Highlights of Substance Abuse and Mental Health Reports
Released in 2005
 All
reports by year of release
All
reports released in 2005 (listed
from most recent to earliest release):
-
An estimated 9% of adolescents aged 12 to 17 (approximately 2.2
million adolescents) had experienced at least one major depressive episode
during the past year as reported in SAMHSA's 2004 National Survey on
Drug Use and Health. Among adolescents aged 12 to 17 who experienced
at least one major depressive episode during the past year, 40.3% reported
having received treatment for depression during the past year. Adolescents
who had experienced a major depressive episode in the past year were
more than twice as likely to have used illicit drugs in the past month
than their peers who had not experienced a major depressive episode
in the past year (21.2% vs. 9.6%).2% vs. 9.6%).
See
The
NSDUH Report: Depression among Adolescents
- Of the approximately
78,000 admissions aged 12 to 17 in the 26 States that reported presence
or absence of co-occurring problems to SAMHSA's Treatment Episode Data
Set (TEDS), about 16,000 (21%) were admissions with a co-occurring psychiatric
problem in addition to an alcohol and/or drug problem. Adolescent
admissions with co-occurring disorders were more likely to be female
than adolescent admissions for only substance use disorders (38% vs.
28%). Nearly three-quarters
of adolescent admissions with co-occurring disorders were White (72%)
compared to half of adolescent admissions for only substance use disorders
(51%). Criminal justice system referrals for treatment were the most
common source of referral for both adolescent admissions with co-occurring
disorders (48%) and adolescent admissions for only substance use disorders
(57%). See
The
DASIS Report: Adolescents with Co-Occurring Psychiatric Disorders:
2003
- Based
on annual averages from SAMHSA's National Surveys on Drug Use and Health
in 2002, 2003, and 2004, an estimated 1.2 million adults aged 18 or
older (0.6%) were arrested for any serious violent or property offense
in the past year. Serious violent or property offenses were defined
as Part I violent and property offenses in the FBI's Uniform Crime Reporting
Program. Part I violent offenses include arrests for murder,
rape, robbery, and aggravated assault. Part I property offenses
include arrests for burglary, theft, motor vehicle theft, and arson.
Adults who were arrested in the past year for any serious violent or
property offense were more likely to have used an illicit drug in the
past year than those who were not arrested for serious offenses (60.1%
vs. 13.6%). Adults who had been arrested for serious violent or property
offenses in the past year were more likely than those not arrested for
serious offenses to have used marijuana (46.5% vs. 10.0%) and cocaine,
crack cocaine, hallucinogens, methamphetamines, heroin and prescription
drugs nonmedically. See
The NSDUH Report:
Illicit Drug Use among Persons Arrested for Serious Crimes
- Of
the 13,454 facilities that reported in 2004 to SAMHSA's National Survey
of Substance Abuse Treatment Services (N-SSATS), 283 served the American
Indian and Alaska Native population specifically and were operated either
by a Tribal Government (172 facilities), the Indian Health Services
(34 facilities), or another type of public/private organization (77
facilities) that offered substance abuse treatment services in an American
Indian or Alaska Native language.
Of the 32 States with at least one substance abuse treatment facility
that specifically served American Indian or Alaska Native clients, most
were in the Midwest and West: Arizona (36 facilities), New Mexico (30
facilities), California (26 facilities), Washington (24 facilities),
Oklahoma (23 facilities), Alaska (21 facilities), Wisconsin (16 facilities),
Michigan (15 facilities), and Oregon (12 facilities). Substance
abuse treatment facilities that specifically served American Indian
or Alaska Native clients were more likely than other substance
abuse treatment facilities to offer aftercare counseling (91% vs. 78%)
and family counseling (85% vs. 76%). Substance abuse treatment facilities
that specifically served American Indian or Alaska Native clients were
less likely than other substance abuse treatment facilities to
offer specially designed programs for criminal justice clients (24%
vs. 31%). See The
DASIS Report: American Indian and Alaska Native Substance Abuse
Treatment Services: 2004
- Of
the substance abuse treatment facilities reporting to SAMHSA's National
Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services (N-SSATS) in 2004, 31%
offered a special program for driving under the influence (DUI), driving
while intoxicated (DWI), or other drunk driving offenders. Among the
substance abuse treatment facilities that offered DUI/DWI programs,
most were privately operated (90% for DUI/DWI-only facilities and 86%
for multi-programs facilities). Multi-program facilities were more likely
than DUI/DWI-only facilities to offer urine screening (82% vs. 57%)
and blood alcohol testing (65% vs. 52%). See The
DASIS Report: Facilities
with DUI/DWI Programs, 2004
- In
2003, 64% of all substance abuse treatment admissions reported to SAMHSA's
Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS) involved alcohol, and 42% involved
alcohol as the primary substance of abuse. Among primary alcohol
treatment admissions aged 21 or older, admissions for only alcohol were
more likely to be White than admissions for alcohol plus a secondary
drug (70% vs. 58%).
Substance abuse treatment admissions aged 21 or older for alcohol plus
a secondary drug were almost twice as likely to enter residential/rehabilitative
services as admissions for alcohol only (20% vs. 11%).
