The viewing geometry afforded by Galileo's flight over the north pole and the low-angle illumination provide a unique opportunity to assess the geologic relationships among the smooth plains, cratered terrain, and impact ejecta deposits in the north polar region of the Moon. In this image of that region, the north pole is to the lower right. The view in the upper left is across the volcanic lava plains of Mare Imbrium. The prominent crater with the central peak is Pythagoras, an impact crater some 130 kilometers in diameter. The image suggests that these and other impacts on the Moon have exposed lava flows more than 3 billion years old. The size of the flows indicates that the Moon had more frequent and extensive volcanic disturbances during its youth than previously suspected. The image was taken 121,000 kilometers from the Moon through the violet filter of Galileo's imaging system. (P 41432)