Mark Twain National Wildlife Refuge
Midwest Region

Great River/Clarence Cannon NWR

Middle Mississippi River NWR

Port Louisa NWR

Two Rivers NWR

Reptiles and Amphibians

Snakes, lizards, turtles, frogs, toads, and salamanders occupy a wide variety of habitats on the Upper Mississippi River. More than 60 species are likely to be found on Complex lands.

Photo of a northern water snake - Photo credit: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service / Land Mueller
Northern water snake at Clarence Cannon NWR

Legend

The following list contains 60+ species that have been observed on the refuge.

E = Endangered
T = Threatened
(F) = Federally Threatened or Endangered
(IA) = Iowa Threatened or Endangered
(IL) = Illinois Threatened or Endangered
(MO) = Missouri Threatened or Endangered

Lizards

  • Lizard, Fence

  • Lizard, Slender Glass E (IA)

  • Racerunner, Six-lined

  • Skink, Broadhead

  • Skink, Coal

  • Skink, Five-lined

  • Skink, Ground

  • Skink, Prairie

Snakes

  • Bullsnake

  • Coachwhip, Eastern E (IL)

  • Copperhead E (IA)

  • Cottonmouth

  • Kingsnake, Prairie

  • Kingsnake, Speckled E (IA)

  • Massasauga E (IA, IL, MO)

  • Racer, Blue

  • Rattlesnake, Timber T (IL)

  • Snake, Black rat

  • Snake, Broad-banded Water E (IL)

  • Snake, Brown

  • Snake, Diamondback Water T (IA)

  • Snake, Eastern Garter

  • Snake, Eastern Hognose

  • Snake, Eastern Ribbon E (IL)

  • Snake, Flathead T (IL)

  • Snake, Fox E (MO)

  • Snake, Graham's Crayfish

  • Snake, Great Plains Rat T (IL)

  • Snake, Green Water T (IL) E (MO)

  • Snake, Kirtland's T (IL)

  • Snake, Lined

  • Snake, Milk

  • Snake, Mud

  • Snake, Northern Red-bellied

  • Snake, Northern Water

  • Snake, Plains Garter

  • Snake, Plains Hognose

  • Snake, Ringneck

  • Snake, Rough Green

  • Snake, Smooth Earth

  • Snake, Western Ribbon

  • Snake, Western Smooth Green T (IA)

  • Snake, Western Worm T (IA)

  • Snake, Yellowbelly Water T (IA)

Turtles

  • Cooter, River E (IL)

  • Stinkpot T (IA)

  • Turtle, Alligator Snapping E (IL)

  • Turtle, Blanding's T (IL) E (MO)

  • Turtle, Chicken E (MO)

  • Turtle, Eastern Box

  • Turtle, False Map

  • Turtle, Map

  • Turtle, Mississippi Mud

  • Turtle, Ornate Box T (IA)

  • Turtle, Painted

  • Turtle, Smooth Softshell

  • Turtle, Snapping

  • Turtle, Spiny Softshell

  • Turtle, Wood E (IA)

  • Turtle, Yellow (Illinois) Mud E (IA, IL, MO)

  • Slider, Red-eared

Amphibians

Legend

The following list contains 39 species that have been observed on the refuge.

E = Endangered
T = Threatened
(F) = Federally Threatened or Endangered
(IA) = Iowa Threatened or Endangered
(IL) = Illinois Threatened or Endangered
(MO) = Missouri Threatened or Endangered

Amphium

  • Amphiuma, Three-toed

Frogs and Toads

  • Bullfrog

  • Frog, Green

  • Frog, Illinois Chorus T (IL)

  • Frog, Northern Blanchard's Cricket

  • Frog, Northern Crawfish E (IA)

  • Frog, Northern Leopard

  • Frog, Pickerel

  • Frog, Plains Leopard

  • Frog, Southern Leopard

  • Frog, Western Chorus

  • Frog, Wood

  • Peeper, Spring

  • Spadefoot, Eastern

  • Spadefoot, Plains

  • Toad, American

  • Toad, Eastern Narrowmouth

  • Toad, Fowler's

  • Treefrog, Bird-voiced T (IL)

  • Treefrog, Cope's Gray

  • Treefrog, Gray

  • Treefrog, Green

Salamanders

  • Hellbender, Eastern E (IL)

  • Mudpuppy E (IA)

  • Newt, Central T (IA)

  • Salamander, Blue-spotted E (IA)

  • Salamander, Cave

  • Salamander, Eastern Tiger

  • Salamander, Four-toed T (IL)

  • Salamander, Jefferson T (IL)

  • Salamander, Longtail

  • Salamander, Marbled

  • Salamander, Mole

  • Salamander, Ringed

  • Salamander, Slimy

  • Salamander, Smallmouth

  • Salamander, Spotted

Sirens

  • Siren, Lesser



Last updated: March 27, 2009