As
a proportion of all substance abuse treatment admissions aged 21 or
older, admissions for alcohol only and admissions for alcohol plus a
secondary drug decreased from 1993 to 2003. See
The DASIS
Report: Primary
Alcohol Admissions Aged 21 or Older - - Alcohol Alone vs. Alcohol Plus
a Secondary Drug, 2003
- As
reported in SAMHSA's 2004 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, an
estimated 8% of adults aged 18 or older (approximately 17.1 million
adults) had experienced at least one major depressive episode during
the past year. Among adults aged 18 or older who experienced at least
one major depressive episode during the past year, 65.1% reported having
received treatment for depression during the past year. The rate of
past month illicit drug use was nearly twice as high among adults who
had experienced a major depressive episode in the past year (14.2%)
compared with adults who had not experienced a major depressive episode
in the past year (7.3%). See
The NSDUH Report: Depression
among Adults
- Data
from SAMHSA's National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) were used
to compare substance use, dependence and treatment among veterans and
non veterans. In 2003, an estimated 56.6% of veterans used alcohol in
the past month compared with 50.8% of comparable nonveterans.
An
estimated 13.2% of veterans reported driving while under the influence
of alcohol or illicit drugs in the past year compared with 12.2% of
comparable nonveterans. An estimated 18.8% of veterans reported that
they smoked cigarettes daily in the past month compared with 14.3% of
comparable nonveterans. See The
NSDUH Report: Alcohol Use and Alcohol Related Risk Behaviors among
Veterans
- SAMHSA's
National Survey on Drug Use and Health found that in 2003, an estimated
3.5% of veterans used marijuana in the past month compared with 3.0%
of their nonveteran counterparts. Past month heavy use of alcohol was
more prevalent among veterans (7.5%) than comparable nonveterans (6.5%).
Estimated
rates of dependence on alcohol and/or illicit drugs did not differ significantly
between veterans and nonveterans. An estimated 0.8% of veterans received
specialty treatment for a substance use disorder (alcohol or illicit
drugs) in the past year compared with 0.5% of comparable nonveterans.
See The
NSDUH Report: Substance Use, Dependence, and Treatment among Veterans
- SAMHSA's
National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services (N-SSATS) is an
annual census of all known public and private facilities in the U.S.
that provide substance abuse treatment. In 2004, of the 13,454 substance
abuse treatment facilities that responded to SAMHSA's National Survey
of Substance Abuse Treatment Services, 31% provided HIV testing, 56%
offered HIV education/ counseling/ support groups, and 12% offered special
programs or groups for persons with HIV/AIDS. Among the private for-profit
organizations, 20% provided offered HIV testing, 44% offered HIV education/counseling/support
groups, and 10% offered special programs or groups for persons with
HIV/AIDS. Among facilities offering outpatient services, those offering
outpatient methadone maintenance were the most likely to offer HIV/AIDS
services. Facilities operated by the Department of Veterans Affairs
were most likely to offer HIV testing (94%). See
The DASIS
Report:
Availability of HIV Services in Substance Abuse Treatment Facilities:
2004
- Between
1993 and 2003, the number of admissions in SAMHSA's Treatment Episode
Data Set (TEDS) that reported phencyclidine (PCP) as the primary substance
of abuse increased from 3,300 to 4,000; but the proportion of PCP admissions
remained constant at about 0.2% of all substance abuse treatment admissions
during this decade. The regional distribution of primary PCP admissions
shifted between 1993 and 2003. In 2003, about a third of all primary
PCP admissions were in the West (down from 37% in 1993), 27% were in
the Northeast (up from 23%), 23% were in the South (down from 33%) and
18% were in the Midwest (up from 7%). In 1993, the most common secondary
substance of abuse reported by primary PCP admissions was alcohol (41%),
followed by cocaine (26%), and marijuana (24%). By 2003, marijuana (42%)
was the most common secondary substance of abuse reported by primary
PCP admissions, followed by alcohol (31%), and cocaine (15%).
See
The DASIS Report: Trends in
Admissions for Phencyclidine (PCP): 1993-2003
- The
National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services (N-SSATS) is part
of SAMHSA's Drug and Alcohol Services Information System (DASIS), a
cooperative program between the State substance abuse agencies and the
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) to
collect data on the location, characteristics, and utilization of services
at alcohol and drug abuse treatment facilities (both public and private)
throughout the 50 States, the District of Columbia, and other U.S. jurisdictions.
This report provides data from the 2004. See
National Survey
of Substance Abuse Treatment Services (N-SSATS): 2004 Data on Substance
Abuse Treatment Facilities
- SAMHSA's National Surveys
on Drug Use and Health from 2002, 2003, and 2004 were combined to get
annualized averages in order to compare past year illicit drug use among
college students and nonstudents at each age from 18 to 22. Past year
illicit drug use rates among young adults aged 18 to 22 were similar
for full-time college students (37.5%), part-time college students (38.5%),
and nonstudents (38.4%). Among
males, the rate of past year illicit drug use was lower for full-time
college students than nonstudents (40% vs. 43%); but among females,
the rate was higher for full-time college students than nonstudents
(35% vs. 33%). Full-time
college students were less likely than nonstudents to be past year users
of cocaine (6.3% vs. 8.2%), crack cocaine (0.4% vs. 1.4%), pain relievers
used nonmedically (11.6% vs. 13.9%), and methamphetamine (0.8% vs. 2.6%). See
The
NSDUH Report: College Enrollment Status and Past Year
Illicit Drug Use among Young Adults: 2002, 2003, and 2004
- Of the approximately
668,000 male admissions in the 29 States that reported presence or absence
of co-occurring problems to SAMHSA's Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS),
about 103,000 (15%) were male admissions with co-occurring problems.
