Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk project (HEAR)

Metrosideros polymorpha
(Myrtaceae)

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Species description or overview Taxonomy & nomenclature Pests of this species Cultivation & propagation Images Distribution
Case studies Books In the news Full-text articles Bibliography Other resources

Taxonomy & nomenclature

GRIN nomenclature info for Metrosideros polymorpha
Nomenclatural information about Metrosideros polymorpha is provided by USDA/ARS/NGRP/GRIN.

ITIS nomenclature info for Metrosideros polymorpha
Nomenclatural information about Metrosideros polymorpha is provided by ITIS.

IPNI nomenclature info for Metrosideros polymorpha
Nomenclatural information about Metrosideros polymorpha is provided by The International Plant Names Index (IPNI).

Pests of this species

NARS Commission renews call for immediate ban of Myrtaceae
The Hawaii State Natural Area Reserve System (NARS) Commission renews its call for the immediate ban importation into the state of species in the family Myrtaceae as an attempt to prevent the introduction of additional strains of the pathogenic rust Puccinia psidii. It is feared that strains of this rust could exist which would have disastrous consequences for ohia (Metrosideros polymorpha), a native ecosystem-dominant tree in Hawaii.

Disease index for the rust Puccinia psidii on ohia (Metrosideros polymorpha) in Hawaii View info about Adobe Acrobat PDF format
Illustrations help define the categories for this disease index for ohia rust and a field survey form is available for reporting Puccinia psidii rust disease (University of Hawaii).

Ohia rust pest advisory View info about Adobe Acrobat PDF format
Oha rust images, hosts, and description are in this pest advisory from the Hawaii DOA.

Oviposition of the invasive two-spotted leafhopper on an endemic tree: Effects of an alien weed, foliar pubescence, and habitat humidity View info about Adobe Acrobat PDF format
Information about the two-spotted leafhopper (Sophonia rufofascia) on a native Hawaiian forest tree in the article "Oviposition of the invasive two-spotted leafhopper on an endemic tree: Effects of an alien weed, foliar pubescence, and habitat humidity."

Disease index for the rust Puccinia psidii on rose apple in Hawaii View info about Adobe Acrobat PDF format
Illustrations help define the categories for this disease index and a field survey form is available for reporting Puccinia psidii rust disease (University of Hawaii).

Ohia rust pest alert (HDOA) View info about Adobe Acrobat PDF format
The Hawaii Department of Agriculture (HDOA) issued a "new pest alert" RE: 'ohia rust, which affects the native tree Metrosideros polymorpha. The Department of Agriculture (State of Hawaii [USA]) has produced an updated edition of the New Pest Advisory "A Rust Disease on Ohia." The rust is Puccinia psidii. Unusually, the rust has a wide host range, and includes eucalyptus, paperbark tree, guava, rose apple, allspice, jaboticaba, Surinam cherry, species of Eugenia, and others in the family Myrtaceae. In other parts of the world the rust is referred to as eucalyptus rust or guava rust.

Cultivation & propagation

Metrosideros polymorpha ('ohi'a lehua) propagation and cultivation (UH/CTAHR)
Propagation and cultivation information about Metrosideros polymorpha ('ohi'a) is provided by the University of Hawaii's College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources (UH/CTAHR).

Best native plants for landscapes View info about Adobe Acrobat PDF format
Endemic and indigenous Hawaiian plants used in landscapes are pictured in this publication from the University of Hawaii.

Images

Metrosideros polymorpha images by PT
Metrosideros polymorpha images are presented online by Maui photographer Philip Thomas and are freely available for noncommercial use.

Images of Metrosideros polymorpha (Myrtaceae) (ohia, lehua, ohia lehua)
Links to high-resolution free images of Metrosideros polymorpha (Myrtaceae) (ohia, lehua, ohia lehua) by Forest & Kim Starr (USGS) are available here.

Smithsonian Flora of the Hawaiian Islands info for Metrosideros polymorpha
Smithsonian Flora of the Hawaiian Islands (Wagner, W. L., D. R. Herbst, and D. H. Lorence. 2005-. Flora of the Hawaiian Islands website. http://ravenel.si.edu/botany/pacificislandbiodiversity/hawaiianflora/index.htm [accessed Apr 2006])

Disease index for the rust Puccinia psidii on ohia (Metrosideros polymorpha) in Hawaii View info about Adobe Acrobat PDF format
Illustrations help define the categories for this disease index for ohia rust and a field survey form is available for reporting Puccinia psidii rust disease (University of Hawaii).

