[Code of Federal Regulations] [Title 21, Volume 5] [Revised as of April 1, 2001] From the U.S. Government Printing Office via GPO Access [CITE: 21CFR312.88] [Page 90] TITLE 21--FOOD AND DRUGS CHAPTER I--FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES--Continued PART 312--INVESTIGATIONAL NEW DRUG APPLICATION--Table of Contents Subpart E--Drugs Intended to Treat Life-threatening and Severely- debilitating Illnesses Sec. 312.88 Safeguards for patient safety. All of the safeguards incorporated within parts 50, 56, 312, 314, and 600 of this chapter designed to ensure the safety of clinical testing and the safety of products following marketing approval apply to drugs covered by this section. This includes the requirements for informed consent (part 50 of this chapter) and institutional review boards (part 56 of this chapter). These safeguards further include the review of animal studies prior to initial human testing (Sec. 312.23), and the monitoring of adverse drug experiences through the requirements of IND safety reports (Sec. 312.32), safety update reports during agency review of a marketing application (Sec. 314.50 of this chapter), and postmarketing adverse reaction reporting (Sec. 314.80 of this chapter).