Male admissions with co-occurring
problems were more likely to report alcohol as the primary substance
of abuse than male admissions for substance abuse alone (48% vs. 43%).
Male admissions with co-occurring
problems were more likely to be White than were male admissions for
substance abuse alone (69% vs. 57%). Only 28% of male admissions with
co-occurring problems were referred to treatment through the criminal
justice system compared to 45% of male admissions for substance abuse
alone. See The
DASIS Report:
Male Admissions with Co-Occurring Psychiatric
and Substance Use Problems, 2003
- Based
on SAMHSA's National Survey on Drug Use and Health, in 2004, persons
aged 12 or older who lived in metropolitan areas were more likely to
abuse or be dependent on alcohol or an illicit drug during the past
year than those living in non-metropolitan areas. Males living in metropolitan
areas were more likely to abuse or be dependent on alcohol or an illicit
drug than males living in non-metropolitan areas. Rates of past year
substance abuse or dependence changed little between 2002, 2003, and
2004 in either metropolitan or non-metropolitan areas.
See The
NSDUH Report: Substance Abuse or Dependence in Metropolitan
and Non-Metropolitan Areas, 2004 Update
- There were 115,000
substance abuse treatment admissions to facilities in rural areas in
2003 (6% of all admissions) based on SAMHSA's Treatment Episode Data
Set (TEDS). Rural substance abuse treatment admissions were more likely
than urban substance abuse treatment admissions to report alcohol as
the primary substance of abuse (52% vs. 40%). Rural substance abuse
treatment admissions were more likely than urban substance abuse treatment
admissions to be referred to treatment by the criminal justice system
(47% vs. 35%). See The
DASIS Report: Treatment Admissions in Rural Areas, 2003
- In
2003, there were 237,000 substance abuse treatment admissions for injection
drug use (13% of all admissions reported to SAMHSA's Treatment Episode
Data Set [TEDS]). Opiates accounted for 77% of admissions for injection
drug use, followed by stimulants (16%) and cocaine (6%). Most substance
abuse treatment admissions for injected opiates were self/individually
referred to treatment (58%); while most admissions for injected stimulants
were referred by the criminal justice system (44%). See
The DASIS Report: Treatment
Admissions for Injection Drug Use, 2003
- Based
on SAMHSA's 2004 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 1.4 million
persons aged 12 or older (0.6% of the population) had used methamphetamine
in the past year, and 600,000 persons (0.2% of the population) had used
methamphetamine in the past month. Although the number of past year
and past month methamphetamine users did not change significantly between
2002 and 2004, the number of past month methamphetamine users who met
criteria for abuse or dependence on one or more illicit drugs in the
past year increased from 164,000 (27.5% of past month methamphetamine
users) in 2002 to 346,000 (59.3%) in 2004. The
average age of first use among new methamphetamine users was 18.9 years
in 2002, 20.4 years in 2003, and 22.1 years of age in 2004.
See
The NSDUH Report: Methamphetamine
Use, Abuse, and Dependence: 2002, 2003, and 2004
- In
SAMHSA's 2004 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, an estimated 14%
of youths aged 12 to 17, approximately 3.5 million youths, had experienced
at least one major depressive episode in their lifetime. Over 7%, an
estimated 1.8 million youths, had lifetime major depressive episode
and thought about killing themselves at the time of their worst or most
recent episode. An estimated 712,000 youths had tried to kill themselves
during their worst or most recent major depressive episode; this represents
2.9% of those aged 12 to 17. See
The NSDUH Report: Suicidal
Thoughts among Youths Aged 12 to 17 with Major Depressive Episode
- By
combining data from SAMHSA's National Surveys on Drug Use and Health
in 2002 and 2003, SAMHSA estimated the annual average rates of driving
under the influence (DUI) of alcohol or illicit drugs and of DUI arrests
among adults aged 21 or older. An estimated 30.7 million persons aged
21 or older (16.6% of adult drivers) reported driving under the influence
of alcohol or illegal drugs during the past year; of these, 1.2 million
(0.6% of adult drivers) were arrested for driving under the influence
of alcohol or illicit drugs during the past year. Among drivers
aged 21 and older, 5.9% of those reporting that they had driven under
the influence of both alcohol and illicit drugs during the past year
had been arrested for DUI in the past year, 4.8% of those driving under
the influence of only illicit drugs, and 2.9% of those who had driven
under the influence of only alcohol during the past year had been arrested
for DUI in the past year. See
The NSDUH Report: Arrests
for Driving Under the Influence among Adult Drivers
- Binge
drinking is defined as 5 or more drinks on the same occasion at least
one day in the past month. Based on annual averages from SAMHSA's 2002
and 2003 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health, there were approximately
7.2 million persons under the legal drinking age who were past month
binge alcohol users. Rates for current underage binge drinking among
those aged 12 to 20 was lowest in Utah (13.7%) and highest in North
Dakota (32.5%). Among binge drinkers aged 12 to 20, 49.3% reported binge
alcohol use on 1 or 2 days in the past month, 18.7% reported 2 or 3
days, 11.5% reported 5 or 6 days, and 20.5% reported binge drinking
on 7 or more days in the past month.
