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Weida Tong,¹ Xiaoxi Cao,² Stephen Harris,² Hongmei Sun,² Hong Fang,² James Fuscoe,³ Angela Harris,⁴ Huixiao Hong,² Qian Xie,² Roger Perkins,² Leming Shi,¹ and Dan Casciano⁵

¹Center for Toxicoinformatics, Division of Biometry and Risk Assessment, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas, USA; ²Northrop Grumman Information Technology, Jefferson, Arkansas, USA; ³Center for Functional Genomics, Division of Reproductive and Genetic Toxicology, ⁴Center for Hepatotoxicity, ⁵Office of Director, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas, USA

Abstract
The mapping of the human genome and the determination of corresponding gene functions, pathways, and biological mechanisms are driving the emergence of the new research fields of toxicogenomics and systems toxicology. Many technological advances such as microarrays are enabling this paradigm shift that indicates an unprecedented advancement in the methods of understanding the expression of toxicity at the molecular level. At the National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR) of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, core facilities for genomic, proteomic, and metabonomic technologies have been established that use standardized experimental procedures to support centerwide toxicogenomic research. Collectively, these facilities are continuously producing an unprecedented volume of data. NCTR plans to develop a toxicoinformatics integrated system (TIS) for the purpose of fully integrating genomic, proteomic, and metabonomic data with the data in public repositories as well as conventional in vitro and in vivo toxicology data. The TIS will enable data curation in accordance with standard ontology and provide or interface a rich collection of tools for data analysis and knowledge mining. In this article the design, practical issues, and functions of the TIS are discussed through presenting its prototype version, ArrayTrack, for the management and analysis of DNA microarray data. ArrayTrack is logically constructed of three linked components: a) a library (LIB) that mirrors critical data in public databases ; b) a database (MicroarrayDB) that stores microarray experiment information that is Minimal Information About a Microarray Experiment (MIAME) compliant ; and c) tools (TOOL) that operate on experimental and public data for knowledge discovery. Using ArrayTrack, we can select an analysis method from the TOOL and apply the method to selected microarray data stored in the MicroarrayDB ; the analysis results can be linked directly to gene information in the LIB. Key words: bioinformatics, data analysis, database, genomics, infrastructure, MIAME, microarray, systems toxicology, toxicogenomics, toxicology. Environ Health Perspect 111:1819-1826 (2003) . doi:10.1289/txg.6497 available via http://dx.doi.org/ [Online 15 September 2003]