DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS: Histologically confirmed malignancy that is stage IV and/or at high risk of recurrence despite standard treatment Stage IV malignancy that is surgically rendered free of macroscopic tumor allowed if current available treatment is not likely to offer a survival advantage or result in significant palliation If at high risk for recurrence, must have an estimated recurrence rate of at least 75% following definitive therapy, such as: Postresection of pancreatic cancer Gastric cancer with regional lymph node involvement Node positive stage II or stage III esophageal cancer Stage IIIA or IIIB non-small cell lung cancer Breast cancer with at least 10 positive axillary nodes Must have low tumor burden or no evidence of disease Must have evidence of prior vaccinia (for smallpox immunization) Must have CEA expressing type tumor or a serum CEA elevation of 10 or greater during course of disease No CNS metastases Hormone receptor status: Not specified

PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS: Age: 18 and over Menopausal status: Not specified Performance status: ECOG 0-1 Life expectancy: At least 6 months Hematopoietic: Absolute granulocyte count at least 1,500/mm3 WBC at least 3,000/mm3 Platelet count at least 100,000/mm3 Hepatic: Bilirubin no greater than 2 times upper limit of normal (ULN) SGOT and SGPT no greater than 4 times ULN Renal: Creatinine no greater than 2.0 mg/dL OR Creatinine clearance at least 50 mL/min Other: HIV negative No uncontrolled seizure disorders, encephalitis, or multiple sclerosis No history of allergy or untoward reaction to prior vaccination with vaccinia virus No other prior or concurrent diagnosis of altered immune function, including eczema, atopic dermatitis, or any autoimmune disease such as systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjogren's syndrome, scleroderma, myasthenia gravis, Goodpasture's syndrome, Addison's disease, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, or active Graves' disease Must be maintaining a reasonable state of nutrition, consistent with weight maintenance No frequent vomiting or severe anorexia Must be able to avoid close contact with children 3 years or younger, pregnant women, individuals with eczema or history of eczema or other open skin conditions, or immunosuppressed individuals for at least 2 weeks after each vaccination No serious concurrent medical illnesses including inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, or active diverticulitis Not pregnant or nursing Negative pregnancy test Fertile patients must use effective contraception during and for at least 6 months after study

PRIOR CONCURRENT THERAPY: Must have recovered from toxic effects of all prior therapy Biologic therapy: Prior vaccinia immunization required No concurrent biologic therapy No concurrent immunotherapy Chemotherapy: At least 4 weeks since prior chemotherapy (6 weeks since prior nitrosoureas or mitomycin) No concurrent chemotherapy Endocrine therapy: Physiologic replacement of steroids allowed No concurrent hormonal therapy Radiotherapy: No prior radiotherapy to more than 50% of all nodal groups Surgery: At least 3 weeks since any prior major surgery