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The "Safe Zone": Halloween 2003 Solar Storms Revisited


Image for Halloween 2003 Solar Storms Revisited

The fall of 2003 saw the largest solar flare events ever recorded from spacecraft (see also Halloween 2003 Solar Storms). Impact of this storm on the Earth and its environment will be studied for years to come.

Another consequence of the storm was the Earth's radiation belts changed dramatically. The region close to the Earth, normally free of high-energy particles, has been named the "Safe Zone" since satellites and astronauts are usually safe from hazardous radiation. However, the Halloween storms changed the configuration of the radiation belts so dramatically that this "Safe Zone" disappeared. This is a particularly serious issue for astronauts and even satellites in Earth orbit.

Movie   ID   Title
  10068   Cutaway View of the Earth's Radiation Belts
As the belts return to their quiescent state, radiation levels at the satellite decrease.   3052   Earth's Radiation Belts with Safe Zone Orbit
A portion of the plasmasphere convects out to the magnetopause where it terminates.   3051   Plasmapause Convects to the Magnetopause During Halloween Solar Storm
A view of the plasmasphere above the north geographic pole.   3050   Tour of the Plasmasphere and Plasmapause
As particle-induced electric fields increase, the low-energy electrons of the plasmasphere are convected towards the magnetopause, depleting the region near the Earth and enabling the hotter particles from the radiation belts to move closer to the Earth.   3049   Radiation Belts and Plasmapause Fluctuate Under Solar Storm
During the pre-storm time, the inner region of the belts has a relatively low particle flux and for this scaling of the data, a distinct inner belt is not visible as a separate structure.   3048   Earth's Radiation Belts Tremble Under Impact of Solar Storm


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