Rec # |
Study |
Metabolic
Control |
Intervention |
Intervention Category |
Size |
Intensity |
Control |
N (total)
Subjects |
Treatment
Length
(weeks) |
Number of
Sessions | Sessions/ Week |
5220 |
Agurs-Collins, 1997 |
HbA1c |
Group and individual diet and exercise
counseling |
D/E |
Large | High | Usual Care |
64 | 24 | 18 | 0.750 |
460 |
Aikens, 1997 |
GHb |
Theory, guidelines and in-session therapist-guided
instruction on relaxation |
Relaxation |
Small | Low | Usual Care |
22 | 8 | 6 | 0.750 |
2920 |
Anderson, 1995 | GHb |
Patient empowerment: goal-setting,
problem-solving, coping strategies | CBT | Large | Low | Wait list |
64 | 6 | 6 | 1.000 |
840 |
Boehm, 1993 | GHb | Compliance—behaviors related to regimen | CBT | Large | NR | Usual care | 73 | NS | NS | NS |
840 |
Boehm, 1993 (2) | GHb |
Behavioral strategies—analysis sessions
with nurse, focused on one strategy | CBT | Large | NR | Usual care | 83 | NS | NS | NS |
840 |
Boehm, 1993 (3) | GHb |
Behavioral strategies with instruction—patient received instruction on strategies | CBT | Large | NR | Usual care | 82 | NS | NS | NS |
3830 | Brown, 2002 | HbA1c |
Bilingual health behavior—focused on
realistic health recommendations | CBT | Large | High | Usual care/ Wait list | 252 | 28 | 26 | 0.929 |
1440 | Cabrera-Pivaral, 2000 |
Glucose
means |
Behavior modification—changing thoughts,
behaviors and feelings through participation
techniques | CBT | Small | High | Standard education | 49 | 36 | 36 | 1.000 |
3400 |
Campbell, 1990 | FBG |
Intensive group education including
visualization | CBT | Large | Low |
Conventional
education program | 62 | 11 | NS | NS |
620 |
Campbell, 1996 | HbA1c |
Individual sessions plus 3 day small group
course focused on diet, exercise, diabetes
education | CBT | Large | NR | Minimal intervention | 116 | NS | NS | NS |
620 |
Campbell, 1996 (2) | HbA1c |
Group sessions with information on diet,
exercise, diabetes education | CBT | Large | NR | Minimal intervention | 125 | NS | NS | NS |
620 |
Campbell, 1996 (3) | HbA1c |
CBT strategies taught by nurse, focused on
eating, exercise and smoking—individual | CBT | Large | NR | Minimal intervention | 115 | NS | NS | NS |
6360 | Cox, 1991 | HbA1c |
BGAT (standard)—classes with readings
and homework and daily recordings of BG
cues | BGAT | Small | Low |
Control—attended
meetings and kept
diaries | 27 | 7 | 7 | 1.000 |
6360 | Cox, 1991 (2) | HbA1c |
BGAT (intensive)—immediate feedback
during hospitalization | BGAT | Small | Low |
Control—attended
meetings and kept
diaries | 16 | 7 | 7 | 1.000 |
6250 | D'Eramo-Melkus, 1991 | HbA1c |
Group behavioral intervention—lecture
sessions on general skills and nutrition,
goal-setting | CBT | Large | Low |
Minimal skills
intervention | 56 | 11 | 11 | 1.000 |
6250 | D'Eramo-Melkus, 1992 (2) | HbA1c |
Group behavioral intervention plus individual
followup sessions | CBT | Large | Low |
Minimal skills
intervention | 54 | 18 | 13 | .7220 |
20 | Didjurgeit, 2002 | HbA1c |
Psycho-therapeutic intervention by one
therapist | CBT | Small | High | Wait list | 44 | 14 | 14 | 1.000 |
510 | Fosbury, 1997 | HbA1 | Cognitive Analytic Therapy (CAT) | CBT | Small | High |
Diabetes specialist
nurse education | 32 | 16 | 16 | 1.000 |
330 | Gaede, 1999 | HbA1c |
Intensified treatment—standard treatment
plus behavior modification and introduction
to pharmacological therapy | CBT | Large | High | Standard information | 160 | 208 | 16 | 0.077 |
210 | Gaede, 2001 | HbA1c |
Intensive multifactorial intervention—goal-setting
and information on diet, exercise,
smoking cessation, self-monitoring | CBT | Large | Low | Standard information | 149 | 24 | NS | NS |
6180 | Glasgow, 1992 | GHb |
