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Highway
Profile
Excel | CSV
FINANCIAL
Government receipts, total ($ millions)1 |
11,193 |
21,763 |
39,834 |
75,444 |
91,312 |
96,347 |
102,771 |
107,421 |
111,581 |
121,650 |
131,115 |
132,324 |
134,765 |
138,384 |
145,315 |
154,690 |
Federal,
total |
2,771 |
6,160 |
9,949 |
14,576 |
17,854 |
19,851 |
23,196 |
21,648 |
24,509 |
26,008 |
30,819 |
27,670 |
28,527 |
29,875 |
30,911 |
33,070 |
Highway trust funda |
2,531 |
5,464 |
7,615 |
13,380 |
16,582 |
18,835 |
22,036 |
20,500 |
23,396 |
25,085 |
29,445 |
26,365 |
26,808 |
27,755 |
28,576 |
31,194 |
Other |
240 |
696 |
2,334 |
1,196 |
1,272 |
1,016 |
1,160 |
1,148 |
1,113 |
923 |
1,374 |
1,305 |
1,719 |
2,120 |
2,335 |
1,876 |
State
and local, total |
8,422 |
15,603 |
29,885 |
60,868 |
73,458 |
76,496 |
79,575 |
85,773 |
87,072 |
95,642 |
100,296 |
104,654 |
106,238 |
108,509 |
114,404 |
121,620 |
State
and D.C. |
6,055 |
11,737 |
19,666 |
40,026 |
47,699 |
50,064 |
52,808 |
58,087 |
58,806 |
63,274 |
66,434 |
68,873 |
68,430 |
67,792 |
72,860 |
77,725 |
Local |
2,367 |
3,866 |
10,219 |
20,842 |
25,759 |
26,432 |
26,767 |
27,686 |
28,266 |
32,368 |
33,862 |
35,781 |
37,808 |
40,717 |
41,544 |
43,895 |
Government
expenditures, total ($ millions)1 |
10,757 |
20,829 |
41,763 |
75,408 |
90,192 |
93,478 |
98,082 |
101,953 |
107,975 |
116,011 |
122,697 |
129,900 |
135,919 |
143,812 |
147,489 |
152,699 |
Federal,
total |
197 |
425 |
874 |
664 |
1,306 |
1,402 |
1,598 |
1,315 |
1,375 |
1,428 |
1,680 |
1,913 |
1,761 |
2,388 |
3,470 |
1,902 |
Highway trust funda |
27 |
83 |
315 |
358 |
965 |
1,092 |
1,384 |
1,103 |
1,170 |
1,249 |
1,304 |
1,463 |
1,261 |
1,690 |
2,436 |
758 |
Otherb |
170 |
342 |
559 |
306 |
341 |
310 |
214 |
212 |
205 |
179 |
376 |
450 |
500 |
698 |
1,034 |
1,144 |
State
and local, total |
10,560 |
20,404 |
40,889 |
74,744 |
88,886 |
92,076 |
96,484 |
100,638 |
106,600 |
114,583 |
121,017 |
127,987 |
134,158 |
141,424 |
144,019 |
150,797 |
State
and D.C. |
7,125 |
14,100 |
25,936 |
45,609 |
55,569 |
56,981 |
59,709 |
61,534 |
65,507 |
71,415 |
76,997 |
81,803 |
85,653 |
88,377 |
88,026 |
94,484 |
Local |
3,435 |
6,304 |
14,953 |
29,135 |
33,317 |
35,095 |
36,775 |
39,104 |
41,093 |
43,168 |
44,020 |
46,184 |
48,505 |
53,047 |
55,993 |
56,313 |
State
highway user tax revenuesc, total ($ millions) |
5,323 |
10,284 |
17,178 |
35,944 |
46,437 |
47,424 |
49,756 |
51,381 |
54,507 |
56,269 |
57,144 |
58,508 |
58,299 |
59,642 |
62,830 |
64,801 |
Motor
fuel tax2 |
3,374 |
6,433 |
9,485 |
19,658 |
25,860 |
26,881 |
27,555 |
28,477 |
29,803 |
30,753 |
31,981 |
32,519 |
33,046 |
34,016 |
35,272 |
35,831 |
Other motor fuel receiptsd, 2 |
22 |
44 |
92 |
220 |
101 |
108 |
63 |
55 |
58 |
134 |
179 |
298 |
297 |
277 |
194 |
202 |
Motor
vehicle registration fees
3 |
1,514 |
2,873 |
5,173 |
10,257 |
