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Sponsors and Collaborators: |
Baylor College of Medicine Texas Children's Hospital The Methodist Hospital System Center for Cell and Gene Therapy |
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Information provided by: | Baylor College of Medicine |
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: | NCT00579111 |
Blood disorders such as leukemia or lymphoma or hemoglobinopathies can benefit from receiving an allogeneic (meaning that the cells are from a donor) stem cell transplant. Stem cells are created in the bone marrow. They grow into different types of blood cells that the body needs, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. In a transplant, the body's stem cells would be killed and then replaced by stem cells from the donor. Usually, patients are given very high doses of chemotherapy (drugs which kill cancer cells) prior to receiving a stem cell transplant.
However, patients that are older, have received several prior treatments, or have other organ diseases are at a high risk of getting life-threatening treatment-related side effects from high doses of chemotherapy. Over the past several years, some doctors have begun to use lower doses of chemotherapy for preparing patients for a stem cell transplant. A condition that can occur after a stem cell transplant from a donor is Graft Versus Host Disease (GVHD). It is a rare but serious disorder that can strike persons whose immune system is suppressed and have received either a blood transfusion or a bone marrow transplant. Symptoms may include skin rash, intestinal problems similar to inflammation of the bowel and liver dysfunction.
This research study uses a combination of lower-dose chemotherapy agents that is slightly different from those that have been used before. The medicines that will be used in this study are Fludarabine, Busulfan, both chemotherapy medicines, and Campath. Campath is a monoclonal antibody (a type of substance produced in the laboratory that binds to cancer cells). It helps the immune system see the cancer cell as something that needs to be destroyed.
This research study will help us learn if using Fludarabine, Busulfan and Campath prior to an allogeneic stem cell transplant can provide treatment for blood disorders while decreasing the incidence of side effects.
Condition | Intervention | Phase |
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Myelodysplastic and Myeloproliferative Disorders Acute Myelogenous Leukemia Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia Multiple Myeloma Plasma Cell Dyscrasia Lymphoproliferative Disorders Hematologic Diseases |
Drug: Campath Drug: Busulfan Drug: Fludarabine Procedure: Hematopoietic stem cell infusion Drug: FK-506 |
Phase I Phase II |
Study Type: | Interventional |
Study Design: | Treatment, Non-Randomized, Open Label, Uncontrolled, Parallel Assignment, Safety/Efficacy Study |
Official Title: | Fludarabine, Busulfan, And Alemtuzumab (Campath 1H) Followed By Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant For Malignant And Non-Malignant Hematological Disease |
Estimated Enrollment: | 53 |
Study Start Date: | June 2007 |
Estimated Primary Completion Date: | June 2012 (Final data collection date for primary outcome measure) |
Arms | Assigned Interventions |
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1: Experimental
Recipients of HLA matched sibling transplants
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Drug: Campath
10 mg/day IV daily for 3 days on days -6 to D-4.
Drug: Busulfan
3.2 mg/kg/day IV daily for 2 days, infused over 3 hours, on Day -5 and Day -4
Drug: Fludarabine
30mg/m2/day IV daily for 4 days on Day -5 to D -2
Procedure: Hematopoietic stem cell infusion
Peripheral blood stem cells when possible. Bone marrow cells will be used if peripheral blood cells are insufficient or unavailable.
Drug: FK-506
FK-506 at a dose of 0.03 mg/kd/day will be administered via continuous infusion over 24 hours from 4pm on Day
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2: Experimental
Recipients of unrelated or mismatched family donor transplants
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Drug: Campath
10 mg/day IV daily for 3 days on days -6 to D-4.
Drug: Busulfan
3.2 mg/kg/day IV daily for 2 days, infused over 3 hours, on Day -5 and Day -4
Drug: Fludarabine
30mg/m2/day IV daily for 4 days on Day -5 to D -2
Procedure: Hematopoietic stem cell infusion
Peripheral blood stem cells when possible. Bone marrow cells will be used if peripheral blood cells are insufficient or unavailable.
Drug: FK-506
FK-506 at a dose of 0.03 mg/kd/day will be administered via continuous infusion over 24 hours from 4pm on Day
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Allogeneic stem cell transplantation with high-dose chemotherapy affords a better chance of cure of malignant and non-malignant hematological diseases compared to autologous transplantation, because of the lack of stem cell contamination and the immune mediated graft vs. leukemia effect. Unfortunately, high-dose chemotherapy and allogeneic stem cell transplantation has a substantial treatment related mortality, that is particularly high in older patients (greater than 50 yrs of age), or in those with co-morbidities such as congestive heart disease and pulmonary disease. Patients who have pre-existing infections or who have had multiple relapses with prior chemotherapy are also at high risk. In all these groups, treatment related mortality may exceed 50%, making them ineligible for high-dose chemotherapy and allogeneic stem cell transplantation.
