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Utilization of Tax Incentives for Retirement Saving
August 2003		 PDF



APPENDIX
B
Detailed Tabulations by Age, Income,
and Marital Status/Earner Role

The tables in the body of this report contain distributions by age, income, and marital status/earner role without showing how one category might be correlated with another. This appendix presents the complete cross-tabulations for the following variables (the text tables with the corresponding summary information are shown in parentheses):

Table B-1: Number of workers (Tables 2, 3, and 4);

Table B-2: Percentage of workers contributing to a 401(k)-type plan (Table 3);

Table B-3: Percentage of workers contributing to an individual retirement account (IRA) (Table 4);

Table B-4: Percentage of workers participating in any tax-deferred retirement plan (Table 2);

Table B-5: Average contribution to a 401(k) or 403(b) plan (Table 5); and

Table B-6: Average contribution to an IRA (Table 5).

Table B-7 cross-tabulates the number of nonearning spouses in one-earner families, the percentage of nonearning spouses contributing to an IRA, and their average IRA contribution by age and income group.

                       
Table B-1.
Number of Workers Eligible for Tax-Deferred Retirement Saving in 1997
(In thousands)
Adjusted Gross Income Group Under 30 30 to 44 45 to 59 60 and Over All Ages
Single Earners
Under $20,000 23,167.3   9,223.0   3,885.9   2,159.2   38,435.4  
$20,000 to < $40,000 5,524.1   7,388.2   3,846.5   971.0   17,729.7  
$40,000 to < $80,000 874.4   3,126.3   2,416.8   505.2   6,922.6  
$80,000 to < $120,000 58.1   337.1   301.7   96.0   792.8  
$120,000 to < $160,000 11.7   102.6   84.2   27.0   225.6  
$160,000 and Over 19.3   104.4   117.2   40.9   281.7  
  All Income Groups 29,654.9   20,281.5   10,652.2   3,799.1   64,387.8  
 
Married/Sole Earners
Under $20,000 871.8   1,625.1   1,172.1   1,336.9   5,006.0  
$20,000 to < $40,000 793.7   2,002.1   1,569.9   1,000.2   5,365.9  
$40,000 to < $80,000 299.2   2,272.5   1,930.1   1,076.8   5,578.6  
$80,000 to < $120,000 32.4   520.7   529.1   348.0   1,430.1  
$120,000 to < $160,000 9.7   200.1   223.2   127.5   560.5  
$160,000 and Over 8.6   357.9   413.2   233.8   1,013.5  
  All Income Groups 2,015.3   6,978.4   5,837.6   4,123.2   18,954.5  
 
Married/Primary Earners
Under $20,000 344.4   399.1   284.7   146.1   1,174.3  
$20,000 to < $40,000 1,401.9   2,003.9   1,169.4   310.6   4,885.8  
$40,000 to < $80,000 1,867.2   6,126.4   3,754.7   573.7   12,322.1  
$80,000 to < $120,000 312.8   1,870.6   1,897.0   214.0   4,294.4  
$120,000 to < $160,000 53.4   506.3   516.7   79.0   1,155.4  
$160,000 and Over 32.4   456.6   591.2   115.4   1,195.5  
  All Income Groups 4,012.1   11,362.9   8,213.7   1,438.8   25,027.5  
 
Married/Secondary Earners
Under $20,000 352.8   409.4   264.0   148.2   1,174.3  
$20,000 to < $40,000 1,674.1   1,859.1   1,055.0   297.6   4,885.8  
$40,000 to < $80,000 2,455.4   6,176.1   3,215.2   475.4   12,322.1  
$80,000 to < $120,000 457.9   2,089.6   1,572.3   174.6   4,294.4  
$120,000 to < $160,000 95.0   518.0   483.5   58.9   1,155.4  
$160,000 and Over 47.6   530.3   528.8   88.8   1,195.5  
  All Income Groups 5,082.8   11,582.5   7,118.7   1,243.5   25,027.5  
 
All Earners
Under $20,000 24,736.3   11,656.7   5,606.7   3,790.3   45,790.1  
$20,000 to < $40,000 9,393.7   13,253.2   7,640.7   2,579.4   32,867.1  
$40,000 to < $80,000 5,496.2   17,701.3   11,316.8   2,631.0   37,145.3  
$80,000 to < $120,000 861.1   4,817.9   4,300.1   832.5   10,811.6  
$120,000 to < $160,000 169.9   1,327.1   1,307.6   292.5   3,097.0  
$160,000 and Over 107.9   1,449.2   1,650.3   478.8   3,686.2  
  All Income Groups 40,765.2   50,205.4   31,822.2   10,604.6   133,397.3  
Source: Congressional Budget Office tabulations of 1997 tax information returns.
                       