12,388 |
11,942 |
13,234 |
13,631 |
14,552 |
14,882 |
13,704 |
14,437 |
13,316 |
13,606 |
14,443 |
15,377 |
Other motor vehicle feese, 3 |
235 |
577 |
1,490 |
3,353 |
4,505 |
4,416 |
4,689 |
4,704 |
5,068 |
5,350 |
5,696 |
5,764 |
6,077 |
5,885 |
6,373 |
6,451 |
Motor carrier taxesf, 3 |
110 |
176 |
323 |
695 |
875 |
770 |
726 |
729 |
861 |
740 |
784 |
753 |
703 |
709 |
730 |
786 |
Miscellaneous
fees3 |
68 |
181 |
615 |
1,761 |
2,708 |
3,307 |
3,489 |
3,785 |
4,165 |
4,410 |
4,800 |
4,737 |
4,860 |
5,149 |
5,819 |
6,154 |
INVENTORY
Rural / urban mileage by ownership, total4 |
3,545,693 |
3,730,082 |
3,859,837 |
3,866,926 |
3,906,595 |
3,912,226 |
3,919,652 |
3,944,601 |
3,906,304 |
3,917,245 |
3,936,241 |
3,948,335 |
3,966,494 |
3,974,103 |
3,981,521 |
3,995,644 |
Rural
mileage, total |
3,116,125 |
3,169,412 |
3,230,936 |
3,122,282 |
3,092,810 |
3,092,520 |
3,092,887 |
3,108,493 |
3,064,650 |
3,071,181 |
3,084,000 |
3,071,332 |
3,071,768 |
3,033,133 |
3,000,247 |
2,985,804 |
Under
state control |
658,896 |
707,002 |
750,479 |
702,486 |
690,372 |
690,924 |
691,156 |
692,767 |
660,834 |
660,682 |
661,798 |
663,134 |
662,855 |
652,522 |
648,555 |
636,339 |
Under federal controlg |
111,912 |
187,696 |
246,130 |
178,188 |
173,650 |
170,568 |
168,938 |
167,369 |
118,369 |
116,846 |
116,698 |
119,270 |
117,751 |
120,208 |
117,740 |
123,413 |
Under
local control |
2,345,317 |
2,274,714 |
2,234,327 |
2,241,608 |
2,228,788 |
2,231,029 |
2,232,793 |
2,248,357 |
2,285,447 |
2,293,653 |
2,305,504 |
2,288,928 |
2,291,162 |
2,260,403 |
2,233,952 |
2,226,052 |
County
roads |
1,742,404 |
1,732,981 |
1,542,984 |
1,616,634 |
1,624,982 |
1,626,927 |
1,627,639 |
1,642,468 |
1,647,025 |
1,649,291 |
1,656,906 |
1,637,616 |
1,628,510 |
1,623,786 |
1,608,094 |
1,598,718 |
Town, township and municipal roadsh |
538,651 |
510,174 |
458,231 |
437,460 |
423,908 |
424,529 |
426,170 |
426,433 |
426,340 |
590,206 |
592,623 |
595,197 |
606,398 |
580,825 |
573,871 |
575,569 |
Other local roadsh |
64,262 |
31,559 |
233,112 |
187,514 |
179,898 |
179,573 |
178,984 |
179,456 |
212,082 |
54,156 |
55,975 |
56,115 |
56,254 |
55,792 |
51,987 |
51,765 |
Urban
mileage, total |
429,568 |
560,670 |
628,901 |
744,644 |
813,785 |
819,706 |
826,765 |
836,108 |
841,654 |
846,064 |
852,241 |
877,003 |
894,726 |
940,970 |
981,274 |
1,009,840 |
Under
state control |
50,158 |
74,103 |
97,287 |
95,778 |
109,947 |
111,766 |
111,924 |
112,226 |
110,017 |
109,956 |
110,195 |
109,136 |
110,434 |
120,033 |
126,132 |
140,913 |
Under federal controlg |
N |
N |
1,495 |
1,024 |
1,484 |
1,509 |
1,470 |
1,464 |
1,485 |
1,503 |
1,484 |
2,234 |
2,819 |
3,560 |
3,561 |
3,783 |
Under
local control |
N |
N |
530,119 |
647,842 |
702,354 |
706,431 |
713,371 |
722,418 |
730,152 |
734,605 |
740,562 |
765,633 |
781,473 |
817,377 |
851,581 |
865,144 |
County
roads |