Recently interest has increased in using less toxic chemotherapy protocols that are termed submyeloablative. The intent is to allow partial engraftment of a donor immune and hemopoietic systems with subsequent progressive replacement of the host's own hemopoiesis and immunity. As the donor immune system becomes established, patients may develop full donor chimerism, without passing through the period of prolonged aplasia associated with conventional conditioning regimens, and with less of the associated toxicity. Preliminary results in high-risk patients have shown treatment related mortality (TRM) of 15-20%, versus 50% expected, with an overall survival rate of 70-80% at 1-2 years post transplant.
As might be anticipated, the major problem with sub-ablative conditioning is that the graft failure rate is increased, with published figures of 5-30% versus 1-5% predicted in fully ablated patients. The incorporation of lymphodepleting antibodies in the preliminary conditioning regimen may allow these rejection rates to be diminished. Moreover, a highly efficient lymphodepleting MAb or MAb combination might be successfully substituted in part or in whole for cytotoxic and immunosuppressive drugs, further increasing the safety and efficacy of the subablative approach to stem cell transplantation. Our own data using the crude polyclonal mixture of antibodies in ATG as a component of pre-transplant conditioning revealed an improvement in engraftment during matched unrelated donor transplantation.The lymphodepleting monoclonal antibody Campath IH has many of the properties desired for this application, and we propose to incorporate it in our conditioning regimen. Since CAMPATH1H persists after infusion, we would expect it to have additional anti-GvHD effector function, further reducing treatment related mortality (TRM).
The following preparative regimen will be delivered to all patients:
Neupogen (G-CSF) will be administered on Day +18 post transplant if needed, until granulocytes are greater than 1000/uL.
Because CAMPATH-1H infusions will provide a persisting level of antibody over the transplant period, it will contribute to anti-GvHD activity. Additional Graft vs. host disease prophylaxis will consist of FK506 administered from Day-2. All patients will receive supportive care (prophylaxis for antimicrobial, antiviral, antifungal and Pneumocystis Pneumonia, transfusions of blood products and intravenous gamma globulin and routine laboratory testing of chemistry and complete blood counts) as per Cell and Gene Therapy Standard Operating Procedures (SOP).
Ages Eligible for Study: | up to 70 Years |
Genders Eligible for Study: | Both |
Accepts Healthy Volunteers: | No |
Inclusion Criteria:
Conditions that increase treatment related mortality (need more than one to be eligible):
Available healthy donor without any contraindications for donation
Exclusion Criteria:
United States, Texas | |
Texas Children's Hospital | |
Houston, Texas, United States, 77030 | |
The Methodist Hospital | |
Houston, Texas, United States, 77030 |
Principal Investigator: | Rammurti T Kamble, MD | Baylor College of Medicine |
Responsible Party: | Baylor College of Medicine Center ( Rammurti Kamble, M.D. ) |
Study ID Numbers: | 19386, FAB |
Study First Received: | December 19, 2007 |
Last Updated: | July 24, 2009 |
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: | NCT00579111 History of Changes |
Health Authority: | United States: Institutional Review Board |
Non malignant hematologic diseases |
Antimetabolites Leukemia, Lymphoid Immunologic Factors Blood Protein Disorders Paraproteinemias Tacrolimus Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute Hemostatic Disorders Leukemia Acute Myelocytic Leukemia Hemorrhagic Disorders Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Adult Alemtuzumab Alkylating Agents Lymphoma |
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma Immunoproliferative Disorders Hematologic Diseases Blood Coagulation Disorders Myeloproliferative Disorders Vascular Diseases Fludarabine monophosphate Leukemia, Myeloid Immunosuppressive Agents Multiple Myeloma Lymphatic Diseases Busulfan Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating |
Antimetabolites Leukemia, Lymphoid Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action Immunologic Factors Antineoplastic Agents Blood Protein Disorders Physiological Effects of Drugs Paraproteinemias Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute Hemostatic Disorders Leukemia Pathologic Processes Hemorrhagic Disorders Therapeutic Uses |
Alemtuzumab Cardiovascular Diseases Alkylating Agents Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma Disease Neoplasms by Histologic Type Immunoproliferative Disorders Immune System Diseases Hematologic Diseases Myeloproliferative Disorders Vascular Diseases Fludarabine monophosphate Leukemia, Myeloid Immunosuppressive Agents Pharmacologic Actions |