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Astronaut Photography of Earth - Display Record
STS038-91-78
Low-resolution Browse Image
(Most browse images are not color adjusted.)Images
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Images to View on Your Computer Now
| File Name | File Size (bytes) | Width | Height | Annotated | Cropped | Purpose | Comments | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| View | STS038-91-78.JPG | 45209 | 640 | 480 | No | No | ISD 1 | |
| View | STS038-91-78.JPG | 91260 | 540 | 677 | Yes | Yes | NASA's Earth Observatory web site | |
| View | STS038-91-78.JPG | 190728 | 539 | 403 | Yes | Yes | NASA's Earth Observatory web site |
Large Images to Request for Downloading
| File Name | File Size (bytes) | Width | Height | Annotated | Cropped | Purpose | Comments | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Request | STS038-91-78.TIF | 5000224 | 1294 | 1286 | No | No |
Download a Keyhole Markup Language (KML) file for use in Google Earth.
Electronic Image Data
Camera files only apply to electronic still cameras.No sound file available.
Identification
Mission: STS038 Roll: 91 Frame: 78 Mission ID on the Film or image: STS38Country or Geographic Name: TANZANIA
Features: MT. KILIMANJARO SUMMIT
Center Point Latitude: -3.0 Center Point Longitude: 37.5 (Negative numbers indicate south for latitude and west for longitude)
Stereo: Yes (Yes indicates there is an adjacent picture of the same area)
ONC Map ID: JNC Map ID:
Camera
Camera Tilt: 29Camera Focal Length: 250mm
Camera: HB: Hasselblad
Film: 5036 : Kodak, natural color positive, Ektachrome 5036,200 Professional, ASA 200, stand.
Quality
Film Exposure: NormalPercentage of Cloud Cover: 60 (51-75)
Nadir
Date: 19901119 (YYYYMMDD)GMT Time: 075709 (HHMMSS)Nadir Point Latitude: -1.8, Longitude: 37.5 (Negative numbers indicate south for latitude and west for longitude)
Nadir to Photo Center Direction: South
Sun Azimuth: 134 (Clockwise angle in degrees from north to the sun measured at the nadir point)
Spacecraft Altitude: 128 nautical miles (237 km)
Sun Elevation Angle: 64 (Angle in degrees between the horizon and the sun, measured at the nadir point)
Orbit Number: 54
Captions
Ten years ago, glaciers covered most of the summit of Mt. Kilimanjaro. This photograph was taken in November 1990 by the Space Shuttle mission STS-38 crew.By 2001, the glaciers had receded alarmingly, as shown by another photograph of Kilimanjaro taken by the crew of Space Shuttle mission STS-97 on December 2, 2000
Mountain glaciers are sensitive indicators of climate change, and those at tropical latitudes are particularly responsive. Mid-latitude and tropical glaciers have significantly decreased in area and volume over the past century. At the February 2001 meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), researchers reported dramatic changes in the volume of ice capping the Kibo summit of Kilimanjaro. An estimated 82 percent of the icecap that crowned the mountain when it was first thoroughly surveyed in 1912 is now gone, and the ice is thinning as well — by as much as a meter in one area. According to some projections, if recession continues at the present rate, the majority of the glaciers on Kilimanjaro could vanish in the next 15 years.
Download Packaged File.
This option downloads the following items, packaged into a single file, if they are available:
- Browse image
- Cataloged information with captions
- Camera file
- Sound file
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