\relax \newlabel{FirstPage}{{}{1}{}{}{}} \citation{snolatest} \citation{superk} \citation{EPP:collaboration} \newlabel{intro}{{I}{5}{}{}{}} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {section}{\numberline {I}Introduction}{5}{}} \citation{PREFACE:budker} \citation{PREFACE:skrinsky} \citation{INTRO:ref3} \citation{INTRO:ref4} \citation{PREFACE:palmer} \citation{EPP:collaboration} \citation{endnote162} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {A}History}{6}{}} \citation{INTRO:ref7} \citation{king94} \citation{rajageer} \citation{geer} \citation{non-osc} \citation{INTRO:ref13} \citation{INTRO:ref14} \citation{nufact01} \citation{nufact02} \citation{nufact03} \citation{europenf} \citation{japannf} \citation{mice-prop} \citation{INTRO:ref12} \citation{INTRO:ref1} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {B}Feasibility Studies}{7}{}} \citation{INTRO:ref9} \citation{superbeams} \citation{EPP:studyii} \citation{INTRO:ref9} \citation{superbeams} \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {1}{\ignorespaces Muon decays in a straight section \textit {vs.} muon energy}}{9}{}} \newlabel{studycomp}{{1}{9}{}{}{}} \citation{DET:uno} \citation{landd} \citation{ICARUS} \newlabel{NFsection}{{I\tmspace +\thinmuskip {.1667em}C}{10}{}{}{}} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {C}Neutrino Factory Description}{10}{}} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {D}Detector}{10}{}} \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {2}{\ignorespaces Schematic of the Neutrino Factory Study-II version}}{11}{}} \newlabel{nufact-scheme-bnl}{{2}{11}{}{}{}} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {E}Staging Scenario}{11}{}} \newlabel{RDprog}{{I\tmspace +\thinmuskip {.1667em}F}{12}{}{}{}} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {F}R\&D Program}{12}{}} \citation{study2} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {G}Outline of Report}{13}{}} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {section}{\numberline {II}Physics Motivation}{13}{}} \newlabel{physics}{{II}{13}{}{}{}} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {A}Neutrino Oscillation Physics}{13}{}} \citation{sol} \citation{wolf} \citation{ms} \citation{just-so} \citation{kam} \citation{imb} \citation{sk} \citation{soudan2} \citation{macro} \citation{sk} \citation{chooz} \citation{lsnd} \citation{karmen} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {1}Evidence for Neutrino Oscillations}{14}{}} \newlabel{mident}{{1}{14}{}{}{}} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {2}Neutrino Oscillation Formalism}{15}{}} \newlabel{pab}{{3}{15}{}{}{}} \newlabel{k}{{4}{15}{}{}{}} \newlabel{delta}{{5}{15}{}{}{}} \newlabel{hierarchy}{{6}{16}{}{}{}} \newlabel{pcp}{{7}{16}{}{}{}} \newlabel{pt}{{8}{16}{}{}{}} \newlabel{pnumunutau}{{9}{16}{}{}{}} \newlabel{pnuenumu}{{10}{16}{}{}{}} \newlabel{pnuenutau}{{11}{16}{}{}{}} \newlabel{preactor}{{12}{16}{}{}{}} \citation{chooz} \citation{sk} \citation{sol} \citation{sol} \citation{anl} \citation{k2k} \citation{opera} \citation{icanoe} \citation{minicop} \citation{jhf} \citation{snolatest} \citation{unknowns} \citation{kamland} \citation{bmw-kamland} \citation{kamland1} \citation{bargermarf} \citation{fogli} \newlabel{preactoratm}{{13}{17}{}{}{}} \newlabel{chooz}{{14}{17}{}{}{}} \newlabel{thetaatm}{{15}{17}{}{}{}} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {3}Relevant Near- and Mid-Term Experiments}{17}{}} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {4}Oscillation Experiments at a Neutrino Factory }{19}{}} \newlabel{neuf}{{II\tmspace +\thinmuskip {.1667em}A\tmspace +\thinmuskip {.1667em}4}{19}{}{}{}} \@writefile{lot}{\contentsline {table}{\numberline {I}{\ignorespaces Neutrino Oscillation Modes}}{20}{}} \newlabel{tab:nu-osc-ratings}{{I}{20}{}{}{}} \citation{INTRO:ref9} \citation{zp} \citation{wolf} \citation{bppw-1980} \citation{dgh} \citation{cpv} \citation{golden} \citation{formcon} \newlabel{eventrate}{{16}{21}{}{}{}} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {5}Matter Effects}{21}{}} \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {3}{\ignorespaces Error ellipses in $\delta m^2$ sin$^2 2\theta $ space for a Neutrino Factory}}{22}{}} \newlabel{fig:30gev_disap_fit}{{3}{22}{}{}{}} \citation{barger-raja} \citation{barger-raja} \citation{INTRO:ref9} \newlabel{eq:D}{{20}{23}{}{}{}} \newlabel{eq:Ahat}{{21}{23}{}{}{}} \newlabel{eq:x}{{23}{23}{}{}{}} \newlabel{eq:y}{{24}{23}{}{}{}} \newlabel{eq:f}{{25}{23}{}{}{}} \newlabel{eq:alpha}{{26}{23}{}{}{}} \newlabel{eq:A}{{27}{23}{}{}{}} \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {4}{\ignorespaces