See The
NSDUH Report: Binge Alcohol Use among Persons Aged 12 to 20:
2002 and 2003 Update
- Based on SAMHSA's National
Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) in 2002 and 2003, Hispanic youths
aged 12 to 17 were less likely to report past month alcohol use and
past month marijuana use than non-Hispanic youths. Among Hispanic youths,
Cuban youths had the highest rates of past month alcohol use while Puerto
Rican youths had the highest rates of past month illicit drug use. Hispanic
youths who were born in the United States were more likely to have used
illicit drugs in the past month than Hispanic youths born outside the
United States. See
The NSDUH Report: Substance
Use among Hispanic Youths
- Based
on SAMHSA's 2003 Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS), Hispanic admissions
were more likely to report opiate abuse than non-Hispanic admissions
(28% vs. 16%). A
greater proportion of Hispanic admissions were male (78%) than non-Hispanic
admissions (68%). Puerto
Rican admissions most frequently reported opiates as the primary substance
of abuse, while other Hispanic admissions most frequently reported alcohol
as the primary substance of abuse. See The
DASIS Report:
Hispanics in Substance Abuse Treatment, 2003
- Based
on SAMHSA's 2002 and 2003 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, more
than 5.9 million Americans aged 12 or older (2.5) used cocaine in the
past year. Cocaine use rates ranged from 1.6% in Idaho to 3.9% in Colorado.
Males were more than twice as likely as females to have used cocaine
in the past year and to have met the criteria for abuse of or dependence
on cocaine in the past year. See
The NSDUH Report: Cocaine Use:
2002 & 2003
- Based
on SAMHSA's 2003 National Survey on Drug Use & Health, an estimated
5.9% of women aged 18 or older met criteria for abuse of or dependence
on alcohol or an illicit drug in the past year. American Indian or Alaska
Native women aged 18 or older had higher rates of abuse or or dependence
on alcohol or an illicit drug than women aged 18 or older in other racial
or ethnic groups. Women aged 18 or older who were married had a lower
rate of substance (alcohol or illicit drug) abuse or dependence than
women of any other marital status. See
The NSDUH
Report: Substance Abuse and Dependence among Women
- Based on SAMHSA's National
Survey on Drug Use and Health in 2003, most youths have been exposed
to some kind of substance abuse prevention message - - whether having
seen or heard an alcohol or drug prevention message or talked with a
parent about the dangers of tobacco, alcohol, or drug use. About 84%
of youths aged 12 to 17 (20.8 million) in 2003 reported having seen
or heard an alcohol or drug prevention message from sources such as
posters, pamphlets, radio, or TV in the past 12 months. About 59% of
the youths (14.6 million) reported having talked with at least one of
their parents during the past year about the dangers of tobacco, alcohol
or drug use. Youth who had talked with a parent about the dangers of
tobacco, alcohol, or drug use in the past year were less likely to report
past month alcohol use, binge alcohol use, or illicit drug use than
youths who had not talked with a parent. See
The NSDUH Report:
Youths' Exposure to Substance Use Prevention Messages, 2003
- Between
1992 and 2002, substance abuse treatment admissions reporting tranquilizers
as their primary substance of abuse to SAMHSA's Treatment Episode Data
Set (TEDS) increased 79% from 4,600 admissions in 1992 to 8,300 in 2002.
Among the additional 32,800 admissions which reported tranquilizers
as a secondary or tertiary substance of abuse in 2002, opiates (46%)
and alcohol (30%) were the most common primary substances of abuse.
Primary
tranquilizer admissions were most frequent in the South (40%) and least
frequent in the West (12%) and Midwest (15%). See
The DASIS Report:
Characteristics of Primary Tranquilizer Admissions: 2002
- Based
on SAMHSA's National Survey on Drug Use and Health in 2002 and 2003,
about 94% of persons aged 21 or older were classified as drivers. Among
adult drivers aged 21 or older, 71% reported using alcohol during the
12 months prior to survey, and 12.6% reported having used an illicit
drug during the past year. An estimated 30.7 million persons aged 21
or older (16.6% of adult drivers) reported driving under the influence
of alcohol or illegal drugs during the past year. Among drivers
aged 21 and older, 15.7% had driven under the influence of alcohol during
the past year, 4.3% had driven under the influence of illicit drugs,
and 3% had driven under the combined influence of alcohol and drugs
during the past year. Drivers
aged 21 and older living in the Midwest (20.5%) were more likely to
have driven under the influence or alcohol or illicit drugs in the past
year than those living in the West (17.1%), Northeast (15.6%) or the
South (14.3%). See
The NSDUH Report: Driving
Under the Influence among Adult Drivers
- The
criminal justice system was the principal source of referral in SAMHSA's
Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS) for substance abuse treatment admissions
reporting marijuana as their primary substance of abuse. The proportion
of criminal justice referred treatment admissions increased from 48%
of all marijuana admissions in 1992 to 58% of all marijuana admissions
in 2002. Marijuana treatment admissions referred by the criminal justice
system were more likely than marijuana admissions referred by
all other sources to be admitted to ambulatory (outpatient) treatment
services (86% vs. 79%) and less likely to be admitted to residential/rehabilitation
(13% vs. 16%) or detoxification services (1% vs. 4%). See
The DASIS Report:
Differences in Marijuana Admissions Based on Source of Referral, 2002
- By
combining three years of data from SAMHSA's National Survey on Drug
Use and Health from 1999 to 2001, SAMHSA's Office of Applied Studies
was able to produce subState estimates of substance use. In 1999 to
2001, past month use of marijuana varied from 2.3% in Northwest Iowa
and 2.6% in Southern Texas to 10.3% in Boulder, Colorado and 12.2% in
Boston. Of the 15 subState areas with the highest rates of past month
marijuana use in the United States, five were in Massachusetts, three
were in California, and two were in Colorado.
