OBJECTIVES: I. Determine the definable topospecific relationship between functional neuroactivation measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and chemostructural tissue measurements made with 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (1H-NMRSI) in patients with newly diagnosed brain tumors situated in the vicinity of the brain's language and motor regions. II. Determine if clinical improvement correlates with stronger imaging signatures of neuroactivation on fMRI in this patient population. III. Determine if functional loss during tumor recurrence or progression correlates with increases in choline and decreases in N-acetylaspartate on 1H-NMRSI in regions that previously displayed activation on fMRI or in associated underlying white matter regions in these patients.

OUTLINE: Patients undergo preoperative functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (1H-NMRSI), and conventional contrast MRI over 2 hours followed by neurofunctional motor and/or language neurofunctional testing. Intraoperatively, patients undergo corticography consisting of awake language mapping and motor cortex stimulation. Patients undergo repeat imaging and neurofunctional evaluation at 2 weeks following surgery and prior to any radiotherapy or chemotherapy. Patients also undergo neurological and neuropsychological testing consisting of basic gait, motor coordination, reflexes, hand motor, tongue motor, and language evaluation to measure baseline, preoperative, and postoperative clinical status and outcomes. Patients are followed every 4 months for 1 year.

PROJECTED ACCRUAL: A total of 40 patients will be accrued for this study over 4 years.