Wrong sign muon appearance rates and sign of $\delta m^2_{32}$}}{24}{}} \newlabel{fig:hists}{{4}{24}{}{}{}} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {6}CP Violation}{24}{}} \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {5}{\ignorespaces $\delta m_{32}^2$ sign determination at a Neutrino Factory}}{25}{}} \newlabel{fig:sigmas}{{5}{25}{}{}{}} \newlabel{pnuenumudif}{{29}{25}{}{}{}} \citation{bmw-kamland} \citation{yanag} \citation{barger-entry} \citation{barger-entry} \citation{superbeams} \citation{bargersuperbeam} \citation{superbeam-peak} \citation{jhf} \citation{brighter} \citation{bargersuperbeam} \citation{superbeam-peak} \newlabel{phiijdef}{{30}{26}{}{}{}} \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {6}{\ignorespaces CP violation effects in a Neutrino Factory}}{27}{}} \newlabel{cpfig}{{6}{27}{}{}{}} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {B}Physics Potential of Superbeams}{27}{}} \citation{bargersuperbeam} \citation{superbeam-peak} \citation{superbeams} \citation{bargersuperbeam} \citation{superbeams} \citation{bargersuperbeam} \citation{bargersuperbeam} \citation{bargersuperbeam} \citation{rajageer} \citation{INTRO:ref9} \citation{cern-nonosc} \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {7}{\ignorespaces Error ellipses for superbeams for electron appearance}}{29}{}} \newlabel{fig:signdm2}{{7}{29}{}{}{}} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {C}Non-oscillation physics at a Neutrino Factory}{29}{}} \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {8}{\ignorespaces Error ellipses for Neutrino Factory for muon appearance}}{30}{}} \newlabel{fig:nufact}{{8}{30}{}{}{}} \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {9}{\ignorespaces Comparison of superbeams and Neutrino Factories}}{31}{}} \newlabel{fig:reach}{{9}{31}{}{}{}} \citation{Hincks-Pontecorvo} \citation{Garwinetal} \citation{BNLg-2} \citation{endnote163} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {D}Physics that can be done with Intense Cold Muon Beams}{32}{}} \citation{Aysto_01} \citation{Marciano97} \citation{MECO} \citation{SINDRUM} \citation{MEGA} \citation{Cooper97} \citation{Mori_99} \citation{EDMLOI} \citation{Ellis_01} \citation{tau_mu} \citation{Aysto_01} \citation{Aysto_01} \citation{Aysto_01} \citation{Aysto_01} \citation{Marciano97} \citation{Marciano97} \citation{Marciano97} \citation{Farley_90} \citation{BNLg-2} \citation{Knecht_02} \citation{Czarnecki_01} \citation{Marciano_2001} \citation{Kostelecki_00} \@writefile{lot}{\contentsline {table}{\numberline {II}{\ignorespaces Experiments which could beneficially take advantage of the intense future stopped muon source. The numbers were worked out for scenarios at a future Stopped Muon Source (SMS) of a neutrino factory at CERN \cite {Aysto_01}. They are based on a muon flux of $10^{21}$ particles per annum in which beam will be available for $10^7$ s. Typical beam requirements are given in Table\nobreakspace {}III{}{}{}\hbox {}. }}{35}{}} \newlabel{tab:LEexpts}{{II}{35}{}{}{}} \@writefile{lot}{\contentsline {table}{\numberline {III}{\ignorespaces }}{36}{}} \newlabel{tab:LE_beams}{{III}{36}{}{}{}} \citation{Kawall97} \citation{Jungmann_01} \citation{Molzon97} \citation{Liu_99} \citation{Jungmann_01} \citation{Meyer_00} \@writefile{lot}{\contentsline {table}{\numberline {IV}{\ignorespaces New physics probed by $\mu \rightarrow e$ experiments}}{37}{}} \newlabel{tab:newmuphys}{{IV}{37}{}{}{}} \citation{Hughes_60} \citation{Willmann_99} \citation{Willmann_99} \citation{Jungmann_01} \citation{Aysto_01} \citation{strasser_02} \citation{Penning_trap} \citation{Simons} \citation{Hayano_2001} \citation{bargersnow} \citation{clinehanson} \citation{INTRO:ref5} \citation{Raja:1998ip} \citation{Barger:1997jm} \citation{Barger:1995hr} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {E}Physics potential of a Low energy Muon Collider operating as a Higgs Factory}{39}{}} \citation{Barger:1997jm} \citation{Barger:1995hr} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {1}Higgs Production}{41}{}} \newlabel{rawsigform}{{32}{41}{}{}{}} \newlabel{sigform}{{34}{41}{}{}{}} \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {10}{\ignorespaces Scan of the Higgs resonance using a muon collider}}{41}{}} \newlabel{mhsmscan}{{10}{41}{}{}{}} \citation{Battaglia:2000jb} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {2}What the Muon Collider Adds to LHC and LC Data}{43}{}} \citation{Barger:1997jm} \citation{Gunion:1996cn} \@writefile{lot}{\contentsline {table}{\numberline {V}{\ignorespaces Comparison of a Higgs