Distribution

Smithsonian Flora of the Hawaiian Islands info for Metrosideros polymorpha
Smithsonian Flora of the Hawaiian Islands (Wagner, W. L., D. R. Herbst, and D. H. Lorence. 2005-. Flora of the Hawaiian Islands website. http://ravenel.si.edu/botany/pacificislandbiodiversity/hawaiianflora/index.htm [accessed Apr 2006])

Case studies

The Maui forest trouble: a literature review and proposal for research View info about Adobe Acrobat PDF format
This review of the catastrophic dieback of native ohia in east Maui forests examines possible causes and proposes research to address this problem (Alan Holt, 1983).

Books

Hawaii's butterflies & moths: an identification guide to easily observed species  new posting 
Jamieson, Dean and Jim Denny. 2001. Hawaii's butterflies & moths: an identification guide to easily observed species. A Hawaii Biological Survey Handbook. Mutual Publishing. ISBN: (unknown or N/A). ISSN: (unknown or N/A).

In the news

Self-feeding as a bad thing (Raising Islands Blog, 22 August 2007)
Invasive species like firetree (Myrica faya) and albizia Falcataria moluccana, which fix their own nitrogen, alter the characteristics of whole ecosystems. Bloggist Jan TenBruggencate reviews research on how "self-feeders" can facilitate the invasion of other alien species.

Finding hidden invaders in a Hawaiian rain forest
"By applying novel measurement techniques from a high-altitude aircraft, scientists detected two species of invading plants that are changing the ecology of rain forest near the Kilauea Volcano in the Hawaii Volcanoes National Park."

Full-text articles

The Maui forest trouble: a literature review and proposal for research View info about Adobe Acrobat PDF format
This review of the catastrophic dieback of native ohia in east Maui forests examines possible causes and proposes research to address this problem (Alan Holt, 1983).

The occurrence of Pythium vexans in Hawaii and its relation to ohia decline  new posting 
Kliejunas, J.T. and W.H. Ko. 1975. The occurrence of Pythium vexans in Hawaii and its relation to ohia decline. Plant Disease Reporter 59:392-95. ISBN: (unknown or N/A). ISSN: (unknown or N/A).

Association of Phytophthora cinnamomi with ohia decline on the Island of Hawaii  new posting 
Kliejunas, J.T. and W.H. Ko. 1976. Association of Phytophthora cinnamomi with ohia decline on the Island of Hawaii. Phytopathology 66:116-21. ISBN: (unknown or N/A). ISSN: (unknown or N/A).

The occurrence of Phytophthora cinnamomi in Hawaii in relation to ohia forest site and edaphic factors  new posting 
Kliejunas, J.T., R.F. Scharpf, and R.S. Smith. 1977. The occurrence of Phytophthora cinnamomi in Hawaii in relation to ohia forest site and edaphic factors. Plant Disease Reporter 61:290-293. ISBN: (unknown or N/A). ISSN: (unknown or N/A).

Landscape ecology of Metrosideros dieback  new posting 
Akashi, Yoshiko. ?. Landscape ecology of Metrosideros dieback. University of Hawaii. ISBN: (unknown or N/A). ISSN: (unknown or N/A).

Alien plant invasions in native ecosystems of Hawaii: Management and research  new posting 
Stone, Charles P., Clifford W. Smith, and J. Timothy Tunison (eds.) 1992. Alien plant invasions in native ecosystems of Hawaii: Management and research. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Cooperative National Park Resources Studies Unit. ISBN: 0-8248-1474-6. ISSN: (unknown or N/A).

Disease index for the rust Puccinia psidii on ohia (Metrosideros polymorpha) in Hawaii  new posting 
Uchida, Janice Y., Robert C. Anderson, Chris Y. Kadooka, Anne Marie LaRosa, and Cheresa Coles. 2008. Disease index for the rust Puccinia psidii on ohia (Metrosideros polymorpha) in Hawaii. CTAHR Plant Disease publication PD-38, Feb. 2008. College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources (CTAHR). Honolulu. 16 pp. illus. ISBN: (unknown or N/A). ISSN: (unknown or N/A).

