Highlights of Reports on Substance Abuse and Mental Health
Released in 2002 and 2001
All
reports by year of release
All
reports released in 2001
(listed from most recent to earliest
release)
All
reports released in 2002 (listed
from most recent to earliest release):
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In 2001, over 3 million persons aged 12 to 17
had smoked cigarettes during the past month. Although it is illegal in the United States to
sell tobacco to underaged youths, in 2001 almost 2 million youths aged
12 to 17 who smoked cigarettes in the past month purchased them
personally during the same time period. See
The NHSDA Report: How
Youths Get Cigarettes.
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In 2001, over 8 million persons aged 12 or
older reported driving under the influence of illegal drugs during the
past year, that is, "drugged driving." See
The NHSDA Report: Drugged
Driving.
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Among youths aged 12 to 17, those aged 14 or
15 reported higher rates than those younger or older for the following
violent behaviors: serious fighting at school or work,
group-against-group fights, and attacking others with the intent of
seriously hurting them. See
The NHSDA Report: Youth
Violence and Substance Use, 2001 Update.
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Rates
of DAWN emergency department visits are presented for cocaine, heroin,
marijuana, and methamphetamine in 21 metropolitan areas and the
continental U.S. Only Chicago and Baltimore rank among the top 5
metropolitan areas in ED visit rates for both cocaine and heroin. By
contrast, Atlanta has one of the highest rates for cocaine but one of the
lowest for heroin. The
DAWN Report: Major
Drugs of Abuse in ED Visits, 2001 Update. (PDF format)
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Between
1994 and 2001, DAWN emergency department mentions of GHB, Ketamine,
and MDMA rose dramatically (over 2000% each). However, only
MDMA mentions increased from 1999 to 2001 and none of the club drugs
showed significant changes from 2000 to 2001. See
The DAWN Report: Club Drugs,
2001 Update (PDF format).
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Nationally, 61 percent of substance abuse
treatment facilities focused on substance abuse treatment services, 25
percent on a mix of mental health and substance abuse treatment services, and
9 percent on mental health services, and 5 percent on general health care or
other services. See The DASIS Report: Primary
Focus of Facilities Treating Substance Abuse.
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Of the
substance abuse treatment facilities providing
programs or services for women, 63 percent reported providing
programs for women only, 56 percent reported services addressing
domestic violence, 34 percent provided programs for pregnant or
postpartum women, and 16 percent offered on-site child care
services. See The DASIS
Report: Facilities
Offering Special Programs or Services for Women.
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Alcohol, opiates, and marijuana were
the most common primary substances of abuse among Hispanic admissions. Hispanic admissions had a larger
percentage of admissions for opiate abuse (32 percent) than non-Hispanic
admissions (15 percent). See
The DASIS Report: Hispanics in Substance Abuse Treatment.
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Asian youths were less likely to have used
alcohol during the past year than Hispanic, white, or American
Indian/Alaska Native youths. Filipino youths were more
likely to have used alcohol during the past year than Chinese or
Asian Indian youths. See The NHSDA Report:
Low Rates of Alcohol Use among Asian Youths.
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In
2001, an estimated 15.9 million Americans age 12 years or older used an
illicit drug in the month immediately prior to the survey interview.
About 10.1 million persons age 12 to 20 years reported current
alcohol use, i.e., were underage drinkers. In the 12 months
preceding the interview in 2001, an estimated 3.1 million persons age 12
or older received some kind of treatment for a problem related to the use
of alcohol or illicit drugs; of these, 1.6 million received treatment at a
self-help group. In 2001, there were an estimated 14.8 million
adults age 18 or older with a serious mental illness; an estimated 3
million had both a serious mental illness and substance abuse or
dependence problems during the year. See
2001
National Household Survey on Drug Abuse on September 5, 2002.
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Rates of past month use of marijuana/hashish,
alcohol, or cigarettes were lower among youths who believed their
parents would strongly disapprove of their substance use compared with
those who felt their parents somewhat disapproved or those who thought
their parents would neither approve nor disapprove. See
The NHSDA Report:
Parental Disapproval of Youths' Substance Use.
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Approximately
60 percent of recent marijuana initiates had used both alcohol and
cigarettes prior to their first use of marijuana. About 9 percent
had never used alcohol or cigarettes at the time of first marijuana
use, and the remaining recent initiates had used either alcohol only
(16.6 percent) or cigarettes only (14.8 percent). See Initiation
of Marijuana Use: Trends, Patterns and Implications.
