to polar meteorology, oceanography,
and other earth sciences. (Click 'Polar Pointers' in left frame.)
http://www-bprc.mps.ohio-state.edu/polarpointers/PolarPointers.html
Bering
Sea Climate
NOAA Fisheries-Oceanography Coordinated Investigations
Ecological and climatic indices for the Bering Sea which will serve as measures
of climate and ecosystem status for the Bering Sea
http://www.beringclimate.noaa.gov/
Buoy and Drifter Oceanography
Drifter
Studies in the Mediterranean
Naval Postgraduate School
http://www.oc.nps.navy.mil/~radlab/drifter.html
National
Data Buoy Center
Part of the National Weather Service
http://seaboard.ndbc.noaa.gov/ (Home)
http://seaboard.ndbc.noaa.gov/faq.shtml (FAQ)
Global Drifter Buoy Centerand Data Assembly Center.
NOAA
http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/phod/dac/
Texas
Automated Buoy System (TABS)
Texas General Land Office and Texas A&M.
This system monitors offshore wind and currents and helps predict the trajectory
of oil and chemical spills.
http://www.gerg.tamu.edu/Tglo/
Array
for Real-time Geostrophic Oceanography (Argo)
Argo is a global array of 3,000 free-drifting profiling floats that will measure
the temperature and salinity of the upper 2000 m of the ocean. This will allow
continuous monitoring of the climate state of the ocean, with all data being
relayed and made publicly available within hours after collection. View maps/get
data at Argo
Information Centre also: NOAA
AOMLS's ARGO site, and NOAA PMEL's
ARGO site
http://www-argo.ucsd.edu/
Careers
in Oceanography and Marine Science
Careers
in Oceanography, Marine Science & Marine Biology
Scripps Institute - UCSD
Very thorough list of links to many sources.
http://scilib.ucsd.edu/sio/guide/career.html
Careers
& Jobs in Marine Biology & Oceanography
Stanford University.
More links to many sources.
http://www-marine.stanford.edu/HMSweb/careers.html
Careers
in Marine Science
Contains interviews answers to FAQs and links. Also provides more of a Canadian
perspective.
http://oceanlink.island.net/career/career2.html
Women
in Marine Science
http://www.womenoceanographers.org/
Course in Oceanography
San Jose State University
A course offering.
http://geosun1.sjsu.edu/~dreed/105.html
The
Practical Oceanographer - A Guide to Working at Sea.
Johns Hopkins University
Not a course per se, but still a good read for chief scientists, principal investigators,
post-docs, graduate students, undergraduates who wish to conduct oceanography
at sea, or just anyone curious about how oceanography is conducted from research
vessels. Much sound advice can be found in this work. A personal
view from Dr. Rick Chapman of Johns Hopkins University.
http://fermi.jhuapl.edu/book/index.html
Data Centers
Australian
Oceanographic Data Centre.
http://www.metoc.gov.au/about.html
Belgium - Flanders Marine Institute
(VLIZ)
http://www.vliz.be/En/About/about.htm
British
Oceanographic Data Centre
http://www.bodc.ac.uk/
Canada's
Marine Environmental Data Service
http://www.meds-sdmm.dfo-mpo.gc.ca
Deutsches
Ozeanographisches Datenzentrum, Hamburg
Marine Environmental Database, North Sea and Baltic Sea by 1° rectangles
Atlantic Ocean by 10° rectangles, stations of the Baltic Monitoring Programme,
cruise inventories and North Sea oil spill information
http://www.bsh.de/Oceanography/Climate/Actual.htm
Fleet
Numerical Meteorology and Oceanography Center
Automated numerical meteorological and oceanographic (METOC) analyses and predictions.
https://www.fnmoc.navy.mil/
French
National Oceanographic Data Centre: IFREMER/SISMER
Catalogues, information and data request forms, and hyperlinks to other data
sources
http://www.ifremer.fr/sismer/sommaire_e.html
Japan
Oceanographic Data Center
http://www.jodc.go.jp/
Marine
Information Service (MARIS), Netherlands
North sea research projects (oceanography, biology, hydrography, geology, chemistry,
meteorology) Offshore oil and gas activities, sand and gravel extraction, and
a European directory of marine Environmental Data
http://www.maris.nl/
NASA
Physical Oceanography Distributed Active Archive Center.