Disease index for the rust Puccinia psidii on rose apple in Hawaii  new posting 
Anderson, Robert C. and Janet Y. Uchida. 2008. Disease index for the rust Puccinia psidii on rose apple in Hawaii. CTAHR Plant Disease publication PD-38, Feb. 2008. College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources (CTAHR). Honolulu. 12 pp. illus. ISBN: (unknown or N/A). ISSN: (unknown or N/A).

Decline of ohia lehua forests in Hawaii  new posting 
Burgan, R.W. and R.F. Nelson. 1972. Decline of ohia lehua forests in Hawaii. General technical report PSW-3. U.S. Forest Service, U.S. Dept of Agriculture, Berkeley, CA. ISBN: (unknown or N/A). ISSN: (unknown or N/A).

Plant invasion into an 'ohi'a-tree fern rain forest following experimental canopy opening  new posting 
Burton, Philip Joseph. 1980. Plant invasion into an 'ohi'a-tree fern rain forest following experimental canopy opening. Proceedings, Third Conference in Natural Sciences, Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, 21-39. Honolulu: Cooperative National Park Resources Studies Unit, University of Hawaii at Manoa. ISBN: (unknown or N/A). ISSN: (unknown or N/A).

Genecology of Hawaiian Metrosideros (Metrosideros polymorpha)  new posting 
Aradhya, K.M. 1992. Genecology of Hawaiian Metrosideros (Metrosideros polymorpha). University of Hawaii. ISBN: (unknown or N/A). ISSN: (unknown or N/A).

Genetic evidence for recent and incipient speciation in the evolution of Hawaiian Metrosideros (Myrtaceae)  new posting 
Aradhya, K.M., Dieter Mueller-Dombois, and T.A. Ranker. 1991. Genetic evidence for recent and incipient speciation in the evolution of Hawaiian Metrosideros (Myrtaceae). Heredity 67, no. 2:129-38. ISBN: (unknown or N/A). ISSN: (unknown or N/A).

Genetic structure and differentiation in Metrosideros polymorpha (Myrtaceae) along altitudinal gradients in Maui, Hawaii  new posting 
Aradhya, K.M., Dieter Mueller-Dombois, and T.A. Ranker. 1993. Genetic structure and differentiation in Metrosideros polymorpha (Myrtaceae) along altitudinal gradients in Maui, Hawaii. Genetical Research 61, no. 3:159-70. ISBN: (unknown or N/A). ISSN: (unknown or N/A).

Seed dispersal methods in Hawaiian Metrosideros  new posting 
Corn, Carolyn A. 1972. Seed dispersal methods in Hawaiian Metrosideros. In Challenging biological problems: Directions toward their solution, edited by J. A. Behnke, 422-35. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN: (unknown or N/A). ISSN: (unknown or N/A).

Seed dispersal of Metrosideros polymorpha (Myrtaceae): A pioneer tree of Hawaiian lava flows  new posting 
Drake, D.R. 1992. Seed dispersal of Metrosideros polymorpha (Myrtaceae): A pioneer tree of Hawaiian lava flows. American Journal of Botany 79, no. 11:1224-28. ISBN: (unknown or N/A). ISSN: (unknown or N/A).

A possible new pathogen affecting Metrosideros in Hawaii  new posting 
Fosberg, F. Raymond. 1983. A possible new pathogen affecting Metrosideros in Hawaii. Newsletter of the Hawaiian Botanical Society 22:13-16. ISBN: (unknown or N/A). ISSN: (unknown or N/A).

'Ohi'a decline: The role of Phytophthora cinnamomi  new posting 
Hwang, S.H. 1977. 'Ohi'a decline: The role of Phytophthora cinnamomi. Technical report 12. Honolulu: Cooperative National Park Resources Studies Unit, University of Hawai'i at Manoa. ISBN: (unknown or N/A). ISSN: (unknown or N/A).

Bibliography

References for Metrosideros polymorpha
Bibliographic references for Metrosideros polymorpha are provided by HEAR.

Other resources

The occurrence of Pythium vexans in Hawaii and its relation to ohia decline
Kliejunas, J.T. and W.H. Ko. 1975. The occurrence of Pythium vexans in Hawaii and its relation to ohia decline. Plant Disease Reporter 59:392-95. ISBN: (unknown or N/A). ISSN: (unknown or N/A).

Association of Phytophthora cinnamomi with ohia decline on the Island of Hawaii
Kliejunas, J.T. and W.H. Ko. 1976. Association of Phytophthora cinnamomi with ohia decline on the Island of Hawaii. Phytopathology 66:116-21. ISBN: (unknown or N/A). ISSN: (unknown or N/A).

