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| Sponsored by: |
Austin Health |
|---|---|
| Information provided by: | Austin Health |
| ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: | NCT00505804 |
Purpose
The purpose of the study is to determine whether dexmedetomidine is a more effective medication than haloperidol in the treatment of agitation and delirium in patients receiving mechanical ventilation in an intensive care unit. Haloperidol is a medication conventionally used for this purpose.
The investigators will study only patients who have recovered from their illness to the point that, were it not for agitation and delirium, they would no longer require mechanical ventilation.
The investigators hypothesize that patients receiving dexmedetomidine will be able to discontinue mechanical ventilation earlier than those receiving haloperidol.
| Condition | Intervention | Phase |
|---|---|---|
|
Delirium Agitation Ventilator Weaning Respiration, Artificial Intensive Care |
Drug: dexmedetomidine Drug: haloperidol |
Phase II |
| Study Type: | Interventional |
| Study Design: | Treatment, Randomized, Open Label, Active Control, Parallel Assignment, Efficacy Study |
| Official Title: | A Randomised Open Label Pilot Study of the Efficacy of Dexmedetomidine and Haloperidol in Ventilated Patients With ICU-Associated Agitation and Delirium |
| Estimated Enrollment: | 20 |
| Study Start Date: | January 2005 |
| Study Completion Date: | November 2008 |
| Primary Completion Date: | November 2008 (Final data collection date for primary outcome measure) |
| Arms | Assigned Interventions |
|---|---|
| 1: Experimental |
Drug: dexmedetomidine
Dexmedetomidine IV infusion of 0.0 to 0.7 mg/kg/min for as long a deemed necessary by the treating clinician.
|
| 2: Active Comparator |
Drug: haloperidol
Haloperidol IV loading dose of 2.5mg, followed by a continuous infusion of 0.0 to 2mg/hr for as long as deemed necessary by the treating clinician
|
Up to 80% of patients undergoing intensive care have delirium. Early in the ICU stay, delirium and agitation are usually prevented using analgesic and sedative drugs which essentially render the patient unconscious. This is appropriate in the context of aggressive treatment of pathophysiological instability, which often requires multiple painful procedures. However, after the underlying pathophysiological problem has resolved, patients sometimes remain delirious and agitated. This often requires ongoing heavy sedation, which in turn necessitates continued mechanical ventilation, and can worsen the (temporarily masked) delirium. Prolonged mechanical ventilation increases the risk of ventilator associated pneumonia and other life threatening complications.
The drug most commonly used to treat delirium is haloperidol, which reduces hallucinations and unstructured thought patterns, but also reduces the interaction with the environment. Haloperidol has significant side effects, including extrapyramidal reactions (in 1-10% of patients), neuroleptic malignant syndrome (in which it is the cause in 50% of cases), and prolonged QT syndrome (which can precipitate fatal arrhythmias).
An ideal sedative agent in this context would have fewer side effects, relieve agitation without causing excessive sedation, and be easily titrated. An analgesic action might allow less opioid use, also lessening delirium. Early studies in other contexts suggest dexmedetomidine has all these properties.
The investigators hypothesise that patients with ICU-associated delirium after the resolution of their underlying pathological process who receive dexmedetomidine will be able to be extubated earlier than those who receive haloperidol.
Eligibility| Ages Eligible for Study: | 18 Years and older |
| Genders Eligible for Study: | Both |
| Accepts Healthy Volunteers: | No |
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
Patients who could not be extubated even if delirium or agitation were corrected. This will include:
Contacts and Locations| Principal Investigator: | Rinaldo Bellomo, MD FJFICM | Austin Health, University of Melbourne |
| Study Director: | Michael C Reade, MBBS FJFICM | Austin Health, University of Melbourne |
More Information
| Study ID Numbers: | H2004/02026 |
| Study First Received: | July 23, 2007 |
| Last Updated: | July 6, 2009 |
| ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: | NCT00505804 History of Changes |
| Health Authority: | Australia: Department of Health and Ageing Therapeutic Goods Administration |
|
dexmedetomidine haloperidol |
|
Neurotransmitter Agents Adrenergic Agents Psychotropic Drugs Antiemetics Psychomotor Agitation Adrenergic Agonists Haloperidol Signs and Symptoms Dopamine Mental Disorders Hypnotics and Sedatives Dexmedetomidine Analgesics Dementia Neurobehavioral Manifestations |
Delirium Adrenergic alpha-Agonists Tranquilizing Agents Central Nervous System Depressants Confusion Antipsychotic Agents Dyskinesias Cognition Disorders Haloperidol decanoate Delirium, Dementia, Amnestic, Cognitive Disorders Analgesics, Non-Narcotic Neurologic Manifestations Dopamine Agents Peripheral Nervous System Agents |
|
Neurotransmitter Agents Adrenergic Agents Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action Anti-Dyskinesia Agents Physiological Effects of Drugs Psychotropic Drugs Antiemetics Psychomotor Agitation Adrenergic Agonists Haloperidol Signs and Symptoms Sensory System Agents Mental Disorders Therapeutic Uses Hypnotics and Sedatives |
Psychomotor Disorders Analgesics Dexmedetomidine Neurobehavioral Manifestations Delirium Adrenergic alpha-Agonists Tranquilizing Agents Nervous System Diseases Gastrointestinal Agents Central Nervous System Depressants Dopamine Antagonists Confusion Antipsychotic Agents Dyskinesias Pharmacologic Actions |
