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Misuse of Prescription Drugs

Table of Contents

All reports on prescription drugs

Cover

List of Figures
List of Tables

Highlights

1. Introduction
    1.1. Background
    1.2. Results from Other Studies
    1.3. Background on Prescription Drug Distribution and Control
    1.4. Description of NSDUH
    1.5. Measurement of Nonmedical Prescription Drug Use in NSDUH
    1.6. Measures of Demographic and Geographic Characteristics
    1.7. Organization of This Report

2. Prevalence and Recent Trends in Misuse of Prescription Drugs
    2.1. Recent Trends in the Prevalence of Nonmedical Use
    2.2. Trends in Prevalence, by Age Group and Gender
    2.3. Basic Prevalence Information
    2.4. Demographic Differentials in Rates of Nonmedical Use
        2.4.1 Age
        2.4.2 Gender and Gender-by-Age
        2.4.3 Race/Ethnicity
        2.4.4 Education
        2.4.5 Employment
        2.4.6 College Enrollment Status
        2.4.7 Pregnancy Status
    2.5. Geographic Differentials in Rates of Nonmedical Use
        2.5.1 Region
        2.5.2 County Type
    2.6. Differences in Past Year Use According to Age at Initiation
    2.7. Frequency of Use
    2.8. Summary

3. Patterns in Nonmedical Use of Specific Prescription Drugs
    3.1. Methodological Background
    3.2. Recent Trends in Lifetime Nonmedical Use of Specific Prescription Drugs
        3.2.1 Pain Relievers
        3.2.2 Tranquilizers
        3.2.3 Stimulants
        3.2.4 Sedatives
    3.3. Basic Prevalence Information
        3.3.1 Pain Relievers
        3.3.2 Tranquilizers
        3.3.3 Stimulants
        3.3.4 Sedatives
    3.4. Demographic Differences
        3.4.1 Pain Relievers
        3.4.2 Tranquilizers
        3.4.3 Stimulants
        3.4.4 Sedatives
    3.5. Use of Specific Drugs among Past Year Initiates of Any Drug in Class
        3.5.1 Pain Relievers
        3.5.2 Tranquilizers
        3.5.3 Stimulants
        3.5.4 Sedatives
    3.6. Summary

4. Incidence and Age at Initiation of Prescription Drug Misuse
    4.1. Background
    4.2. Trends in Past Year Initiation, 2002-2004
    4.3. Initiation of Prescription Drug Misuse, by Drug
        4.3.1 Demographic Variations in Initiation
        4.3.2 Geographic Variations in Initiation
    4.4. Age at First Use
    4.5. Past Year Initiates Relative to All Past Year Users
    4.6. Long-Term Trends in Initiation
        4.6.1 Pain Relievers
        4.6.2 Tranquilizers
        4.6.3 Stimulants
        4.6.4 Sedatives
    4.7. Summary

5. Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutic Drugs and Use of Other Substances
    5.1. Background
    5.2. Prescription Psychotherapeutic Drug Misuse and Use of Other Substances
    5.3. Other Drug Use among Nonmedical Prescription Psychotherapeutic Drug Users
    5.4. Order of Onset among Users of Both Prescription Psychotherapeutic Drugs and Other Drugs
    5.5. Summary

6. Prescription Drug Dependence, Abuse, and Treatment
    6.1. Background
    6.2. Trends in Dependence or Abuse
    6.3. Demographic Differences in Dependence or Abuse
    6.4. Geographic Differences in Dependence or Abuse
    6.5. Dependence or Abuse among Past Year Users
    6.6. Dependence or Abuse as a Function of Age at First Use
    6.7. Treatment for Any Illicit Drug Use
    6.8. Treatment for Problems Related to Nonmedical Prescription Drug Use
    6.9. Summary

7. State Variations in Nonmedical Use of Prescription Psychotherapeutic Drugs
    7.1. Background
    7.2. Any Prescription Psychotherapeutic Drug
    7.3. Pain Relievers
    7.4. Tranquilizers
    7.5. Any Stimulants
    7.6. Methamphetamine
    7.7. Sedatives
    7.8. Summary

8. Discussion: Substantive Findings and Methodological Issues and Challenges
    8.1. Summary and Discussion of Findings
        8.1.1 Trends in Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics
        8.1.2 Demographic and Behavioral Correlates of Past Year Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics
        8.1.3 Geographic and State-Level Differences in Past Year Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics
        8.1.4 Lifetime Misuse of Specific Prescription Psychotherapeutics
        8.1.5 Initiation of Prescription Psychotherapeutic Misuse in the Past Year
        8.1.6 Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics and Other Drug Use
        8.1.7 Dependence, Abuse, and Treatment for Prescription Psychotherapeutic Drug Misuse
    8.2. Methamphetamine as a Special Issue
    8.3. Methodological Issues and Challenges
        8.3.1 Definition of Nonmedical Use and Impact on Prevalence Estimates
        8.3.2 Changes in Prescription Drug Status: The Case of Methamphetamine
        8.3.3 Challenges in Modifying the NSDUH Instrument

References

Appendix

A. Description of the Surveys
B. Statistical Methods and Measurement
C. Estimates of Nonmedical Prescription Psychotherapeutic Drug Use in Earlier Years
D. Selected Data Tables

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