N |
N |
71,357 |
95,929 |
115,388 |
117,518 |
117,181 |
117,487 |
117,016 |
117,105 |
116,918 |
144,065 |
144,615 |
156,598 |
175,601 |
182,696 |
Town and township roadsh |
N |
N |
37,583 |
42,752 |
74,630 |
60,561 |
60,926 |
74,402 |
75,195 |
605,255 |
611,473 |
608,859 |
624,163 |
647,448 |
662,366 |
668,337 |
Other local roadsh |
379,410 |
486,567 |
421,179 |
509,161 |
512,336 |
528,352 |
535,264 |
530,529 |
537,941 |
12,245 |
12,171 |
12,709 |
12,695 |
13,331 |
13,614 |
14,111 |
Rural
/ urban mileage by functional system, total5 |
3,545,693 |
3,730,082 |
3,859,837 |
3,866,926 |
3,906,595 |
3,912,226 |
3,919,652 |
3,945,872 |
3,906,290 |
3,917,240 |
3,936,229 |
3,948,335 |
3,966,485 |
3,974,107 |
3,981,512 |
3,995,635 |
Rural
mileage, total |
3,116,125 |
3,169,412 |
3,230,936 |
3,122,282 |
3,092,810 |
3,092,520 |
3,092,887 |
3,109,132 |
3,064,648 |
3,071,181 |
3,083,988 |
3,071,331 |
3,071,761 |
3,033,138 |
3,000,236 |
2,985,796 |
Interstate |
N |
N |
31,905 |
33,547 |
32,457 |
32,580 |
32,820 |
32,817 |
32,813 |
32,974 |
33,048 |
33,061 |
32,992 |
32,048 |
31,443 |
30,905 |
Other
principal arterial |
N |
N |
82,569 |
83,802 |
97,175 |
97,948 |
98,131 |
98,257 |
98,852 |
98,856 |
98,911 |
99,185 |
98,853 |
97,038 |
95,946 |
95,156 |
Minor
arterial |
N |
N |
149,057 |
144,774 |
138,120 |
137,151 |
137,359 |
137,497 |
137,308 |
137,463 |
137,574 |
137,587 |
137,568 |
135,596 |
135,449 |
135,408 |
Major
collector |
N |
N |
439,000 |
436,352 |
431,115 |
431,712 |
432,117 |
432,714 |
432,408 |
432,954 |
433,121 |
433,284 |
430,946 |
424,288 |
420,046 |
419,999 |
Minor
collector |
N |
N |
299,613 |
293,922 |
282,011 |
274,081 |
273,198 |
272,362 |
272,140 |
271,690 |
271,815 |
271,377 |
270,700 |
267,524 |
267,842 |
264,387 |
Local |
N |
N |
2,228,792 |
2,129,885 |
2,111,932 |
2,119,048 |
2,119,262 |
2,135,485 |
2,091,127 |
2,097,244 |
2,109,519 |
2,096,837 |
2,100,702 |
2,076,644 |
2,049,510 |
2,039,941 |
Urban
mileage, total |
429,568 |
560,670 |
628,901 |
744,644 |
813,785 |
819,706 |
826,765 |
836,740 |
841,642 |
846,059 |
852,241 |
877,004 |
894,724 |
940,969 |
981,276 |
1,009,839 |
Interstate |
N |
N |
9,215 |
11,527 |
13,126 |
13,164 |
13,217 |
13,247 |
13,312 |
13,343 |
13,379 |
13,406 |
13,491 |
14,460 |
15,129 |
15,703 |
Other
freeways and expressways |
N |
N |
6,774 |
7,668 |
8,994 |
8,970 |
9,027 |
9,063 |
9,127 |
9,125 |
9,140 |
9,126 |
9,323 |
9,870 |
10,246 |
10,560 |
Other
principal arterial |
N |
N |
44,155 |
51,968 |
53,110 |
52,796 |
52,983 |
53,223 |
53,132 |
53,206 |
53,312 |
53,056 |
53,439 |
56,870 |
59,695 |
61,803 |
Minor
arterial |
N |
N |
66,377 |
74,659 |
87,857 |
88,510 |
89,020 |
89,185 |
89,496 |
89,399 |
89,789 |
89,962 |
90,411 |
93,888 |
97,433 |
101,673 |
Collector |
N |
N |
68,387 |
78,254 |
86,089 |
87,331 |
87,790 |
88,049 |
88,071 |
88,008 |
88,200 |