http://podaac.jpl.nasa.gov/
ORDINAFRICA
Ocean Data and Information Network for Africa
http://www.odinafrica.net/
SADCO
- South African Data Centre for Oceanography
http://fred.csir.co.za/ematek/sadco/
United
States National Oceanographic Data Center
http://www.nodc.noaa.gov
El Nino-Southern Oscillation
AIRS
- Atmospheric Infrared Sounder home page
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Included under Education page is a cloud segment and an El Nino segment.
http://www-airs.jpl.nasa.gov/index.html
El
Nino Theme Page
PMEL
FAQ page, links to data sources, El Nino forecast, etc. Award-winning site as
the Grand Champion winner of the best WWW Page in NOAA and Federal Showcase
Award.
http://www.pmel.noaa.gov/tao/elnino/nino-home.html
El
Nino resource page
COAPS Library at Florida State University
This site has bibliographies, on-line publications, links to other pages, etc.
http://www.coaps.fsu.edu:80/lib/elninolinks/
El
Nino bibliography
Florida State University library
http://www.coaps.fsu.edu/lib/elninobib/
ENSO
Experiment
NOAA Office of Global Programs.
Exploring links between ENSO and human health.
http://www.ogp.noaa.gov/mpe/csi/cvhh/ensoexp.htm
The
ENSO SIGNAL
National Center for Atmospheric Research
Published four times a year by the Environmental and Societal Impacts Group
with support from NOAA's Office of Global Programs.
http://www.isse.ucar.edu/signal/index.html
1997-1998
El Nino page
NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory
http://podaac.jpl.nasa.gov/el_nino/
Ocean
Surface Topography from Space, El Nino/La Nina 1997-2001
NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory
http://topex-www.jpl.nasa.gov/science/enso97/el_nino_1997.html
Satellite
Altimetry data from TOPEX/POSEIDON
processed by the NOAA Laboratory for Satellite Altimetry
T traces the evolution and continuation of the 1997 El Nino event. In
particular, check the Eastern Equatorial Pacific diagrams shown for each week
since April 1997.
http://ibis.grdl.noaa.gov/SAT/hist/index.html
Glossary
Glossary
of oceanographic terms
Texas A&M
http://oceanworld.tamu.edu/resources/glossary.htm
Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS)
International
GOOS
http://www.ioc.unesco.org/goos/
United
States GOOS
http://www-ocean.tamu.edu/GOOS/
Gulf of Mexico
Minerals
Management Service Gulf of Mexico Region.
Check out the topic index.
http://www.gomr.mms.gov/index.html
(home)
http://www.gomr.mms.gov/homepg/regulate/environ/env_pge2.html
(Environmental Program)
National
Estuary Program - Gulf of Mexico
http://www.epa.gov/owow/estuaries/
Gulf Stream
Gulf
Stream velocity
Delft University of Technology Institute of Earth-Oriented Space Research
Derived from satellite altimetry data. Map produced weekly.
http://www.deos.tudelft.nl/altim/gulfstream/
Hydrothermal Vents
The
Vents Program
NOAA's Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratories
Studies the geochemical, physical, biological, and geological environment surrounding
hydrothermal seafloor vents.
http://www.pmel.noaa.gov/vents/home.html
International Ice Patrol
International
Ice Patrol Oceanography
United States Coast Guard. Includes history of the Ice Patrol and the sinking
of the TITANIC.
http://www.uscg.mil/lantarea/iip/home.html (click on Oceanography)
Joint Global Ocean Flux
U.
S. Joint Global Ocean Flux Study
The study of the carbon dioxide absorption capability of the World Ocean. This
program is an integral part of studies of global climate change.
http://www1.whoi.edu/jgofs.html
Links
American
Society of Limnology and Oceanography (ASLO) Links
This is a great linking page to weather, oceanography, space and satellite sites,
academic institutions, etc.
http://aslo.org/links.html
Cornell
University Oceanography on the Web
http://www.geo.cornell.edu/geology/classes/Geo104/Oceanweblinks.HTML
Florida
State University COAPS Program
Linking page to universities, organizations, etc.
http://coaps.fsu.edu/
Jet
Propulsion Laboratory PODAAC linking page
F for oceanography, climate, and earth sciences.
http://podaac.jpl.nasa.gov/info/links.html#1
NASA
Global Change Master Directory
Links to oceanographic data and information.
http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Resources/pointers/pointwais.html
NOAA
Environmental Information Services
Oceanography linking page.
http://www.esdim.noaa.gov/ocean_page.html
Ocean
Drilling Program linking page.
http://www-odp.tamu.edu/odpwww.htm
Ocean
Portal
UNESCO
A high level directory of ocean data and information maintained by the International
Oceanographic Data and Information Exchange Program of the International Oceanographic
Commission (IOC) of UNESCO.
http://oceanportal.org
COAPS
(Center for Ocean-Atmospheric Prediction Studies) Data Products.