The occurrence of Phytophthora cinnamomi in Hawaii in relation to ohia forest site and edaphic factors
Kliejunas, J.T., R.F. Scharpf, and R.S. Smith. 1977. The occurrence of Phytophthora cinnamomi in Hawaii in relation to ohia forest site and edaphic factors. Plant Disease Reporter 61:290-293. ISBN: (unknown or N/A). ISSN: (unknown or N/A).

Landscape ecology of Metrosideros dieback
Akashi, Yoshiko. ?. Landscape ecology of Metrosideros dieback. University of Hawaii. ISBN: (unknown or N/A). ISSN: (unknown or N/A).

Decline of ohia lehua forests in Hawaii
Burgan, R.W. and R.F. Nelson. 1972. Decline of ohia lehua forests in Hawaii. General technical report PSW-3. U.S. Forest Service, U.S. Dept of Agriculture, Berkeley, CA. ISBN: (unknown or N/A). ISSN: (unknown or N/A).

Light regimes and Metrosideros regeneration in a Hawaiian montane rain forest
Burton, Philip Joseph. 1980. Light regimes and Metrosideros regeneration in a Hawaiian montane rain forest. University of Hawaii at Manoa. ISBN: (unknown or N/A). ISSN: (unknown or N/A).

Plant invasion into an 'ohi'a-tree fern rain forest following experimental canopy opening
Burton, Philip Joseph. 1980. Plant invasion into an 'ohi'a-tree fern rain forest following experimental canopy opening. Proceedings, Third Conference in Natural Sciences, Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, 21-39. Honolulu: Cooperative National Park Resources Studies Unit, University of Hawaii at Manoa. ISBN: (unknown or N/A). ISSN: (unknown or N/A).

Genecology of Hawaiian Metrosideros (Metrosideros polymorpha)
Aradhya, K.M. 1992. Genecology of Hawaiian Metrosideros (Metrosideros polymorpha). University of Hawaii. ISBN: (unknown or N/A). ISSN: (unknown or N/A).

Genetic evidence for recent and incipient speciation in the evolution of Hawaiian Metrosideros (Myrtaceae)
Aradhya, K.M., Dieter Mueller-Dombois, and T.A. Ranker. 1991. Genetic evidence for recent and incipient speciation in the evolution of Hawaiian Metrosideros (Myrtaceae). Heredity 67, no. 2:129-38. ISBN: (unknown or N/A). ISSN: (unknown or N/A).

Genetic structure and differentiation in Metrosideros polymorpha (Myrtaceae) along altitudinal gradients in Maui, Hawaii
Aradhya, K.M., Dieter Mueller-Dombois, and T.A. Ranker. 1993. Genetic structure and differentiation in Metrosideros polymorpha (Myrtaceae) along altitudinal gradients in Maui, Hawaii. Genetical Research 61, no. 3:159-70. ISBN: (unknown or N/A). ISSN: (unknown or N/A).

Seed dispersal methods in Hawaiian Metrosideros
Corn, Carolyn A. 1972. Seed dispersal methods in Hawaiian Metrosideros. In Challenging biological problems: Directions toward their solution, edited by J. A. Behnke, 422-35. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN: (unknown or N/A). ISSN: (unknown or N/A).

Seed dispersal of Metrosideros polymorpha (Myrtaceae): A pioneer tree of Hawaiian lava flows
Drake, D.R. 1992. Seed dispersal of Metrosideros polymorpha (Myrtaceae): A pioneer tree of Hawaiian lava flows. American Journal of Botany 79, no. 11:1224-28. ISBN: (unknown or N/A). ISSN: (unknown or N/A).

A possible new pathogen affecting Metrosideros in Hawaii
Fosberg, F. Raymond. 1983. A possible new pathogen affecting Metrosideros in Hawaii. Newsletter of the Hawaiian Botanical Society 22:13-16. ISBN: (unknown or N/A). ISSN: (unknown or N/A).

'Ohi'a decline: The role of Phytophthora cinnamomi
Hwang, S.H. 1977. 'Ohi'a decline: The role of Phytophthora cinnamomi. Technical report 12. Honolulu: Cooperative National Park Resources Studies Unit, University of Hawai'i at Manoa. ISBN: (unknown or N/A). ISSN: (unknown or N/A).

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