88,713 |
89,247 |
97,114 |
102,150 |
106,109 |
Local |
N |
N |
433,993 |
520,568 |
564,609 |
568,935 |
574,728 |
583,973 |
588,504 |
592,978 |
598,421 |
622,741 |
638,813 |
668,767 |
696,623 |
713,991 |
U.S.
roads and streets by surface6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Paved
mileage, total |
1,230,469 |
1,658,421 |
2,072,692 |
2,254,822 |
2,342,179 |
2,378,268 |
2,380,650 |
2,409,935 |
2,420,344 |
2,451,426 |
2,504,494 |
2,523,468 |
2,577,693 |
2,612,069 |
2,577,963 |
2,601,490 |
Rural |
919,082 |
1,188,080 |
1,490,050 |
1,550,283 |
1,561,649 |
1,591,334 |
1,582,166 |
1,605,804 |
1,612,251 |
1,641,877 |
1,684,922 |
1,678,782 |
1,714,714 |
1,702,175 |
1,629,423 |
1,625,390 |
Urban |
311,387 |
470,341 |
582,642 |
704,539 |
780,530 |
786,934 |
798,484 |
804,131 |
808,093 |
809,549 |
819,572 |
844,686 |
862,979 |
909,894 |
948,540 |
976,100 |
Percent
paved |
34.7% |
44.5% |
53.7% |
58.3% |
60.0% |
60.8% |
60.5% |
60.9% |
61.3% |
62.4% |
63.4% |
63.7% |
64.8% |
65.5% |
64.5% |
64.9% |
Unpaved
mileage, total |
2,315,224 |
2,071,661 |
1,787,145 |
1,612,104 |
1,564,416 |
1,533,958 |
1,553,537 |
1,548,349 |
1,528,549 |
1,478,977 |
1,445,548 |
1,438,727 |
1,402,995 |
1,376,283 |
1,417,527 |
1,408,757 |
Rural |
2,197,043 |
1,981,332 |
1,740,886 |
1,571,999 |
1,531,161 |
1,501,186 |
1,518,310 |
1,510,330 |
1,490,488 |
1,436,969 |
1,406,508 |
1,400,134 |
1,364,900 |
1,333,969 |
1,373,622 |
1,363,383 |
Urban |
118,181 |
90,329 |
46,259 |
40,105 |
33,255 |
32,772 |
35,227 |
38,019 |
38,061 |
42,008 |
39,040 |
38,593 |
38,095 |
42,314 |
43,905 |
45,374 |
Percent
unpaved |
65.3% |
55.5% |
46.3% |
41.7% |
40.0% |
39.2% |
39.5% |
39.1% |
38.7% |
37.6% |
36.6% |
36.3% |
35.2% |
34.5% |
35.5% |
35.1% |
Number
of employees |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
State and local govt. streets and highways7 |
532,000 |
607,000 |
559,000 |
569,000 |
544,233 |
543,143 |
U |
548,486 |
530,097 |
542,612 |
546,215 |
551,706 |
545,249 |
245,617 |
542,642 |
546,220 |
Highway, street and bridge constructioni,8 |
U |
U |
U |
U |
274,000 |
278,100 |
287,500 |
294,200 |
308,000 |
336,300 |
340,100 |
345,800 |
345,900 |
340,100 |
(R) 347,000 |
351,900 |
PERFORMANCE
Vehicle-miles of travel by
functional system (millions), total j, 9 |
718,762 |
1,109,724 |
1,527,295 |
2,144,362 |
2,357,588 |
2,422,696 |
2,484,080 |
2,552,233 |
2,628,148 |
2,690,241 |
2,746,925 |
2,781,462 |
2,855,756 |
2,890,893 |
2,962,513 |
2,989,807 |
Rural
mileage, total |
400,463 |
539,472 |
672,030 |
868,878 |
908,341 |
933,289 |
960,194 |
999,277 |
1,032,528 |
1,062,623 |
1,083,152 |
1,105,083 |
1,128,160 |
1,085,385 |
1,070,248 |
1,037,937 |
Interstate |
10,514 |
79,516 |
135,084 |
200,173 |
215,568 |
223,382 |
232,565 |
240,255 |
251,520 |
260,166 |
268,180 |
274,024 |
279,962 |
269,945 |
266,996 |
258,790 |
Other