Florida State University.
http://coaps.fsu.edu/nav.php
Polar
pointers
Ohio State University.
A comprehensive listing of links to polar meteorology, oceanography, and
other earth sciences. (Click 'Polar Pointers' in left frame.)
http://www-bprc.mps.ohio-state.edu/
Scripps
Institution of Oceanography linking page
http://scilib.ucsd.edu/sio/
OceanExpert
(or the Global Directory of Marine (and Freshwater) Professionals
Contains over 10652 records added on voluntary basis. It is intended to be a
tool for scientists, policy makers and anyone who needs to contact a marine
or freshwater professional.
http://www.iode.org/oceanexpert/
Mapping the Seafloor
Data
and research covering the continental margins
National Science Foundation (NSF) Margins Office
http://www.margins.wustl.edu/MARGINS_Office/AboutMARGINS.html
GLORIA
sidescan sonar imagery
USGS
Covers Gulf of Mexico
http://coastalmap.marine.usgs.gov/gloria/index.html
National
Geophysical Data Center
Bathymetry, topography, and global relief imagery.
http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/mggd.html
NOAA
Ship DISCOVERER and USGS sidescan and seismic profile mapping
Juan de Fuca Ridge area.
http://walrus.wr.usgs.gov/gordaridge/disco.html
NOAA
Ship McArthur and USGS sidescan sonar mapping
Monterey Bay Marine Sanctuary.
http://walrus.wr.usgs.gov/mcarthur/index.html
Seafloor
topography derived from satellite altimetry data
NOAA and Scripps Institution of Oceanography.
http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/mggd.html
also: http://topex.ucsd.edu/marine_topo/mar_topo.html
Seafloor Mapping Surveys.
USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Program
http://coastalmap.marine.usgs.gov/regional/contusa/index.html
Ocean Drilling Program
The
Ocean Drilling Program
Texas A&M. This
Site gives history of the program, results, ship schedule, etc.
http://www-odp.tamu.edu/
Ocean
Drilling Program linking page.
http://www-odp.tamu.edu/odpwww.htm
Ocean Modeling
Ocean
Modeling with super computers
National Science Foundation and Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center.
Trying to predict currents, temperatures, sea-level rise, biological parameters,
acoustic scattering and other parameters.
http://www.psc.edu/MetaCenter/MetaScience/bin/meta_browse.cgi?L+530+500
OPA
- Ocean General Circulation Model
Laboratoire d'Océanographie Dynamique et de Climatologie (LODYC)
http://www.lodyc.jussieu.fr/opa/
Parallel
Ocean Program Simulation part of Arctic
Modeling Effort
Naval Postgraduate School.
http://www.oc.nps.navy.mil/sbi/amodel.htm
Parallel
Ocean Program (POP)
Los Alamos National Laboratory
http://www.lanl.gov/orgs/t/t3/codes/pop.shtml
Research Vessels
U.
S. Coast Guard ice breakers
Includes Antarctic Support Associates icebreaker NATHANIEL PALMER.
http://www.uscg.mil/datasheet/icepolr.htm
NOAA
Research and Survey vessels.
http://www.moc.noaa.gov/
Research
ship schedules
University of Delaware
This is the definitive listing of virtually all major research ship schedules.
http://www.researchvessels.org/
Woods
Hole Oceanographic Institution -
Includes their ships, the submersible ALVIN, and remotely operated vehicles.
http://www.whoi.edu/marops/index.html
RIDGE Program
The
National Science Foundation RIDGE program.
Studies of the Mid-Ocean Ridge system.
Satellite Oceanography
OSCAR: Ocean Surface Current Analyses-
Real time.
Presents viewable near-realtime ocean surface currents derived from satellite
altimeter and scatterometer data
http://www.oscar.noaa.gov/.
Satellite Altimetry - European Remote-Sensing Satellite page includes discussion
of satellite altimetry and links to oceanographic and geophysical uses of data.