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In 1999,
there were 179,000 treatment admissions for primary injection drug abuse
and 34,000 admissions for secondary injection drug abuse.
Opiates accounted for
83 percent of substance abuse treatment admissions for injection drug
abuse, followed by methamphetamine/ amphetamines (11 percent) and cocaine
(5 percent). See The DASIS
Report: Treatment
Admissions for Injection Drug Abuse.
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In 2000, 67 percent of those aged 12 or
older (over 148 million persons) in the United States reported any
cigarette use during their lifetime. Among smokers of at least 100 cigarettes, 42
percent reported not smoking during the past year. See
The NHSDA Report:
Former Cigarette Smokers.
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In
1999, pregnant women aged 15 to 44 were
more likely to enter treatment for
cocaine abuse than nonpregnant women of the same age group. Between 1995 and 1999, the source of
referral to substance abuse treatment changed for pregnant women: Criminal Justice Referrals increased
and referrals by Self/Individual or Health
Care Providers decreased. See The DASIS Report: Pregnant
Women in Substance Abuse Treatment.
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In 2000, almost 7 million persons
aged 12 to 20 (under the legal drinking age) was a binge drinker.
The rate of binge drinking among underage
persons (19 percent) was almost as high as among adults aged 21 or
older (21 percent). Underage persons who reported binge drinking
were 7 times more likely to report illicit drugs during the past month
than underage persons who did not binge drink. See
The NHSDA Report:
Binge Drinking Among Underage Persons.
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From
January to June 2001, DAWN estimates that there were 308,368
drug-related ED episodes in the coterminous U.S. with 559,334 drug
mentions. Both ED drug episodes and ED drug mentions were
statistically unchanged, based on comparisons of the first half of
2000 and the first half of 2001. See
ED
Trends From DAWN, Preliminary Estimates January-June 2001 With
Revised Estimates 1994-2000 . The
revised estimates in this report supersede the estimates published
previously for 1994 through 2000.
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Heroin,
cocaine, and alcohol-in-combination with other drugs were the three
most common substances in drug-related deaths reported by medical
examiners participating in the Drug Abuse Warning Network (DAWN) in
2000. Narcotic analgesics - including methadone, codeine, hydrocodone
and oxycodone - also frequently ranked in the top 10 drugs mentioned
by medical examiners in the DAWN mortality report. In 2000, 137
medical examiner jurisdictions from 43 metropolitan areas reported on
drug-related deaths to DAWN. See
Mortality
Data From DAWN, 2000 .
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In 2000, approximately 61 percent of youths
aged 12 to 17, or more than 14 million, participated in team sports
during the past year. Rates of past month use of tobacco, alcohol,
or illicit drugs were generally lower among team sports participants
than nonparticipants. However, the rate of past month smokeless
tobacco use was higher among team sports participants than
nonparticipants. See
The NHSDA Report:
Team
Sports Participation and Substance Use Among Youths.
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An
estimated 66.8 million Americans reported using a tobacco product in the past
month in 1999, a prevalence rate of 30.2 percent for the population aged 12
years old or older. Of this total, 57.0 million (25.8 percent) smoked
cigarettes, 12.1 million (5.5 percent) smoked cigars, 7.6 million (3.4 percent)
used smokeless tobacco, and 2.4 million (1.1 percent) smoked tobacco in
pipes. See
Tobacco Use in
America: Findings from the 1999 National Household Survey on Drug Abuse
(PDF format 3KB).
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Whites
were more likely than Hispanics, blacks, and Asians to report driving
under the influence of alcohol during the past year. See
The NHSDA Report: Alcohol
Use .
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In 2000, an estimated 568,000 persons aged 55
or older had used illicit drugs in the past month and over 5 million
were "binge" alcohol users, including more than 1 million
who were heavy alcohol users. See The NHSDA Report:
Substance Use Among Older Adults.
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In 1999,
about four percent of the pregnant women and
eight percent of women who were not pregnant used an illicit drug in
the past month. Illicit drug-using women, regardless of
pregnancy status, were more likely to use marijuana than any other
drug. See The NHSDA Report:
Pregnancy and Illicit Drug Use.
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