See The
NSDUH Report: Marijuana Use in SubState Areas
- Annual
averages based on SAMHSA's National Survey on Drug Use & Health
conducted in 2002 and 2003 found that women aged 15 to 44 who were currently
pregnant were less likely to currently use an illicit drug, smoke cigarettes,
or drink alcohol then either recent mothers or nonpregnant women in
this age group. Pregnant
women aged 15 to 25 were more likely to have smoked cigarettes in the
past month and to have used an illicit drug during the past month than
pregnant women aged 26 to 44. Among pregnant women aged 15 to 44, 9.8%
reported drinking alcohol during the past month, 4.1% reported binge
alcohol use, and less than 1% reported heavy alcohol use. See
The NSDUH Report: Substance
Use During Pregnancy: 2002 and 2003 Update
- Of
the 860,000 admissions in 2002 reported to SAMHSA's Treatment Episode
Data Set (TEDS) with known income or support sources, 9% reported public
assistance as the primary source of income, 31% reported wages/salary,
4% reported disability, 1% reported retirement/pension, 24% reported
other sources of income and 31% reported none. Public assistance admissions
to substance abuse treatment were more likely to report opiates (20%
vs. 13%) and less likely to report marijuana as the primary substance
of abuse than other admissions to substance abuse treatment. Public
assistance admissions were more likely to be female (43% vs. 28%) than
were other admissions to substance abuse treatment. See
The
DASIS Report: Treatment Admissions Receiving Public Assistance:
2002
- SAMHSA's
Substance Abuse Treatment Facility Locator is an on-line searchable
directory of more than 11,000 addiction treatment programs throughout
the U.S. The Locator was created to help people find treatment for substance
abuse addiction or problems with alcohol. It is located at http://findtreatment.samhsa.gov
It also contains links to SAMHSA's Buprenorphine Physician Locator and
to SAMHSA's Mental Health Facility Locator. See
Using the Substance Abuse Treatment
Facility Locator for description
and guidance.
- In
2002, based on SAMHSA's Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS), females accounted
for 30% of substance abuse treatment admissions. The average age at
substance abuse treatment admission for female admissions was slightly
younger than male admissions (33.3 vs. 34.2 years). Female admissions
were more likely than male admissions to be in treatment for opiates
or cocaine and less likely to be substance abuse treatment for alcohol
or marijuana. The expected source of payment for treatment for female
admissions was equally distributed (about 25% each) between self-payment,
Medicaid/Medicare, and other government payments. In contrast, the expected
source of payment for treatment for male admissions was most frequently
self-payment (34%) or other government payments (28%).
See The
DASIS Report: A Comparison of Female and Male Treatment Admissions:
2002
- Based
on SAMHSA's National Survey on Drug Use and Health in 2002 and 2003,
an annual average of 18 million women aged 18 or older lived with a
biological, foster, step, or adoptive child aged 12 to 17. About 11.9%
of mothers (2.1 million) living with youths aged 12 to 17 had serious
mental illness during the past year. About 3.2% of the mothers had both
serious mental illness and also reported illicit drug use, binge alcohol
use, or heavy alcohol use during the past month. Youths
living with a mother who had serious mental illness (SMI) were more
likely to have used alcohol or an illicit drug during the past month
(26.7%) than youths living with a mother who did not have SMI (18.8%).
See
The NSDUH Report: Mother's
Serious Mental Illness and Substance Use among Youths
- Trends
in the substance abuse treatment admissions of adults age 55 or older
reported to SAMHSA's Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS) show an increase
of 32% in the number of older adult admissions between 1995 to 2002.
Alcohol was the most frequently reported primary substance of abuse
among older adults for each of these years. Primary alcohol admissions
among older adults increased 19% for men and 24% for women: from 33,100
men and 7,000 women in 1995 to 39,300 men and 8,700 women in 2002. Primary
drug admissions among older adults increased 106% for men and 119% for
women: from 6,200 men and 1,600 women in 1995 to 12,800 men and 3,500
women in 2002. Substance abuse treatment admissions rates among older
adults tended to be highest in northern and northeastern States.