principal arterial |
N |
N |
132,958 |
175,133 |
207,569 |
215,567 |
221,403 |
228,716 |
237,704 |
244,045 |
248,725 |
253,056 |
257,587 |
245,345 |
241,046 |
233,999 |
Minor
arterial |
N |
N |
129,816 |
155,733 |
149,760 |
153,028 |
157,444 |
163,341 |
165,780 |
169,275 |
171,874 |
173,889 |
176,218 |
171,251 |
168,898 |
164,933 |
Major
collector |
N |
N |
150,186 |
190,512 |
182,000 |
186,212 |
190,923 |
201,790 |
203,580 |
206,831 |
209,659 |
211,312 |
213,503 |
203,368 |
200,792 |
193,288 |
Minor
collector |
N |
N |
39,282 |
49,948 |
48,529 |
49,936 |
50,107 |
52,310 |
54,288 |
57,622 |
57,572 |
59,650 |
61,504 |
60,294 |
60,139 |
58,299 |
Local |
N |
N |
84,704 |
97,379 |
104,915 |
105,164 |
107,752 |
112,865 |
119,656 |
124,684 |
127,142 |
133,152 |
139,386 |
135,182 |
132,377 |
128,628 |
Urban
mileage, total |
318,299 |
570,252 |
855,265 |
1,275,484 |
1,449,247 |
1,489,407 |
1,523,886 |
1,552,956 |
1,595,620 |
1,627,618 |
1,663,773 |
1,676,379 |
1,727,596 |
1,805,508 |
1,892,265 |
1,951,870 |
Interstate |
13,365 |
81,532 |
161,242 |
278,901 |
330,577 |
341,515 |
351,579 |
361,433 |
374,622 |
383,259 |
393,465 |
399,890 |
408,618 |
432,633 |
454,385 |
469,070 |
Other
freeways and expressways |
N |
N |
79,690 |
127,465 |
147,534 |
151,509 |
157,502 |
159,572 |
165,632 |
171,515 |
177,222 |
182,758 |
189,634 |
199,520 |
207,629 |
213,727 |
Other
principal arterial |
N |
N |
229,469 |
335,543 |
364,200 |
370,365 |
377,776 |
385,123 |
388,071 |
392,688 |
398,772 |
401,037 |
408,336 |
425,622 |
450,142 |
463,100 |
Minor
arterial |
N |
N |
175,030 |
236,225 |
286,165 |
293,228 |
299,345 |
301,932 |
309,293 |
313,950 |
324,398 |
329,931 |
339,387 |
348,794 |
362,018 |
371,392 |
Collector |
N |
N |
83,043 |
106,297 |
120,088 |
126,883 |
129,310 |
130,146 |
131,905 |
131,603 |
135,372 |
137,922 |
141,874 |
153,751 |
162,108 |
168,038 |
Local |
N |
N |
126,791 |
191,053 |
200,683 |
205,907 |
208,374 |
214,750 |
226,097 |
234,603 |
234,544 |
224,841 |
239,747 |
245,188 |
255,683 |
266,543 |
Highway demand for petroleum, total (thousand barrels) |
1,488,095 |
2,361,310 |
2,882,143 |
3,289,554 |
3,530,071 |
3,602,159 |
3,669,491 |
3,765,003 |
3,889,758 |
4,042,708 |
4,062,573 |
4,081,742 |
4,203,095 |
4,233,039 |
(R) 4,328,176 |
4,336,426 |
Motor
fuel10 |
1,378,095 |
2,198,310 |
2,737,143 |
3,113,214 |
3,353,320 |
3,424,616 |
3,492,285 |
3,580,620 |
3,699,500 |
3,843,128 |
3,870,337 |
3,892,341 |
4,016,243 |
4,049,263 |
(R) 4,131,695 |
4,149,690 |
Asphalt
and road oil11 |
110,000 |
163,000 |
145,000 |
176,340 |
176,751 |
177,543 |
177,206 |
184,383 |
190,258 |
199,580 |
192,236 |
189,401 |
186,852 |
183,776 |
196,481 |
186,736 |
SAFETY12
Fatalities |
36,399 |
52,627 |
51,091 |
44,599 |
40,716 |
41,817 |
42,065 |
42,013 |
41,501 |
41,717 |
41,945 |
42,196 |
43,005 |
42,884 |
(R)
42,836 |
43,443 |
Injured