Table B-2.
Percentage of Workers Contributing to 401(k)-Type Plans in 1997
Adjusted Gross Income Group Under 30 30 to 44 45 to 59 60 and Over All Ages
Single Earners
Under $20,000 3.6   9.6   10.3   5.7   5.8  
$20,000 to < $40,000 30.6   36.5   36.7   24.7   34.1  
$40,000 to < $80,000 54.5   52.2   50.7   29.1   50.3  
$80,000 to < $120,000 57.0   59.0   53.4   25.0   52.6  
$120,000 to < $160,000 43.6   49.7   47.6   20.4   45.1  
$160,000 and Over 51.3   46.0   43.9   21.5   42.0  
  All Income Groups 10.3   27.1   30.9   14.4   19.3  
 
Married/Sole Earners
Under $20,000 5.3   7.6   7.2   5.8   6.6  
$20,000 to < $40,000 25.3   22.0   26.5   14.4   22.4  
$40,000 to < $80,000 44.8   44.8   43.4   26.3   40.7  
$80,000 to < $120,000 32.1   55.5   47.8   25.0   44.7  
$120,000 to < $160,000 15.5   59.6   46.7   30.4   47.1  
$160,000 and Over 39.5   48.9   49.6   23.4   43.2  
  All Income Groups 19.6   31.0   32.6   16.6   27.2  
 
Married/Primary Earners
Under $20,000 3.8   6.2   7.0   10.1   6.2  
$20,000 to < $40,000 25.4   23.7   23.3   21.0   23.9  
$40,000 to < $80,000 43.8   46.7   47.2   37.1   46.0  
$80,000 to < $120,000 69.3   65.1   62.5   45.0   63.3  
$120,000 to < $160,000 73.6   64.5   62.8   41.0   62.6  
$160,000 and Over 68.2   57.6   53.0   27.0   52.7  
  All Income Groups 36.5   45.5   47.3   31.4   43.8  
 
Married/Secondary Earners
Under $20,000 4.3   3.2   5.9   0.9   3.8  
$20,000 to < $40,000 9.1   11.1   11.8   7.7   10.3  
$40,000 to < $80,000 30.2   29.6   29.3   19.2   29.2  
$80,000 to < $120,000 50.3   43.7   48.7   31.6   45.8  
$120,000 to < $160,000 48.6   47.4   46.7   30.9   46.4  
$160,000 and Over 53.4   45.6   38.7   16.8   40.7  
  All Income Groups 23.8   29.8   32.0   16.4   28.5  
 
All Earners
Under $20,000 3.7   8.9   9.3   5.7   5.9  
$20,000 to < $40,000 25.6   28.8   29.1   18.3   27.1  
$40,000 to < $80,000 39.5   41.5   42.2   27.9   40.4  
$80,000 to < $120,000 57.0   54.4   55.0   31.5   53.1  
$120,000 to < $160,000 54.2   55.9   53.1   32.4   52.4  
$160,000 and Over 56.4   50.2   46.9   22.9   45.4  
  All Income Groups 15.0   32.4   35.7   17.8   26.7  
Source: Congressional Budget Office tabulations of 1997 tax information returns.
                       
Table B-3.
Percentage of Workers Contributing to Individual Retirement Accounts in 1997
Adjusted Gross Income Group Under 30 30 to 44 45 to 59 60 and Over All Ages
Single Earners
Under $20,000 1.4   2.3   4.9   2.9   2.1  
$20,000 to < $40,000 4.5   5.9   9.7   10.4   6.6  
$40,000 to < $80,000 9.8   8.3   10.6   8.6   9.3  
$80,000 to < $120,000 11.9   11.7   20.6   12.7   15.2  
$120,000 to < $160,000 16.2   25.0   24.9   11.1   22.9  
$160,000 and Over 22.8   19.4   19.4   7.8   18.0  
  All Income Groups 2.3   4.9   8.7   5.9   4.4  
 
Married/Sole Earners
Under $20,000 0.6   3.1   4.3   5.4   3.5  
$20,000 to < $40,000 2.5   5.0   9.0   12.2   7.1  
$40,000 to < $80,000 2.8   6.5   10.7   11.2   8.7  
$80,000 to < $120,000 3.1   10.0   12.0   10.9   10.8  
$120,000 to < $160,000 26.8   11.1   19.7   14.9   15.7  
$160,000 and Over 16.3   16.2   17.2   11.7   15.6  
  All Income Groups 1.9   6.2   9.9   9.7   7.6  
 