See
The DASIS Report: Older
Adults in Substance Abuse Treatment
1995-2002 trends
- Based
on SAMHSA's 2002 and 2003 National Surveys on Drug Use & Health
(NSDUH), an estimated 90.8 million adults (42.9%) aged 18 or older had
used marijuana at least once in their lifetime. Among lifetime marijuana
users aged 18 or older, 2.1% reported that they first used marijuana
before age 12; 52.7% reported first marijuana use between ages 12 and
17, and 45.2% reported first marijuana use at age 18 or older. About
12.5 % of persons aged 18 or older who reported lifetime marijuana use
were classified as having a serious mental illness (SMI) in the past
year. Adults who first used marijuana before age 12 (21%) were twice
as likely as adults who first used marijuana at age 18 or older (10.5%)
to be classified as having a serious mental illness in the past year.
See The NSDUH Report: Age
at First Use of Marijuana and Past Year Serious Mental Illness
- Prevalence
rates of alcohol and of illicit drug use in the past month and past
year were lower for foreign born compared with U.S. born individuals
aged 18 or older in a study of respondents to SAMHSA's National Surveys
on Drug Use & Health conducted from 1999 to 2001. There were no
statistically significant differences in alcohol use or past month illicit
drug use between immigrants who had been in the U.S. for fewer than
5 years compared with immigrants in the U.S. For 5 or more years. However,
past year illicit drug use was higher among immigrants in the U.S. For
5 or more years compared with immigrants in the U.S. For fewer than
5 years. See Immigrants
and Substance Use:
Findings from the 1999-2001 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health
(HTML)
- According
to SAMHSA's 2003 National Survey on Drug Use & Health, about 2.1
million persons aged 12 or older (0.9%) reported using Ecstasy at least
once in the past year. Almost all (97.5%) of the persons age 12 or older
who used Ecstasy in the past year also reported past year use of alcohol
compared with 65.2% of those who had not used Ecstasy in the past year.
Over 90% of past year Ecstasy users reported also using other types
of illicit drugs in the past year compared with 13.8% of the those who
did not use Ecstasy in the past year. About 22.8% of the past year Ecstasy
users used one other illicit drug, 50.3% used two to four other illicit
drugs, and 17.9% used five or more illicit drugs during the past year.
See
The NSDUH Report: Substance
Use among Past Year Ecstasy Users
- Based
on SAMHSA's 2002 and 2003 National Surveys on Drug Use & Health
(NSDUH), an annual average of 13.7 million persons aged 50 or older
(17.1%) smoked cigarettes and 36 million (45.5%) drank alcohol during
the past month. About 12.2% of older adults reported binge alcohol use
and 3.2% reported heavy alcohol use. Among older adults, 1.4 million
(1.8%) used an illicit drug during the past month. Marijuana was the
most commonly used illicit drug (used by 1.1% older adults), followed
by prescription-type drugs used nonmedically (0.7%), and cocaine (0.2%).
See The NSDUH Report:
Substance Use Among Older Adults: 2002 & 2003 Update
- Of
the 683,000 primary alcohol admissions aged 21 or older admitted to
treatment and
reported to SAMHSA's Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS) in 2002, more
than one third reported their age of first alcohol intoxication as between
15 and 17 years old. In TEDS age of first use of alcohol is defined
as the age of first intoxication. Primary alcohol admissions with an
age of first alcohol use prior to age 12 were more likely than all other
age groups to have had five or more prior treatment episodes. Among
primary alcohol admissions aged 21 or older, the average age of first
alcohol use for males was 16.7 years old and for females 18.0 years
old. The average age of first alcohol use varied greatly by racial and
ethnic group with American Indian / Alaska Native primary alcohol admissions
starting at the earliest age (mean age 15.1 years old), followed by
White (mean age 16.6 years old), Black (mean age 17.2 years old), and
Asian/ Pacific Islander admissions (mean age 17.9 years old). Hispanic
primary alcohol admissions reported the latest age of first alcohol
use: 19.7 years old. See
The
DASIS Report: Characteristics of Primary Alcohol Admissions
by Age of First Use of Alcohol: 2002
- Based
on SAMHSA's 2002 and 2003 National Surveys on Drug Use & Health
(NSDUH), an annual average of 354,000 persons (0.2%) aged 12 or older
used a needle to inject heroin, cocaine, methamphetamines, or other
stimulants during the past year. NSDUH data on needle sources indicated
that 140,000 (39.5%) past year injection drug users bought a needle
from a pharmacy the last time they injected drugs and 59,000 (16.7%)
obtained a needle from a needle exchange program. About 73,000 (20.5%)
were given their needle or stole it from another person and another
24,000 (6.8%) were given their needle or stole it from a location. The
last time injection drug users used a needle for injecting drugs, 13.1%
of past year injection drug users knew or suspected someone else had
used the needle before them and 18.1% used a needle that someone used
after them. An estimated 64.4% of past year injection drug users did
not clean the needle with bleach before the last time they had used
one to inject drugs. See The NSDUH
Report: Injection Drug Use Update: 2002 and 2003
- Youths
who reported heavy alcohol use in the past month were the most likely
to have participated in any of the six delinquent behaviors assessed
in SAMHSA's National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Heavy drinking was