factory muon collider with LHC and LC}}{44}{}} \newlabel{unc-table}{{V}{44}{}{}{}} \citation{INTRO:ref5} \citation{rajawitherell} \citation{bbgh-wtt} \citation{bergerw} \citation{bbgh-wtt} \citation{bergertop} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {F}Physics Potential of a High Energy Muon Collider}{45}{}} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {1}Heavy Higgs Bosons}{45}{}} \citation{Barger:1997jm} \citation{kingnu} \citation{EPP:studyii} \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {11}{\ignorespaces Separation of $A$ and $H$ signals for $\qopname \relax o{tan}\beta =5$ and $10$}}{47}{}} \newlabel{H0-A0-sep}{{11}{47}{}{}{}} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {section}{\numberline {III} Neutrino Factory}{47}{}} \newlabel{neufact}{{III}{47}{}{}{}} \citation{FNALbooster} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {A}Proton Driver}{48}{}} \citation{FNALbooster} \citation{FNALbooster} \citation{MARSstudyii} \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {12}{\ignorespaces (Color)AGS proton driver layout.}}{49}{}} \newlabel{Proton:bnl}{{12}{49}{}{}{}} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {B}Target and Capture}{49}{}} \citation{ITERmag} \citation{MARSstudyii} \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {13}{\ignorespaces (Color)FNAL proton driver layout from Ref. \cite {FNALbooster}.}}{50}{}} \newlabel{Proton:fnal}{{13}{50}{}{}{}} \citation{Ref:ORNLtgt} \citation{EPP:studyii} \@writefile{lot}{\contentsline {table}{\numberline {VI}{\ignorespaces Proton driver parameters for BNL and FNAL designs.}}{51}{}} \newlabel{Proton:tb1}{{VI}{51}{}{}{}} \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {14}{\ignorespaces Target, capture solenoids and mercury containment }}{52}{}} \newlabel{tgtc}{{14}{52}{}{}{}} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {C}Phase Rotation}{52}{}} \citation{daarht} \@writefile{lot}{\contentsline {table}{\numberline {VII}{\ignorespaces Properties of the induction linacs used in Feasibility Study 2.}}{53}{}} \newlabel{induc}{{VII}{53}{}{}{}} \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {15}{\ignorespaces Induction cell and mini-cooling solenoid}}{53}{}} \newlabel{CandPR:fg1}{{15}{53}{}{}{}} \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {16}{\ignorespaces Evolution of the beam distribution in the phase rotation section. The graphs show the distribution before the phase rotation, after the first induction linac (top row, left to right), after mini-cooling, and after the second and third induction linacs (bottom row).}}{54}{}} \newlabel{fig:phaserot}{{16}{54}{}{}{}} \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {17}{\ignorespaces (Color)Evolution of beam in buncher. Plots are at the beginning of the buncher (top left), and at the ends of the three bunching stages (top right, bottom left, and bottom right, in that order).}}{55}{}} \newlabel{fig:buncher}{{17}{55}{}{}{}} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {D}Buncher}{55}{}} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {E}Cooling}{56}{}} \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {18}{\ignorespaces (Color)Two cells of the 1.65 m cooling lattice.}}{57}{}} \newlabel{RF:fg18.Q}{{18}{57}{}{}{}} \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {19}{\ignorespaces The transverse and longitudinal emittances}}{57}{}} \newlabel{EmittCool}{{19}{57}{}{}{}} \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {20}{\ignorespaces $\mu /p$ yield ratio for the two transverse emittance cuts}}{58}{}} \newlabel{YieldCool}{{20}{58}{}{}{}} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {F}Acceleration}{58}{}} \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {21}{\ignorespaces (Color)Accelerating system layout.}}{58}{}} \newlabel{fig:acc:layout}{{21}{58}{}{}{}} \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {22}{\ignorespaces Layouts of cryomodules.}}{59}{}} \newlabel{fig:acc:cryomod}{{22}{59}{}{}{}} \@writefile{lot}{\contentsline {table}{\numberline {VIII}{\ignorespaces Main parameters of the muon accelerator.}}{60}{}} \newlabel{tab:acc:parm}{{VIII}{60}{}{}{}} \@writefile{lot}{\contentsline {table}{\numberline {IX}{\ignorespaces Parameters for three types of linac cryomodules.}}{60}{}} \newlabel{tab:acc:linac}{{IX}{60}{}{}{}} \@writefile{lot}{\contentsline {table}{\numberline {X}{\ignorespaces Parameters for superconducting cavities.}}{61}{}} \newlabel{tab:acc:cav}{{X}{61}{}{}{}} \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {23}{\ignorespaces (Color)Layout of an RLA linac period.