Pages are from the Delft University of Technology Institute of Earth-Oriented
Space Research,
http://www.deos.tudelft.nl/
(Home)
http://www.deos.tudelft.nl/signal/altim.shtml
(discussion of altimetry method)
http://www.deos.tudelft.nl/altim/gulfstream/
(Gulf Stream studies)
Satellite Altimetry - Global seafloor topography from satellite altimetry from
NOAA and Scripps Institution of Oceanography. http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov:80/mgg/image/seafloor.html
Satellite Altimetry - NOAA
Laboratory for satellite altimetry.
http://ibis.grdl.noaa.gov/SAT/SAT.html
Satellite Altimetry - Sea-Level
analysis using the European Remote-Sensing Satellite altimeter from the
European Space Agency.
http://www.esa.int/esaCP/GGGOESF3AEC_Protecting_1.html
Satellite Altimetry - Topex/Poseidon
oceanographic satellite home page.
http://topex-www.jpl.nasa.gov/
Satellite
Oceanography
Naval Postgraduate School.
This is an educational page showing images of phytoplankton production, sea-surface
temperature, wave height, sea-level change, etc., all derived from satellite
imagery.
http://www.oc.nps.navy.mil/~icon/frames/satellite_frame.html
SeaWiFS
Home Page
Satellite system determining ocean color, nutrients, temperature, etc.
http://oceancolor.gsfc.nasa.gov/SeaWiFS/
NOAA
Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research
Partner in the Ocean Color project.
http://www.cop.noaa.gov/
SeaWiFS Project
Image Gallery at NASA.
http://oceancolor.gsfc.nasa.gov/FEATURE/gallery.html
Sea Surface Temperature
Sea Surface Temperature information
Navy Fleet Numerical Oceanographic Center.
Includes archival information that traces evolution of recent El Nino, ice information,
and other parameters.
https://www.fnoc.navy.mil/PUBLIC/ (example)
Near
real-time sea surface temperature maps
NESDIS
Both regional and global extent. Black and white contour and colorized contour
maps available.
http://www.osdpd.noaa.gov/PSB/EPS/SST/contour.html
Northwestern
Atlantic Ocean, Gulf of Mexico, Chesapeake Bay regional images
Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory
Including Gulf Stream and archive for look-back ability.
http://fermi.jhuapl.edu/avhrr/sst.html
Periodically
updated sea surface temperature global images
University of Wisconsin.
http://www.ssec.wisc.edu/data/sst/latest_sst.gif
SeaWiFS
SeaWiFS
Project Satellite System
Ocean color, nutrients, temperature, etc.
http://oceancolor.gsfc.nasa.gov/SeaWiFS/BACKGROUND/
SeaWiFS Project image gallery at NASA
NASA
http://oceancolor.gsfc.nasa.gov/FEATURE/gallery.html
Space Shuttle Oceanography
Oceanography
from the space shuttle
Photos and explanations of various observations made by the astronauts.
http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/index.html
Also: NASA
- Oceanography Educational Materials
TOPEX/POSEIDON Satellite
Topex/Poseidon
oceanographic satellite home page.
http://topex-www.jpl.nasa.gov/
Tides and Sea Levels
National Tidal Centre
Flinders University of South Australia
Provides tide predictions for Australia, Antarctica and the Pacific.
http://www.ntf.flinders.edu.au/
Tides
Online
Immediate graphical and tabular water level and meteorological data from NOS
water level stations located along the projected path of severe storms such
as hurricanes
http://tidesonline.nos.noaa.gov/
Tides
and Tide Prediction
Hyperlinks to online tide predictor Websites and tide prediction software
http://scilib.ucsd.edu/sio/tide/
NOAA's
Center for Operational Oceanographic Products and Services (CO-OPS)
Oceanographic Products and Services Division of the National Ocean Service of
NOAA. This office is the source of tide predictions for the United States,
tidal current information, real-time P.O.R.T.S information, and tidal bench
mark information.
http://co-ops.nos.noaa.gov
CO-OPS
Verified/Historical Water Level Data
http://www.co-ops.nos.noaa.gov/data_res.html
CO-OPS
Tide Publications
NOAA, National Ocean Service, Center for Operational Oceanographic Products
and Services
Includes the CO-OPS
Tide Glossary in PDF format
http://co-ops.nos.noaa.gov/pub.html
CO-OPS
Tide Predictions
Developed for the United States by the National Ocean Service of NOAA.
http://co-ops.nos.noaa.gov/tide_pred.html
CO-OPS
Our Restless Tides
An explanation of the causes of tides by the National Ocean Service.
http://co-ops.nos.noaa.gov/restles1.html
NOAA
Sea Levels Online
http://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/sltrends/sltrends.shtml
Admiralty
EasyTide
UK Hydrographic Office (UKHO)
Tidal predictions for over 6000 ports worldwide. Tidal predictions for the current
day and the next consecutive 6 are provided free of charge.
http://easytide.ukho.gov.uk/easytide/EasyTide/SelectPort.aspx/
WWW Tide and Current Predictor
University of South Carolina
http://tbone.biol.sc.edu/tide/sitesel.html
Tides.INFO
Tide predictions from around the globe.
http://www.tides.info/
TOGA-TAO
NOAA/PMEL
TAO Home Page.