persons |
N |
N |
N |
3,231,000 |
3,266,000 |
3,465,000 |
3,483,000 |
3,348,000 |
3,192,000 |
3,236,000 |
3,189,000 |
3,033,000 |
2,926,000 |
2,889,000 |
2,788,000 |
2,699,000 |
Crashes |
N |
N |
N |
6,471,000 |
6,496,000 |
6,699,000 |
6,770,000 |
6,624,000 |
6,335,000 |
6,279,000 |
6,394,000 |
6,323,000 |
6,316,000 |
6,328,000 |
6,181,000 |
6,159,000 |
KEY: N = data do not exist; R = revised; U = data
are not available.
a The
Federal Highway Trust Fund was created with the enactment of the Highway
Revenue Act of 1956. The total receipts shown for 1995 are overstated by
approximately $1.59 billion due to a fiscal year (FY) 1994 error by the
Treasury Department in reconciling estimated deposits to the actual tax
revenue. The correction was made after the close of FY1994 and is shown in
FY1995 receipts.
b Figures
obtained by addition/subtraction and may not appear directly in data source.
c Gross
amounts collected by state governments from highway users. Does not include
tolls. Not all revenues allocated to highway expenditures.
d
Includes distributors and dealers licenses, inspection fees, fines and
penalties, and miscellaneous receipts.
e
Includes drivers licenses, title fees, special title taxes, fines and
penalties; estimated service charges and local collections.
f
Includes carrier gross receipt taxes; mileage, ton-mile and passenger-mile
taxes; special license fees and franchise taxes; and certificate or permit
fees.
g Mileage
in federal parks, forests, and reservations that are not a part of the state
and local highway system.
h Prior
to 1999, mileage for municipal roads is included with the "other local
roads" jurisdiction. Mileage for municipal roads is included in
"Town, Township and Municipal Road" jurisdiction after 1999.
i Data
for years 1994 and later are based on the North American Industry
Classification System (NAICS). Prior
to 1994, data are based on the Standard Industrial Classification System
(SIC).
j
Highway category classifications changed several times before 1980. Actual
1960 data categories were: Main Rural Roads, Local Rural Roads and Urban
Streets; 1970 data categories were: Rural Interstate, Rural Other Arterial,
Other Rural, Urban Interstate and Other Urban.
NOTES
Motor vehicle injury and crash data in this
profile come from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration's
General Estimates System (GES). The data from GES, which began operation in
1988, are obtained from a nationally representative probability sample
selected from all police-reported crashes, and the GES sample includes only
crashes where a police accident report was completed and the crash resulted
in property damage, injury, or death. The resulting figures do not take into
account crashes which were not reported to the police or which did not result
in at least property damage.