defined as drinking five or more alcoholic beverages on the same occasion
on each of 5 or more days in the past 30 days. All heavy alcohol users
are also binge alcohol users, i.e., drank five or more drinks on the
same occasion on at least one day in the past 30 days. In 2003, an estimated
9 million (36.1%) youths aged 12 to 17 had engaged in at least one delinquent
behavior in the past year. Almost 6 million (23.8%) took part in a serious
fight at school or work; 4.5 million (18.1%) took part in a group-against-group
fight; 2.1 million (8.3%) attacked someone with the intent to seriously
hurt them; 1.1 million (4.5%) stole or tried to steal something worth
more than $50; over 900,000 (3.6%) sold illegal drugs; and over 900,000
(3.6%) carried a handgun during the past year. See The
NSDUH Report: Alcohol Use and Delinquent Behaviors among
Youths
- Among
the 1.9 million admissions reported to SAMHSA's 2002 Treatment Episode
Data Set (TEDS), more (56%) reported the abuse of multiple substances
(polydrug use) than abuse of any single substance. Alcohol was the most
common substance reported (76%) by the polydrug admissions, marijuana
was second (55%), followed by cocaine (48%), opiates (27%) and other
drugs (26%). Younger admissions were more likely to report polydrug
abuse than older admissions: 65% of those younger than age 20 reported
polydrug abuse compared with 41% of those aged 45 or older. See The
DASIS Report: Polydrug Admissions: 2002
- SAMHSA's
National Survey on Drug Use & Health found that in 2002 and 2003,
an annual average of 718,000 (8.6%) youths aged 12 or 13 had used an
inhalant in their lifetime. Youths aged 12 or 13 who used inhalants
in their lifetime were more than twice as likely to have been in a serious
fight at school or work during the past year than youths their age who
had never used inhalants. About 35% of youths aged 12 or 13 who used
inhalants in their lifetime also used another illicit drug compared
with 7.5% of youths aged 12 or 13 who had never used inhalants in their
lifetime. See
The NSDUH Report: Inhalant Use
and Delinquent Behaviors among Young Adolescents
- The
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA),
Office of Applied Studies collects and reports on national and State
data to assist policymakers, treatment providers and patients make informed
decisions regarding the prevention and treatment of mental and substance
use disorders. This short report provides an overview of
the SAMHSA's Office of Applied Studies and its data collection systems.
See
The OAS Report: The Office of Applied
Studies
- SAMHSA's
Office of Applied Studies (OAS) has created a website for "Quick
Statistics," where you can find the latest available State and
jurisdiction level data on substance abuse treatment admissions and
substance abuse treatment facilities. The States submitted these data
to SAMHSA for the Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS) and the National
Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services (N-SSATS). Using Quick
Statistics, you can run tables for individual States and for all States
combined. See
The DASIS Report:
Quick Statistics
- The
National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services (N-SSATS) is part
of the Drug and Alcohol Services Information System (DASIS), a cooperative
program between the State substance abuse agencies and the Substance
Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) to collect
data on the location, characteristics, and utilization of services at
alcohol and drug abuse treatment facilities (both public and private)
throughout the 50 States, the District of Columbia, and other U.S. Jurisdictions
More than 60% of the facilities surveyed in 2003 were operated by private
non-profit entities, one-quarter were operated by private for-profit
organizations, and the remainder were operated by Federal, State, local,
or tribal governments. Eighty percent of the facilities provided outpatient
care, 28% provided residential treatment, and 7% offered hospital inpatient
care. This report provides highlights from the 2003 N-SSATS report.
See
The DASIS Report:
The National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services (N-SSATS):
2003
- Based
on SAMHSA's Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS), substance abuse treatment
admission rates for marijuana as their primary substance of abuse increased
nationally by 162% from 45 admissions per 100,000 persons aged 12 or
older in 1992 to 118 admissions per 100,000 persons aged 12 or older
in 2002. Overall, the primary marijuana treatment admission rates increased
in 41 States and decreased in 3 States between 1992 and 2002. The number
of States with marijuana treatment admission rates of 139 or more per
100,000 persons aged 12 or older increased from no States in
1992 to 21 States in 2002. The number of States with rates less than
50 per 100,000 decreased from 26 States in 1992 to six States
in 2002. See The DASIS
Report: Trends in Marijuana Treatment Admissions by State:
1992-2002
- Of
the 1.9 million substance abuse treatment admissions reported to SAMHSA's
2002 Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS), 13% reported cocaine as their
primary substance of abuse. Of these treatment admissions with primary
cocaine abuse, 73% reported smoking cocaine and 27% reported other routes
of administration. Most
of the primary cocaine admissions (70% of the smoked cocaine admissions
and 73% of the non-smoked cocaine admissions) reported a secondary substance
of abuse. Alcohol was reported as the secondary substance of abuse by
44% of the smoked cocaine admissions and 39% of the non-smoked cocaine
