The National Agricultural Workers Survey, Employment & Training Administration (ETA)

Findings from the National Agricultural Workers Survey (NAWS) 2001 - 2002
A Demographic and Employment Profile of United States Farm Workers

Entire Report in PDF Format Size: 964 KB

TABLE OF CONTENTS

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

INTRODUCTION
Topics Covered
Survey Method

CHAPTER 1: Birthplace, Employment Eligibility, and Migrant Types
      Summary of Findings
      Place of Birth
      Ethnicity and Race
      Foreign-born Workers' First Arrival to the United States
      Employment Eligibility
      Migrant Types
      International Migrants
      Domestic Migrants

CHAPTER 2: Demographics, Family Size, and Household Structure
      Summary of Findings
      Gender
      Age
      Marital Status and Family Type
      Household Structure

CHAPTER 3: Education, Literacy, and English Skills
      Summary of Findings
      Native Language
      Education
      Adult Education
      English Language Skills

CHAPTER 4: Labor Force Participation
      Summary of Findings
      Number of U.S. Farm Employers in Previous 12 Months
      Measuring Labor Force Participation
      Time Employed and Not Employed
      Farm Workdays
      Farm Work Experience
      Plans to Remain in Farm Work

CHAPTER 5: Farm Job Characteristics
      Summary of Findings
      Type of Employer
      Crop and Task of Farm Jobs
      Recruitment and Retention
      Hours Worked and Basis for Pay
      Wages
      Monetary Bonuses and Insurance Benefits
      Housing
      Worksite Availability of Water and Toilets
      Distance to Work and Transportation
      Tools and Equipment

CHAPTER 6: Income, Assets, and Use of Public Programs
      Summary of Findings
      Income
      Assets
      Contribution- and Needs-Based Programs

APPENDIX A: Statistical Procedures
NAWS Weighting Procedure
Determining Confidence Intervals

APPENDIX B: Index of Means and Percentages of Key Variables

FOOTNOTES

TABLES

Table 1.1	Change in Migrant Types: 1993-1994 and 2001-2002 Compared
Table 2.1	Average Age by Select Demographic Characteristics
Table 2.2	Migrant Types: Crop Workers Living Apart from their Children
Table 3.1	English Speaking and Reading Ability by Place of Birth and Ethnicity
Table 4.1	Weeks of Activity by Legal Status
Table 4.2	Weeks Employed and Not Employed by Age Group
Table 4.3	Farm Workdays by Number of U.S. Farm Employers and Years of U.S. Farm Experience
Table 5.1	Primary Crop at Current Farm Job
Table 5.2	Primary Crop by Employment Type
Table 5.3	Primary Task at Current Farm Job
Table 5.4	Primary Task by Employment Type
Table 5.5	Job Characteristics: Foreign-born Newcomers and All Other Workers
Table 5.6	Basis for Pay by Crop Type
Table 5.7	Basis for Pay by Task Type
Table 5.8	Average Hourly Earnings
Table 5.9	Average Hourly Wages of Crop Workers, Nominal and Real (2002) Dollars, Calendar Years 1993-2002
Table 5.10	Insurance Benefits: Overall and by Seasonality, with Current Farm Employer
Table 5.11	Housing Arrangement, by Worker Type
Table 5.12	Housing Location, by Worker Type
Table 5.13	Housing Type, by Worker Type
Table 5.14	Worksite Availability of Water and Toilets
Table 5.15	Transportation to Work, by Worker Type
Table 5.16	Payment for Tools and Equipment, by Employment Type
Table 6.1	Family Incomes below Poverty, by Family Size
Table 6.2	Households Receiving Payments from Contribution-Based Programs
Table 6.3	Households Receiving Benefits from Needs-Based Programs
Table A.1.	Confidence Intervals for Continuous Variables

FIGURES

Figure 1.1	Place of Birth
Figure 1.2	Foreign-born Workers: Years Passed Since First U.S. Arrival
Figure 1.3	Years Since First U.S. Arrival by Birthplace
Figure 1.4	U.S. Employment Eligibility
Figure 2.1	Legal Status by Gender
Figure 2.2	Age Distribution of Hired Crop Workers
Figure 2.3	Age Distribution by Legal Status
Figure 2.4	Family Type
Figure 2.5	Number of Children of Hired Crop Farm Workers
Figure 2.6	Cohabitation of Farm Worker Parent and Minor Children
Figure 3.1	Native Language
Figure 3.2	Highest Grade Completed by Place of Birth
Figure 3.3	Highest Grade Completed by Foreign-born Newcomers
Figure 3.4	Participation in Adult Education
Figure 3.5	Adult Education by Highest Grade Completed
Figure 4.1	Number of U.S. Farm Employers in Previous 12 Months
Figure 4.2	Time Employed and Not Employed
Figure 4.3	Farm Workdays by Legal Status
Figure 4.4	Farm Work Experience by Legal Status
Figure 5.1	Legal Status by Employment Type
Figure 5.2	Number of Years Working for Current Farm Employer
Figure 5.3	Employment Seasonality by Years with Current Farm Employer
Figure 5.4	Crop Workers' Average Hourly Wages, Nominal and Real (2002) Dollars, Calendar Years 1993-2002
Figure 6.1	U.S. Individual Income from All Sources
Figure 6.2	Farm Workers' Assets in the United States
Figure 6.3	Foreign-born Workers' Assets in Foreign Country