}}{61}{}} \newlabel{fig:acc:rlalinac}{{23}{61}{}{}{}} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {G}Storage Ring}{61}{}} \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {24}{\ignorespaces (Color)Three-dimensional view of the storage ring magnets.}}{62}{}} \newlabel{fig:sr:mag}{{24}{62}{}{}{}} \@writefile{lot}{\contentsline {table}{\numberline {XI}{\ignorespaces Muon storage ring parameters.}}{63}{}} \newlabel{SRING:tb}{{XI}{63}{}{}{}} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {H}Overall Machine Summary}{63}{}} \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {25}{\ignorespaces Muons per incident proton in the Study\nobreakspace {}II neutrino factory front end.}}{64}{}} \newlabel{fig:all:muonp}{{25}{64}{}{}{}} \@writefile{lot}{\contentsline {table}{\numberline {XII}{\ignorespaces Muon survival and losses in several sections of the Study\nobreakspace {}II neutrino factory. $\mu /p$ is the number of muons per proton at the end of that section, and ``Loss'' is the loss in that section.}}{64}{}} \newlabel{tab:all:muloss}{{XII}{64}{}{}{}} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {I}Detector}{64}{}} \citation{DET:uno} \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {26}{\ignorespaces Top view and cross section through ring and berm}}{65}{}} \newlabel{EPP:fgsection}{{26}{65}{}{}{}} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {1}Far Detector}{65}{}} \citation{DET:uno} \citation{landd} \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {27}{\ignorespaces (Color)Schematic of a Neutrino Factory at Brookhaven}}{66}{}} \newlabel{bnlsite}{{27}{66}{}{}{}} \citation{ICARUS} \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {28}{\ignorespaces Schematic of a Neutrino Factory at Fermilab}}{67}{}} \newlabel{fnalsite}{{28}{67}{}{}{}} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {2}Near Detector}{67}{}} \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {29}{\ignorespaces A possible 50 kton Steel/Scintillator/PDT detector at WIPP}}{68}{}} \newlabel{fg:steelwipp}{{29}{68}{}{}{}} \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {30}{\ignorespaces Block schematic of the UNO detector}}{68}{}} \newlabel{fg:unodet}{{30}{68}{}{}{}} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {J}Staging Options}{68}{}} \newlabel{StagingOps}{{III\tmspace +\thinmuskip {.1667em}J}{68}{}{}{}} \citation{proton-physics} \citation{low-pbar} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {1}Stage 1}{69}{}} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {2}Stage 2}{69}{}} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {3}Stage 3}{70}{}} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {4}Stage 4}{70}{}} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {5}Stage 5}{70}{}} \citation{INTRO:ref5} \citation{INTRO:ref5} \citation{EPP:studyii} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {section}{\numberline {IV}Muon Colliders}{71}{}} \newlabel{higgsfact}{{IV}{71}{}{}{}} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {A}Higgs Factory Requirements}{71}{}} \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {31}{\ignorespaces Sizes of various proposed high energy colliders}}{72}{}} \newlabel{compare}{{31}{72}{}{}{}} \@writefile{lot}{\contentsline {table}{\numberline {XIII}{\ignorespaces Emittances at the end of various machines. }}{72}{}} \newlabel{emitable}{{XIII}{72}{}{}{}} \citation{INTRO:ref5} \citation{gail} \citation{higgsreport} \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {32}{\ignorespaces Schematic of a muon collider}}{73}{}} \newlabel{schematic}{{32}{73}{}{}{}} \citation{INTRO:ref5} \citation{eemeets} \citation{eework} \@writefile{lot}{\contentsline {table}{\numberline {XIV}{\ignorespaces Baseline parameters for high- and low-energy muon colliders. }}{74}{}} \newlabel{sum}{{XIV}{74}{}{}{}} \citation{balb1} \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {33}{\ignorespaces Plan of a 0.1-TeV-CoM muon collider}}{75}{}} \newlabel{plan1}{{33}{75}{}{}{}} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {B}Longitudinal Cooling}{75}{}} \newlabel{long-cool}{{IV\tmspace +\thinmuskip {.1667em}B}{75}{}{}{}} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {1}Solenoidal Ring Coolers}{75}{}} \citation{EPP:studyii} \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {34}{\ignorespaces (Color)Layout and parameters of the solenoid based ring cooler }}{76}{}} \newlabel{ring}{{34}{76}{}{}{}} \citation{INTRO:ref5} \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {35}{\ignorespaces (Color)Evolution of the beam emittance/transmission at the ring