Married/Primary Earners
Under $20,000 1.3   4.1   6.5   10.3   4.6  
$20,000 to < $40,000 2.5   6.2   12.1   17.3   7.2  
$40,000 to < $80,000 3.5   5.2   7.2   13.2   5.9  
$80,000 to < $120,000 10.6   7.2   9.2   12.7   8.6  
$120,000 to < $160,000 13.9   10.2   16.5   21.5   13.9  
$160,000 and Over 9.9   14.6   20.3   17.0   17.5  
  All Income Groups 3.7   6.3   9.9   14.5   7.5  
 
Married/Secondary Earners
Under $20,000 0.1   3.6   6.5   10.5   4.1  
$20,000 to < $40,000 1.6   4.4   9.7   16.7   5.3  
$40,000 to < $80,000 3.0   4.9   6.9   11.8   5.3  
$80,000 to < $120,000 7.2   6.7   9.5   14.2   8.1  
$120,000 to < $160,000 12.8   9.8   13.7   22.4   12.3  
$160,000 and Over 11.3   16.0   19.0   22.6   17.6  
  All Income Groups 3.0   5.8   9.2   14.4   6.6  
 
All Earners
Under $20,000 1.4   2.5   4.9   4.4   2.4  
$20,000 to < $40,000 3.5   5.6   9.9   12.7   6.6  
$40,000 to < $80,000 4.3   5.8   8.4   11.2   6.8  
$80,000 to < $120,000 8.6   7.6   10.5   12.3   9.2  
$120,000 to < $160,000 14.2   11.3   16.5   17.8   14.3  
$160,000 and Over 13.3   15.9   19.0   14.7   17.0  
  All Income Groups 2.5   5.6   9.3   9.5   5.9  
Source: Congressional Budget Office tabulations of 1997 tax information returns.
                       
Table B-4.
Percentage of Workers Participating in Any Tax-Deferred Retirement Plan in 1997
Adjusted Gross Income Group Under 30 30 to 44 45 to 59 60 and Over All Ages
Single Earners
Under $20,000 18.5   28.0   28.5   20.3   21.9  
$20,000 to < $40,000 59.2   66.8   69.5   55.0   64.3  
$40,000 to < $80,000 80.3   82.3   84.5   57.6   81.0  
$80,000 to < $120,000 80.7   87.5   85.1   46.4   81.1  
$120,000 to < $160,000 66.7   84.3   77.6   44.1   76.1  
$160,000 and Over 73.6   78.9   76.0   54.8   73.8  
  All Income Groups 28.1   52.0   58.5   35.3   41.1  
 
Married/Sole Earners
Under $20,000 24.6   21.6   25.9   22.5   23.4  
$20,000 to < $40,000 56.2   52.9   55.9   39.2   51.7  
$40,000 to < $80,000 71.7   73.2   76.3   53.5   70.4  
$80,000 to < $120,000 48.8   81.0   79.4   50.1   72.2  
$120,000 to < $160,000 69.1   82.0   79.8   58.4   75.5  
$160,000 and Over 62.8   78.4   79.7   53.4   73.0  
  All Income Groups 44.8   56.4   61.4   39.8   53.1  
 
Married/Primary Earners
Under $20,000 23.9   23.0   27.6   35.6   25.9  
$20,000 to < $40,000 53.8   52.4   56.5   50.2   53.6  
$40,000 to < $80,000 73.1   76.2   78.1   68.5   76.0  
$80,000 to < $120,000 85.9   87.1   88.0   75.4   86.8  
$120,000 to < $160,000 92.9   86.8   86.0   72.0   85.7  
$160,000 and Over 88.3   84.6   83.6   60.5   81.9  
  All Income Groups 63.5   72.8   76.5   61.8   71.9  
 
Married/Secondary Earners
Under $20,000 9.8   13.8   20.5   17.9   14.6  
$20,000 to < $40,000 29.7   29.3   36.1   32.1   31.1  
$40,000 to < $80,000 58.1   56.5   59.0   45.6   57.1  
$80,000 to < $120,000 76.1   69.9   75.5   61.7   72.3  
$120,000 to < $160,000 69.8   73.8   74.1   63.7   73.1  
$160,000 and Over 78.2   75.5   71.9   51.2   72.2  
  All Income Groups 47.4   54.7   59.8   42.6   54.1  
 