Focused education on dietary and self-care
behaviors, problem-solving and coping
strategies | CBT | Large | Low | Delayed intervention | 102 | 12 | 10 | 0.833 |
240 | Glasgow, 2000 | HbA1 |
Basic intervention plus telephone follow-up
to provide support and reinforcement,
personalized problem-solving training | CBT | Large | NR |
Basic intervention—interactive multimedia
touch-screen
assessment | 160 | NS | NS | NS |
240 | Glasgow, 2000 (2) | HbA1 |
Basic intervention plus community
resources—newsletters, goal feedback,
food-frequency questionnaire | CBT | Large | NR |
Basic intervention—interactive multimedia
touch-screen
assessment | 160 | NS | NS | NS |
240 | Glasgow, 2000 (3) | HbA1 |
Combined condition—combination of basic,
telephone and community resource followup |
CBT | Large | NR |
Basic intervention—interactive multimedia
touch-screen
assessment | 160 | NS | NS | NS |
3440 | Goldhaber-Fiebert, 2003 | GHb |
Lifestyle intervention (in Spanish) focusing
on nutrition | D/E | Large | Low |
Standard diabetes
lecture | 75 | 12 | 11 | 0.917 |
3220 | Hanefeld, 1991 | FBG |
IHE + placebo—patients seen at 3-month
intervals | D/E | Large | High |
Regular clinical
checkups | 760 | 260 | 20 | 0.077 |
3220 | Hanefeld, 1991 (2) | FBG |
IHE + calofibric acid—patients seen at 3-month intervals | D/E | Large | High |
Regular clinical
checkups | 757 | 260 | 20 | 0.077 |
4650 | Kinsley, 1999 | HbA1c | BGAT—group training sessions | BGAT | Small | Low |
Cholesterol
awareness | 47 | 16 | 8 | 0.500 |
6110 | Laitinen, 1993 | GHb |
In-clinic education and goal-setting focusing
on nutrition | CBT | Large | Low | Usual care | 86 | 52 | 6 | 0.115 |
2050 | Lane, 1993 | GHb |
Intensive diabetes education plus weekly
biofeedback-assisted relaxation training | Relaxation | Small | High |
Intensive diabetes
education | 38 | 48 | 52 | 1.083 |
3180 | Maxwell, 1992 | GHb |
5-day training program plus behavioral
group therapy—0-3 group meetings | CBT | Large | Low |
5-day small group
training program | 180 | 8 | 8 | 1.000 |
3180 | Maxwell, 1992 (2) | GHb |
5-day training program plus behavioral
group therapy—4-8 group meetings | CBT | Large | Low |
5-day small group
training program | 117 | 8 | 8 | 1.000 |
2970 | McGrady, 1991 |
Blood
glucose
means | Biofeedback-assisted relaxation | Relax | Small | Low | Group counseling | 18 | 10 | 10 | 1.000 |
350 | McGrady, 1999 | GHb |
45-minute sessions of biofeedback assisted
relaxation | Relaxation | Small | High |
Usual care/ glucose
monitoring | 18 | 8 to 15 | 12 | NS |
2370 | Oh, 2003 | HbA1c |
Telephone intervention—continuous
education reinforcement | D/E | Small | High | Usual care | 38 | 12 | 16 | 1.333 |
2910 | Perry, 1997 | HbA1c |
Monthly meetings, individualized diet and
exercise prescriptions, fitness appraisal | D/E | Large | Low |
Standard care once
every 3 months | 61 | NS | NS | NS |
3200 | Rost, 1991 | GHb |
Patient activation intervention—focusing on
decisionmaking and information seeking | CBT | Large | Low |
Standard evaluation
and education | 61 | 0.14 | 2 | 14.286 |
550 | Smith, 1997 | GHb |
Behavioral weight control (group) plus three
individualized motivational interviews | CBT | Small | High |
Behavioral weight
control (group) | 16 | 16 | 16 | 1.000 |
2360 | Trento, 2002 | HbA1c |
Group education sessions focusing on
multiple factors | CBT | Large | High |
Individual diabetes
education | 112 | 208 | 16 | 0.077 |
6240 | Vanninen, 1992 (men) | HbA1c | Physician distributed information on exercise | D/E | Small | Low |
Basic information
sessions | 45 | 52 | 6 | 0.115 |
6240 | Vanninen, 1992 (women) | HbA1c | Physician distributed information on exercise | D/E | Small | Low |
Basic information
sessions | 32 | 52 | 6 | 0.115 |