cooler. }}{77}{}} \newlabel{evol}{{35}{77}{}{}{}} \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {36}{\ignorespaces (Color)Figure shows a computer model of a 52cm radius dipole with index $n=-\frac {1}{2}$ and the calculated field components radially 10cm off axis. }}{77}{}} \newlabel{dipole}{{36}{77}{}{}{}} \citation{balb4} \citation{kahn} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {2}RFOFO ring coolers}{78}{}} \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {37}{\ignorespaces (Color)Layout of an RFOFO cooling ring. }}{79}{}} \newlabel{rforing}{{37}{79}{}{}{}} \citation{icool} \citation{EPP:studyii} \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {38}{\ignorespaces (Color)Three cells of the RFOFO lattice; a) plan, b) side. }}{80}{}} \newlabel{cells}{{38}{80}{}{}{}} \citation{ucla} \citation{synch} \citation{icool} \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {39}{\ignorespaces (Color)Transmission, normalized transverse emittance, normalized longitudinal emittance, normalized 6-dimensional emittance, and the merit factor, as a function of distance. }}{81}{}} \newlabel{all}{{39}{81}{}{}{}} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {3}Quadrupole Ring Coolers}{82}{}} \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {40}{\ignorespaces (Color) Schematic diagram of half of a 22.5$^\circ $ bending cell. A wedge absorber is located in the middle of the cell.}}{82}{}} \newlabel{fig:half}{{40}{82}{}{}{}} \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {41}{\ignorespaces (Color)The $\beta _{x}$, $\beta _{y}$, and $D$(dispersion) in a 22.5$^\circ $ bending cell. SYNCH calculations(solid curves) and beam parameters from an ICOOL simulation(marked points) are compared.}}{83}{}} \newlabel{fig:cell}{{41}{83}{}{}{}} \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {42}{\ignorespaces (Color) Top view of a sixteen cell muon cooling ring.}}{83}{}} \newlabel{fig:ringucla}{{42}{83}{}{}{}} \citation{balb5} \citation{balb6} \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {43}{\ignorespaces (Color)The evolution of x, y, z normalized emittances in 32 full turns.}}{84}{}} \newlabel{fig:figaa}{{43}{84}{}{}{}} \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {44}{\ignorespaces (Color) The transmission and the figure of merit factor as a function of the arc length in 32 full turns.}}{84}{}} \newlabel{fig:figbb}{{44}{84}{}{}{}} \citation{INTRO:ref5} \citation{kingnu} \citation{kinghi} \citation{INTRO:ref5} \citation{INTRO:ref5} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {4}Injection into Ring Coolers}{85}{}} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {C}Higher Energy Muon colliders}{85}{}} \newlabel{high-acc}{{IV\tmspace +\thinmuskip {.1667em}C}{85}{}{}{}} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {D}Muon Collider Detectors}{85}{}} \@writefile{lot}{\contentsline {table}{\numberline {XV}{\ignorespaces Parameters of Acceleration for a 4\nobreakspace {}TeV Muon Collider}}{86}{}} \newlabel{dntable}{{XV}{86}{}{}{}} \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {45}{\ignorespaces Strawman Geant detector for a muon collider}}{86}{}} \newlabel{geant}{{45}{86}{}{}{}} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {section}{\numberline {V}R\&D Status}{87}{}} \newlabel{r_and_d}{{V}{87}{}{}{}} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {A}R\&D Program Overview}{87}{}} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {B}Recent R\&D Accomplishments}{90}{}} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {1}Targetry}{90}{}} \citation{DarkCurrentnote} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {2}MUCOOL}{91}{}} \citation{muonsinc} \citation{longdyn} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {3}Feasibility Study-II}{93}{}} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {4}Beam Simulations and Theory}{93}{}} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {5}Other Component Development}{93}{}} \citation{balb1} \citation{mice-prop} \citation{MUTAC-report} \citation{cernmice} \citation{summers} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {6}Collider R\&D}{94}{}} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {section}{\numberline {VI}International Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment}{94}{}} \newlabel{mice}{{VI}{94}{}{}{}} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {A}Motivation}{94}{}} \citation{Blondel-cooling} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {B}Principle of the experiment}{95}{}} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {C}Conceptual