All Earners
Under $20,000 18.7   26.4   27.5   21.6   22.0  
$20,000 to < $40,000 52.9   57.2   60.1   45.6   55.7  
$40,000 to < $80,000 67.4   70.0   73.7   56.2   69.8  
$80,000 to < $120,000 78.9   79.0   82.2   58.6   78.7  
$120,000 to < $160,000 76.8   80.8   80.0   61.7   78.4  
$160,000 and Over 79.2   79.3   78.3   54.8   75.7  
  All Income Groups 34.8   57.9   64.0   41.5   51.0  
Source: Congressional Budget Office tabulations of 1997 tax information returns.
                       
Table B-5.
Average Employee Contribution to a 401(k)-Type Plan in 1997
(In dollars)
Adjusted Gross Income Group Under 30 30 to 44 45 to 59 60 and Over All Ages
Single Earners
Under $20,000 442   552   861   627   570  
$20,000 to < $40,000 1,397   1,510   1,921   2,034   1,596  
$40,000 to < $80,000 2,910   3,375   3,856   4,410   3,524  
$80,000 to < $120,000 6,127   5,452   5,356   6,058   5,502  
$120,000 to < $160,000 4,647   6,890   8,504   9,036   7,523  
$160,000 and Over 6,071   7,521   8,029   9,466   7,765  
  All Income Groups 1,442   2,154   2,856   2,719   2,190  
 
Married/Sole Earners
Under $20,000 434   914   948   1,017   881  
$20,000 to < $40,000 1,303   1,453   1,878   1,873   1,626  
$40,000 to < $80,000 2,597   3,158   3,563   3,661   3,337  
$80,000 to < $120,000 3,212   5,380   5,353   5,224   5,314  
$120,000 to < $160,000 7,467   6,135   7,069   5,437   6,407  
$160,000 and Over 8,441   8,120   8,145   7,190   8,018  
  All Income Groups 1,776   3,544   4,002   3,567   3,580  
 
Married/Primary Earners
Under $20,000 323   1,547   2,080   824   1,326  
$20,000 to < $40,000 977   1,224   1,621   1,573   1,261  
$40,000 to < $80,000 1,875   2,359   3,013   3,169   2,524  
$80,000 to < $120,000 3,676   4,446   4,824   4,910   4,566  
$120,000 to < $160,000 5,059   5,695   6,169   5,463   5,863  
$160,000 and Over 7,380   7,497   7,723   7,183   7,590  
  All Income Groups 2,078   3,216   4,107   3,673   3,398  
 
Married/Secondary Earners
Under $20,000 179   831   929   615   638  
$20,000 to < $40,000 438   625   1,047   755   679  
$40,000 to < $80,000 1,045   1,389   1,880   1,532   1,450  
$80,000 to < $120,000 2,157   2,806   3,203   3,455   2,903  
$120,000 to < $160,000 3,342   4,084   4,193   3,005   4,029  
$160,000 and Over 4,075   5,228   5,305   4,826   5,188  
  All Income Groups 1,321   2,178   2,810   2,333   2,239  
 
All Earners
Under $20,000 436   622   924   780   630  
$20,000 to < $40,000 1,266   1,420   1,828   1,859   1,504  
$40,000 to < $80,000 1,863   2,454   3,102   3,404   2,621  
$80,000 to < $120,000 3,120   4,053   4,392   4,813   4,148  
$120,000 to < $160,000 4,213   5,315   5,795   5,181   5,451  
$160,000 and Over 5,836   6,895   7,217   7,043   7,015  
  All Income Groups 1,592   2,681   3,466   3,213   2,772  
Source: Congressional Budget Office tabulations of 1997 tax information returns.
                       