Earlier editions of NTS, particularly the
1993 Historical Compendium, used crash and injury figures estimated by the
National Safety Council, which employed a different set of methods to arrive
at its figures. Thus, the injury and crash figures in this edition of NTS may
not be comparable with those found in earlier editions.
In 1998, FHWA instituted a new method of
creating mileage based tables derived from the Highway Performance Monitoring
System (HPMS). See Chapter 1 accuracy
profiles for more information about the HPMS.
SOURCES
Unless otherwise noted, please refer to
chapter tables for sources.
1
1960-94: U.S.
Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Highway Statistics, Summary to 1995, FHWA-PL-97-009 (Washington, DC: July 1997), table
HF-210. 1995-2005:
Ibid., Highway Statistics (Washington, DC: Annual issues), tables HF-10A and HF-10.
2
1960-95: Ibid., Highway Statistics, Summary to 1995,
FHWA-PL-97-009 (Washington, DC: July 1997), table MF-201. 1996-2005:
Ibid., Highway
Statistics (Washington, DC: Annual
isssues), table MF-1.
3
1960-95: Ibid., Highway Statistics, Summary to 1995, FHWA-PL-97-009 (Washington, DC: July 1997), table MV-202. 1996-2005:
Ibid., Highway
Statistics (Washington, DC: Annual issues),
table MV-2.
4
1960-70: Highway Statistics, Summary to
1985 (Washington, DC: July 1997), table
M-203. 1980-95:
Ibid., Highway Statistics, Summary to 1995, FHWA-PL-97-009 (Washington, DC: July 1997), table HM-210. 1996-2005:
Ibid., Highway Statistics (Washington, DC: Annual issues), table HM-10.
5
1960-95: Ibid., Highway Statistics, Summary to 1995, FHWA-PL-97-009 (Washington, DC: July 1997), tables HM-212
and HM-220. 1996-2005:
Ibid., Highway Statistics (Washington, DC: Annual issues), table HM-20.
6 1960-95: Ibid., Highway
Statistics, Summary
to 1995, FHWA-PL-97-009 (Washington, DC:
July 1997), table HM-212. 1996-2005:
Ibid., Highway Statistics (Washington, DC: Annual issues), table HM-12.
7 1960-90: U.S. Department of Commerce, U.S
Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the
United States, (Washington, DC: Annual
issues), State and Local Government Section. 1994-2005: U.S. Department of Commerce,
U.S. Census Bureau, State and Local Government
Employment and Payroll Data, (Washington,
DC: Annual issues), Internet site http://www.census.gov/govs/www/apesstl.html as of Jan. 23, 2007.
8 U.S.
Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Internet site
http://www.bls.gov/data/sa.htm as of Jan. 23, 2007.
9
1960-70: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Highway Statistics, Summary to 1985, FHWA-PL-97-009 (Washington, DC: April 1987), table VM-201. 1980-2005:
Ibid., Highway Statistics (Washington, DC: Annual issues), tables VM-2 and VM-2A.
10
1960-90: Ibid., Highway Statistics, Summary to 1995, FHWA-PL-97-009 (Washington, DC: July 1997), table VM-201A
(total fuel consumed in thousands of gallons divided by 42). 1994-2005: Ibid., Highway
Statistics (Washington, DC: Annual issues),
table VM-1 (total fuel consumed in thousands of gallons divided by 42).
11
1960-80: U.S. Department of Energy,
Energy Information Administration, State
Energy Data Report (Washington, DC: July
1982), p. 13. 1990-2005: U.S. Department of Energy,
Energy Information Administration, Petroleum
Supply Annual: Volume 1 (Washington, DC:
Annual issues), table 1.
12 1960-80: U.S. Department of Transportation, National
Highway Traffic Safety Administration, National Center for Statistics and
Analysis, NRD-30, personal communication. 1990-2005: Ibid., Traffic
Safety Facts (Washington, DC: Annual
issues), tables 1 and 4.
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