design}{95}{}} \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {46}{\ignorespaces (Color)Conceptual layout of MICE upstream spectrometer: following an initial time-of-flight (TOF) measurement, muons are tracked using detector planes located within a solenoidal magnetic field. Although in principle three $x,y$ measurements as shown suffice to determine the parameters of each muon's helical trajectory, in practice additional measurement redundancy will be employed; for example, a fourth measurement plane can be used to eliminate very-low-momentum muons that would execute multiple cycles of helical motion. A similar spectrometer (but with the time-of-flight measurement at the end) will be used downstream of the cooling apparatus.}}{96}{}} \newlabel{fig:MICE-measurement}{{46}{96}{}{}{}} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {D}Performance}{96}{}} \citation{Hanke-cooling} \citation{endnote164} \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {47}{\ignorespaces (Color)Schematic layout of MICE apparatus.}}{97}{}} \newlabel{fig:MICE}{{47}{97}{}{}{}} \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {48}{\ignorespaces (Color)A possible MICE tracking-detector configuration.}}{97}{}} \newlabel{fig:MICE-tracking}{{48}{97}{}{}{}} \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {49}{\ignorespaces (Color)Distribution of ratios of output to input six-dimensional emittance for 1000 simulated experiments, each with 1000 accepted muons. The top figure shows the distribution of this ratio for the emittances as generated by simulation; the bottom figure, as ``measured" in the simulated experiments. The curves are Gaussian fits to the points.}}{98}{}} \newlabel{fig:MICE-resolution}{{49}{98}{}{}{}} \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {50}{\ignorespaces (Color)Results from ICOOL simulation of MICE: normalized transverse (left) and longitudinal (right) emittances {\em vs.}\ distance.}}{98}{}} \newlabel{fig:MICE-sim1}{{50}{98}{}{}{}} \bibcite{snolatest}{{1}{}{{}}{{}}} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {section}{\numberline {VII}Conclusions}{99}{}} \newlabel{Summary}{{VII}{99}{}{}{}} \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {51}{\ignorespaces (Color)Simulation results for 88-MHz variant of MICE apparatus: a) output emittance {\it vs.}\ input emittance, with 45$^\circ $ line (dashes) superimposed; b) beam transmission {\it vs.}\ input emittance; c) cooling performance (see text) {\it vs.}\ input emittance for various beam kinetic energies (top to bottom: 140, 170, 200, 230 MeV).}}{100}{}} \newlabel{fig:MICE-sim2}{{51}{100}{}{}{}} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {section}{\numberline {}References}{100}{}} \bibcite{superk}{{2}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{EPP:collaboration}{{3}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{PREFACE:budker}{{4}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{PREFACE:skrinsky}{{5}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{INTRO:ref3}{{6}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{INTRO:ref4}{{7}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{PREFACE:palmer}{{8}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{INTRO:ref5}{{9}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{INTRO:ref6}{{10}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{INTRO:ref11}{{11}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{INTRO:ref7}{{12}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{king94}{{13}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{rajageer}{{14}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{geer}{{15}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{non-osc}{{16}{}{{}}{{}}} \citation{rajageer} \bibcite{INTRO:ref13}{{17}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{INTRO:ref14}{{18}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{nufact01}{{19}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{nufact02}{{20}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{nufact03}{{21}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{europenf}{{22}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{japannf}{{23}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{mice-prop}{{24}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{INTRO:ref12}{{25}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{INTRO:ref1}{{26}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{INTRO:ref9}{{27}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{superbeams}{{28}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{EPP:studyii}{{29}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