Table B-6.
Average Employee Contribution to an Individual Retirement Account in 1997
(In dollars)
Adjusted Gross Income Group Under 30 30 to 44 45 to 59 60 and Over All Ages
Single Earners
Under $20,000 1,457   1,476   1,492   1,704   1,490  
$20,000 to < $40,000 1,418   1,398   1,544   1,617   1,468  
$40,000 to < $80,000 1,529   1,595   1,732   1,919   1,663  
$80,000 to < $120,000 1,304   1,766   1,925   1,803   1,824  
$120,000 to < $160,000 2,053   1,930   1,957   2,033   1,948  
$160,000 and Over 1,841   1,828   1,828   1,906   1,830  
  All Income Groups 1,455   1,503   1,627   1,718   1,549  
 
Married/Sole Earners
Under $20,000 1,196   1,338   1,620   1,538   1,493  
$20,000 to < $40,000 934   1,339   1,736   1,715   1,585  
$40,000 to < $80,000 1,714   1,407   1,526   1,628   1,519  
$80,000 to < $120,000 2,000   1,906   1,829   1,456   1,764  
$120,000 to < $160,000 2,769   1,833   1,827   1,816   1,854  
$160,000 and Over 2,071   1,919   1,939   1,985   1,941  
  All Income Groups 1,334   1,535   1,693   1,656   1,626  
 
Married/Primary Earners
Under $20,000 756   1,473   1,875   1,147   1,461  
$20,000 to < $40,000 765   1,433   1,690   1,937   1,548  
$40,000 to < $80,000 1,191   1,378   1,481   1,690   1,431  
$80,000 to < $120,000 1,811   1,678   1,793   1,860   1,758  
$120,000 to < $160,000 1,500   1,816   1,879   1,812   1,836  
$160,000 and Over 1,875   1,948   1,963   2,046   1,964  
  All Income Groups 1,250   1,532   1,707   1,780   1,613  
 
Married/Secondary Earners
Under $20,000 1,750   1,616   1,314   1,564   1,495  
$20,000 to < $40,000 1,224   1,584   1,669   1,649   1,593  
$40,000 to < $80,000 1,157   1,318   1,550   1,692   1,410  
$80,000 to < $120,000 1,706   1,792   1,757   1,992   1,783  
$120,000 to < $160,000 1,820   1,831   1,811   2,015   1,838  
$160,000 and Over 1,722   1,889   1,879   1,851   1,876  
  All Income Groups 1,365   1,566   1,686   1,752   1,615  
 
All Earners
Under $20,000 1,444   1,459   1,530   1,568   1,489  
$20,000 to < $40,000 1,306   1,416   1,624   1,712   1,517  
$40,000 to < $80,000 1,323   1,419   1,574   1,699   1,502  
$80,000 to < $120,000 1,720   1,764   1,804   1,734   1,776  
$120,000 to < $160,000 1,842   1,844   1,856   1,877   1,854  
$160,000 and Over 1,839   1,907   1,921   1,959   1,918  
  All Income Groups 1,407   1,530   1,675   1,713   1,593  
Source: Congressional Budget Office tabulations of 1997 tax information returns.
                       
Table B-7.
Contributions to Individual Retirement Accounts by Nonearning Spouses in 1997
Adjusted Gross Income Group Under 30 30 to 44 45 to 59 60 and Over All Ages
Number of Nonearning Spouses (Thousands)
Under $20,000 1,184   1,469   1,186   1,264   5,006  
$20,000 to < $40,000 1,193   1,821   1,538   922   5,366  
$40,000 to < $80,000 594   2,245   1,877   967   5,579  
$80,000 to < $120,000 62   578   502   317   1,430  
$120,000 to < $160,000 37   219   202   112   561  
$160,000 and Over 28   417   393   195   1,014  
  All Income Groups 3,096   6,744   5,703   3,790   18,955  
 
Percentage of Nonearning Spouses Contributing to an IRA
Under $20,000 0.8   2.1   2.9   2.4   2.1  
$20,000 to < $40,000 2.0   3.4   7.6   7.1   5.0  
$40,000 to < $80,000 4.6   5.9   8.3   8.3   7.1  
$80,000 to < $120,000 6.3   8.4   11.4   11.3   10.2  
$120,000 to < $160,000 16.2   10.3   18.1   11.9   14.0  
$160,000 and Over 17.7   14.2   16.2   10.4   14.6  
  All Income Groups 2.4   5.3   8.2   6.5   6.0  
 
Average Contribution (Dollars)
Under $20,000 1,483   1,590   1,687   1,662   1,632  
$20,000 to < $40,000 1,164   1,616   1,467   1,567   1,499  
$40,000 to < $80,000 1,443   1,425   1,512   1,514   1,479  
$80,000 to < $120,000 1,487   1,632   1,802   1,351   1,625  
$120,000 to < $160,000 1,780   1,637   1,713   1,827   1,716  
$160,000 and Over 1,714   1,892   1,848   1,882   1,864  
  All Income Groups 1,406   1,592   1,611   1,569   1,583  
Source: Congressional Budget Office tabulations of 1997 tax information returns.
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