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Expanding the Reach and Impact of
Consumer e-Health Tools

June 2006

Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion logo

Table of Contents
Executive Summary (Stand-Alone)
Acknowledgments
Preface: A Vision of e-Health Benefits for All
Executive Summary
Chapter 1. Introduction
Chapter 2. Mapping Diversity to Understand Users’ Requirements for e-Health Tools
Chapter 3. Assessing the Evidence Base for e-Health Tools for Diverse Users
Chapter 4. Strategic Factors in Realizing the Potential of e-Health
Chapter 5. Partnerships for Meaningful Access
Conclusion
Appendix 1. Environmental Scan of 40 e-HealthTools
Appendix 2. Project Interviewees, Experts Consulted, and Reviewers
Appendix 3. Chapter 3 Literature Review Summary
References

< Back to Appendix 4 (Asthma)

Appendix 4. A Comparison of Internet Use and Health Status of Populations That Experience Health Disparities (Part 5)

4. Cancer

4.1 Race and Ethnicity

Blacks/African Americans face significant disparities in mortality due to cancer (Figure 20), and as illustrated in Figure 19, they have the lowest rates of Internet use.

Figure 19

Figure 19 depicts data for the following eight racial/ethnic groups: (1) American Indian/Native American, (2) Asian or Pacific Islander, (3) Black or African American, (4) White, (5) Hispanic or Latino, (6) Not Hispanic or Latino, (7) Not Hispanic or Latino, Black or African American, and (8) Not Hispanic or Latino, White. Figure 19 compares percentage of individuals from different racial and ethnic populations that go online to access the Internet/WWW or to send/receive email and shows that Not Hispanic or Latino Blacks or African Americans (46.4%), Blacks or African Americans (46.7%), American Indians/Native Americans (52.4%), and Hispanics or Latinos (58.0%), have lower rates of Internet use compared to Asians or Pacific Islanders (74.3%), Whites (60.5%), Not Hispanic or Latino Whites (60.5%), and Not Hispanics or Latinos (59.3%).d

Source: Pew Internet & American Life Project’s Daily Internet Tracking Survey,
2002–2003


Figure 20

Figure 20 depicts data for the following eight racial/ethnic groups: (1) American Indian/Native American, (2) Asian or Pacific Islander, (3) Black or African American, (4) White, (5) Hispanic or Latino, (6) Not Hispanic or Latino, (7) Not Hispanic or Latino, Black or African American, and (8) Not Hispanic or Latino, White. The figure compares overall cancer deaths by race and ethnicity and shows that the age-adjusted prevalence rate per 100,000 population is greater in Not Hispanic or Latino Blacks or African Americans (246.2%), Blacks or African Americans (242.6%), Not Hispanics or Latinos (199.4%), and Not Hispanic or Latino Whites (197.1%) than in Whites (193.5%), American Indians/Native Americans (131.0), Hispanics or Latinos (131.0), and Asians or Pacific Islanders (118.8).d

Source: CDC Wonder. DATA2010…the Healthy People 2010 Database.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, January 2004

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4.2 Gender

Males have slightly higher rates of overall death due to cancer compared to females (Figure 22). Again, differences in Internet use do not appear to differ largely between males and females (Figure 21).

Figure 21

Figures 21 compares percentage of individuals by gender who go online to access the Internet/WWW or to send/receive email and shows that more males (61.6%) use the Internet than females (56.7%).d

Source: Pew Internet & American Life Project's Daily Internet Tracking Survey,
2002-2003


Figure 22

Figure 22 compares overall cancer deaths by gender and shows that the age-adjusted mortality rate per 100,000 population is greater for males (242.8%) than for females (164.5%).d

Source: CDC Wonder. DATA2010…the Healthy People 2010 Database.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, January 2004

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4.3 Education Level

Those with lower levels of education experience much higher rates of death due to cancer but have lower rates of Internet use compared to those with higher levels of education (Figures 23 and 24).

Figure 23

Figure 23 compares percentage of individuals by education level who go online to access the Internet/WWW or to send/receive email and shows that individuals with lower education levels (23.8% with less than high school and 46.5% high school graduate) have lower rates of Internet use compared to individuals with higher education levels (76.2% with at least some college).d

Source: Pew Internet & American Life Project's Daily Internet Tracking Survey,
2002-2003


Figure 24

Figure 24 compares overall cancer deaths by education and shows that the age-adjusted mortality rate per 1000,000 population is greater for high school graduates (135.3%) than for individuals with less than a high school education (134.5%) or at least some college (72.4%).d

Source: CDC Wonder. DATA2010…the Healthy People 2010 Database.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, January 2004

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