{DET:uno}{{30}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{landd}{{31}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{ICARUS}{{32}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{study2}{{33}{}{{}}{{}}} \citation{EPP:studyii} \bibcite{sol}{{34}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{wolf}{{35}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{bppw-1980}{{36}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{barg}{{37}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{ms}{{38}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{just-so}{{39}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{kam}{{40}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{imb}{{41}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{sk}{{42}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{soudan2}{{43}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{macro}{{44}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{chooz}{{45}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{lsnd}{{46}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{karmen}{{47}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{anl}{{48}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{k2k}{{49}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{opera}{{50}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{icanoe}{{51}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{minicop}{{52}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{jhf}{{53}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{unknowns}{{54}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{kamland}{{55}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{bmw-kamland}{{56}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{kamland1}{{57}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{bargermarf}{{58}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{fogli}{{59}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{zp}{{60}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{dgh}{{61}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{barger80}{{62}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{snowmass}{{63}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{kp88}{{64}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{baltz}{{65}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{petcov}{{66}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{akh}{{67}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{bernpark}{{68}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{bargergeer}{{69}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{lb}{{70}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{bargergeer2}{{71}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{barger-entry}{{72}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{barger-raja}{{73}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{golden}{{74}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{freund}{{75}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{cpv}{{76}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{formcon}{{77}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{yanag}{{78}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{bargersuperbeam}{{79}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{superbeam-peak}{{80}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{brighter}{{81}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{cern-nonosc}{{82}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{Hincks-Pontecorvo}{{83}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{Garwinetal}{{84}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{BNLg-2}{{85}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{Edgecock}{{86}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{HIMUS99}{{87}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{numass}{{88}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{Aysto_01}{{89}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{Marciano97}{{90}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{MECO}{{91}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{SINDRUM}{{92}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{MEGA}{{93}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{Cooper97}{{94}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{Mori_99}{{95}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{EDMLOI}{{96}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{Ellis_01}{{97}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{tau_mu}{{98}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{