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Project 3 -- Inhalation Exposure Assessment of San Joaquin Valley Aerosol

EPA Grant Number: R832414C003
Subproject: this is subproject number 003 , established and managed by the Center Director under grant R832414
(EPA does not fund or establish subprojects; EPA awards and manages the overall grant for this center).
Center: San Joaquin Valley Aerosol Health Effects Research Center (SAHERC)
Center Director: Wexler, Anthony S.
Title: Project 3 -- Inhalation Exposure Assessment of San Joaquin Valley Aerosol
Investigators: Pinkerton, Kent E. , Bonham, Ann , Kleeman, Michael J.
Institution: University of California - Davis
EPA Project Officer: Stacey Katz/Gail Robarge,
Project Period: October 1, 2005 through September 30, 2010
RFA: Particulate Matter Research Centers (2004)
Research Category: Particulate Matter

Description:

Objective:

Epidemiological evidence suggests that the association between cardiac mortality and PM10 concentrations changes between the summer and winter months in the San Joaquin Valley. This shift is likely caused by seasonal variation in the size and composition distribution of airborne particles. This project will perform inhalation exposure and particle characterization studies at rural and urban locations in the summer and winter months to quantify the features of the airborne particles that are associated with adverse health effects.

Approach:

Inhalation exposure studies will be carried out using mice that are exposed to ambient airborne particles and concentrated ambient airborne particles in the San Joaquin Valley. Exposures will be conducted in the summer and winter in both an urban and rural location to take advantage of the changes that occur in particle chemical composition and size distribution as a function of season and location. Heart rate variability, lung inflammation, and markers for oxidative stress will be monitored. Collocated measurements of PM2.5 and PM0.1 composition will be made to quantify health effects associated with chemical composition and support source apportionment calculations. Inhalation studies of direct emissions will be conducted for the dominant sources of PM2.5 and PM0.1 that are identified during ambient studies. Based on our results, we will postulate possible mechanisms for health effects and test these using laboratory studies and simple model particles.

Expected Results:

We will identify the composition and size fraction of the airborne particles that cause adverse health effects in the San Joaquin Valley. The source origin of these unhealthy particles will be determined using source apportionment calculations. These findings will support an improved mechanistic understanding of how airborne particles cause negative health effects.

Publications and Presentations:

Publications have been submitted on this subproject: View all 5 publications for this subproject | View all 19 publications for this center

Journal Articles:

Journal Articles have been submitted on this subproject: View all 4 journal articles for this subproject | View all 10 journal articles for this center

Supplemental Keywords:

cardiopulmonary, ultrafine particles, histology, immunohistochemistry, microassay, biology, pathology, physics, engineering, nanotechnology, metabolism, bioavailability, chemical mass balance model, ammonium, nitrates, sulfates, carbon, biochemistry, particulate matter, ambient air, ozone, sensitive populations, agriculture, transportation, , Air, Scientific Discipline, Health, RFA, PHYSICAL ASPECTS, Risk Assessments, Health Risk Assessment, Physical Processes, particulate matter, Environmental Chemistry, cardiovascular disease, inhalation, cardiac arrest, San Joaquin Valley, human health risk, lung injury, oxidative stress, acute cardiovascular effects, ambient particle health effects, airway disease, lung disease, exposure, long term exposure, airborne particulate matter, ambient aerosol, human exposure, PM

Progress and Final Reports:
2006 Progress Report
2007 Progress Report
2008 Progress Report


Main Center Abstract and Reports:
R832414    San Joaquin Valley Aerosol Health Effects Research Center (SAHERC)

Subprojects under this Center: (EPA does not fund or establish subprojects; EPA awards and manages the overall grant for this center).
R832414C001 Project 1 -- Pulmonary Metabolic Response
R832414C002 Endothelial Cell Responses to PM—In Vitro and In Vivo
R832414C003 Project 3 -- Inhalation Exposure Assessment of San Joaquin Valley Aerosol
R832414C004 Project 4 -- Transport and Fate Particles
R832414C005 Project 5 -- Architecture Development and Particle Deposition

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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoints of the principal investigator and may not represent the views and policies of ORD and EPA. Conclusions drawn by the principal investigators have not been reviewed by the Agency.

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