TAO observing array in the Tropical Pacific.
http://www.pmel.noaa.gov/tao/
Tsunami
International
Tsunami Information Center
Located in Honolulu, the Center was established in 1965 by the Intergovernmental
Oceanographic Commission of the United Nations.
http://www.tsunamiwave.info/
Science
of Tsunami Hazards
Links to tsunami sites at NOAA, various other government agencies, and universities.
http://www.sthjournal.org/
Tsunami
FAQ's from the Tsunami Museum
An informative FAQ page that discusses tsunamis in layperson's terminology.
Concentrates on the Hawaiian Islands.
http://www.tsunami.org/faq.htm
Tsunami
FAQ's from PMEL
Includes links to other sites expanding on various topics associated with tsunamis.
http://www.pmel.noaa.gov/toga-Tao/ThemePages/nws/tsunami-nws.html
National
Tsunami Hazard Mitigation Program
Real-time data received from the tsunami early warning network of moored buoys
http://www.pmel.noaa.gov/tsunami-hazard/
Tsunami
Warning System.
http://www.geophys.washington.edu/tsunami/general/warning/warning.html
Tsunami
Data at the National Geophysical Data Center
The tsunami databases consists of two files: the event database and the runup
database. The event database contains information on the tsunami such as the
cause of the tsunami, the source location, the magnitude and intensity of the
tsunami, etc. The runup database contains information on locations where tsunami
effects occurred.
http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/seg/hazard/tsu.shtml
VENTS Program
The
Vents Program
NOAA's Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratories
Studies the geochemical, physical, biological, and geological environment surrounding
hydrothermal seafloor vents.
http://www.pmel.noaa.gov/vents/home.html
Waves and Swell
California Swell Models
Scripps Institution of Oceanography.
http://cdip.ucsd.edu/?nav=recent&sub=nowcast
Global Wave
Watch 3 (WW3) forecasts out to 120 hours.
Fleet Numerical Meteorology and Oceanography Center
https://www.fnmoc.navy.mil/PUBLIC/WW3/index.html
Global
Significant Wave Height Map
Oceanweather Inc.
http://www.oceanweather.com/data/index.html
Surfing
Information Center
Surfline
Links to surfing Web sites worldwide.
http://surfinfo.surfline.com/
NOAA
NCEP worldwide wave predictions
http://facs.scripps.edu/surf/gblpac.html
Photos
of waves
from the infamous Wedge. Commercial site with beautiful photography.
http://www.romanoskyphoto.com/html/wild_wedge1.html
Marine
Forecast Products from NOAA Ocean Prediction Center
include Regional and High Seas Text and Graphic Products for western Atlantic
and eastern Pacific Oceans.
http://www.opc.ncep.noaa.gov/
Wave
Modeling
Surfline
Use of NOAA data to generate user friendly wave information for East Coast and
Gulf of Mexico. Good site for those wondering about surf conditions for
a weekend trip to the shore.
http://surfinfo.surfline.com/html/wave.html
WOCE
World Ocean Circulation Experiment. A worldwide cooperative experiment to observe
the world ocean circulation and currents. Observations made between 1990 and 1997.
http://www.soc.soton.ac.uk/OTHERS/woceipo/ipo.html
(International Project Office)
http://oceanography.tamu.edu/Research/WOCE/uswoce.html
(U. S. Project Office at Texas A&M)
http://woce.nodc.noaa.gov/wdiu/
(NOAA, Global Data Resource)
"Man stands with bowed head in the presence of nature's
visible grandeurs, such as towering mountains, precipices, or icebergs, forests
of immense trees, grand rivers, or waterfalls. He realizes the force of
waves that can sweep away light-houses or toss an ocean steamer about like a
cork. In a vessel floating on the Gulf Stream one sees nothing of the
current and knows nothing but what experience tells him; but to be anchored
in its depths far out of the sight of land, and to see the mighty torrent rushing
past at a speed of miles per hour, day after day and day after day, one begins
to think that all the wonders of the earth combined can not equal this one river
in the ocean." John Elliott Pillsbury in the introduction to his 1891 classic
work, "The Gulf Stream."
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