admissions. Marijuana was reported by 18% of the smoked cocaine admissions
and 21% of the non-smoked cocaine admissions. Smoked cocaine admissions
were more likely to report daily use compared to non-smoked cocaine
admissions (42% vs. 29%). See The
DASIS Report: Smoked Cocaine vs. Non-Smoked Cocaine Admissions:
2002
- About
680,000 youths (2.7%) aged 12 to 17 in the U.S. have ever been in foster
care. Based on SAMHSA's National Survey on Drug Use and Health, youths
who have ever been in foster care had higher rates of any illicit
drug use than youths who have never been in foster care (33.6%
vs. 21.7%). Youths aged 12 to 17 who were in need of substance abuse
treatment in the past year were more likely to have received treatment
if they had ever been in foster care. See
The NSDUH Report:
Substance Use and Need for Treatment Among Youths Who Have Been in Foster
Care
- In
2002, SAMHSA's Treatment Episode Data
Set (TEDS) received reports of 39,463 American Indian / Alaska
Native substance abuse treatment admissions. Of these admissions, 34,324
(87%) were American Indians and 5,139 (13%) were Alaska Natives. The
percentage of American Indian or Alaska Native admissions entering treatment
for illicit drugs increased from 23.6% of all American Indian or Alaska
Native admissions in 1994 to 37.1% of all such American Indian or Alaska
Native admissions in 2002. In 2002, alcohol remained the primary substance
of abuse for American Indian / Alaska Native substance abuse treatment
admissions. American Indian or Alaska Native admissions were more likely
to report alcohol as their primary substance of abuse than all other
admissions (63% vs. 42%) and less likely to report opiates (8% vs. 18%)
or cocaine (13% vs. 5%) than all other admissions. American Indian /
Alaska Native substance abuse treatment admissions were more likely
to initiate substance use at age 14 or younger (46% vs. 32%) compared
with all other racial / ethnic groups. See The
DASIS Report: Substance Abuse Treatment Admissions Among American
Indians and Alaska Natives: 2002
- Based
on SAMHSA's 2003 National Survey on Drug Use & Health, 20.8 million
Americans aged 12 or older (8.8% of that population) had used prescription-type
stimulants nonmedically at least once in their lifetime. An estimated
378,000 persons in the United States met the diagnostic criteria for
dependence on or abuse of stimulants in the past year. Lifetime use
of methamphetamines was reported by 12.3 million (5.2% of the population),
prescription diet pills by 8.7 million (3.6%), Ritalin® or methylphenidate
by 4.2 million (1.8%), and Dexedrine® by 2.6 million (1.1%). Use
of a stimulant in their lifetime varied by race/ethnicity. Whites (10.7%),
Native Americans/ Alaska Natives (10.2%), and Native Hawaiians/ Pacific
islanders (8.3%) had the highest rates of any stimulant use in their
lifetime and Hispanics (5%), Asians (2.8%), and Blacks (2.7%) had the
lowest rates. See
The NSDUH Report: Stimulant
Use: 2003
- Based
on SAMHSA's Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS), admission rates for primary
cocaine treatment decreased nationally by 24% between 1992 and 2002
from 133 admissions to 101 admissions per 100,000 persons aged 12 or
older. Between 1992 and 2002, cocaine treatment admissions decreased
by 60% or more in five States (Massachusetts, Montana, New Jersey, New
Mexico, and Idaho) and increased 100% or more in four States (Arkansas,
Iowa, North Dakota, and Wisconsin). See The
DASIS Report: Trends in Cocaine Treatment Admissions by State:
1992-2002
- While
both oxycodone and heroin are classified as "opiates," the
prevalence of lifetime nonmedical use of oxycodone increased significantly
from 2002 to 2003 while the prevalence of lifetime heroin use remained
stable. Based on SAMHSA's National Survey on Drug Use & Health,
an estimated 11 million Americans aged 12 and older had used only oxycodone
nonmedically at least once in their lifetime, 1.9 million had used only
heroin in their lifetime, and 1.7 million had used both oxycodone and
heroin in their lifetime. See
The NSDUH Report: NonMedical
Oxycodone Users: A Comparison with Heroin Users
- SAMHSA's
National Survey on Drug Use and Health estimated that 88.2% of persons
aged 21 or older (175.6 million) had used alcohol in their lifetime
and 11.8% (23.5 million) had not used alcohol in their lifetime. Among
those who had used alcohol, 52.7% had used one or more illicit drugs
at some time in their life while only 8% of the nondrinkers had used
an illicit drug. Nonmedical use of pain relievers was the illicit drug
used most often by lifetime nondrinkers; whereas marijuana was the illicit
drug used most frequently by adults who had ever drank alcohol in their
lifetime. See The NSDUH Report:
Illicit Drug Use Among Lifetime
NonDrinkers and Lifetime Alcohol Users
- Based
on SAMHSA's Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS), the rate of the primary
methamphetamine/ amphetamine treatment admissions reporting smoking
methamphetamines or amphetamines was 50% in 2002 compared with 12% in
1992. In 2002, only one State (Ohio) had a decrease in the proportion
of methamphetamine/ amphetamine admissions that smoked methamphetamines
or amphetamines. Hawaii continued to have over 90% of its methamphetamine/
amphetamine admissions that smoked the drug. In nine States, over 50%
of the methamphetamine/ amphetamine admissions smoked the drug in 2002
and for five of these States (Colorado, Iowa, Nevada, Utah, and Washington
State) their rate of smoked methamphetamine/ amphetamine was 10% or
less in 1992. See
The DASIS Report:
Smoked Methamphetamine / Amphetamines, 1992-2002
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