PDG}{{99}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{Aoki01}{{100}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{Farley_90}{{101}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{Knecht_02}{{102}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{Czarnecki_01}{{103}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{Marciano_2001}{{104}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{Kostelecki_00}{{105}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{Kawall97}{{106}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{Jungmann_01}{{107}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{Molzon97}{{108}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{Liu_99}{{109}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{Meyer_00}{{110}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{Hughes_60}{{111}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{Willmann_99}{{112}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{strasser_02}{{113}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{Penning_trap}{{114}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{Simons}{{115}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{Hayano_2001}{{116}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{bargersnow}{{117}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{clinehanson}{{118}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{Raja:1998ip}{{119}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{Barger:1997jm}{{120}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{Barger:1995hr}{{121}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{Battaglia:2000jb}{{122}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{Gunion:1996cn}{{123}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{rajawitherell}{{124}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{bbgh-wtt}{{125}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{bergerw}{{126}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{bergertop}{{127}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{kingnu}{{128}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{FNALbooster}{{129}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{pac1999}{{130}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{pac2001}{{131}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{MARSstudyii}{{132}{}{{}}{{}}} \citation{pac2001} \bibcite{ITERmag}{{133}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{Ref:ORNLtgt}{{134}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{daarht}{{135}{}{{}}{{}}} \citation{pac1999} \bibcite{GEANT4}{{136}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{proton-physics}{{137}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{low-pbar}{{138}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{gail}{{139}{}{{}}{{}}} \citation{nufact01} \bibcite{higgsreport}{{140}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{eemeets}{{141}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{eework}{{142}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{balb1}{{143}{}{{}}{{}}} \citation{pac2001} \bibcite{balb4}{{144}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{icool}{{145}{}{{}}{{}}} \citation{pac1999} \bibcite{balb5}{{146}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{balb6}{{147}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{kahn}{{148}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{ucla}{{149}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{ioni_cool}{{150}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{m1report}{{151}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{synch}{{152}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{kinghi}{{153}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{muonsinc}{{154}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{longdyn}{{155}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{DarkCurrentnote}{{156}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{MUTAC-report}{{157}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{cernmice}{{158}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{summers}{{159}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{Blondel-cooling}{{160}{}{{}}{{}}} \bibcite{Hanke-cooling}{{161}{}{{}}{{}}} \global \chardef \firstnote@num161\relax \bibcite{endnote162}{{162}{}{{}}{{}}} \citation{INTRO:ref5} \citation{INTRO:ref6} \citation{INTRO:ref11} \bibcite{endnote163}{{163}{}{{}}{{}}} \citation{Edgecock} \bibcite{endnote164}{{164}{}{{}}{{}}} \global\NAT@numberstrue \bibstyle{apsrev} \newlabel{LastBibItem}{{164}{112}{}{}{}} \newlabel{LastPage}{{}{112}}