Current Issues on Chemical Mixtures
Preface
Raymond S.H. Yang and William A. Suk
p. 1261
Overview of Human Health and Regulatory Policy Issues on Chemical
Mixtures
Human Health and Chemical
Mixtures: An Overview
David O. Carpenter, Kathleen F. Arcaro, Brian Bush, William D. Niemi,
Shaokun Pang, and Dilip D. Vakharia
p. 1263
Public Health Challenges Posed
by Chemical Mixtures
Hugh Hansen, Christopher T. De Rosa, Hana Pohl, Michael Fay, and Moiz
M. Mumtaz
p. 1271
Toxicology of Chemical Mixtures:
International Perspective
Victor J. Feron, Flemming R. Cassee, and John P. Groten
p. 1281
Maximum Workplace Concentration
Values and Carcinogenicity Classification for Mixtures
Rüdiger Bartsch, Stephan Forderkunz, Ulrike Reuter, Heidrun Sterzl-Eckert,
and Helmut Greim
p. 1291
Biomedical and Methodological Advances on Chemical Mixtures
Commentary: Current Approaches
toward Chemical Mixture Studies at the National Institute of Environmental
Health Sciences and the U.S. National Toxicology Program
John R. Bucher and George Lucier
p. 1295
Environmental Complex Mixture
Toxicity Assessment
Henry S. Gardner Jr., Linda M. Brennan, Margaret W. Toussaint, Alan
B. Rosencrance, E. Maxine Boncavage-Hennessey, and Marilyn J. Wolfe
p. 1299
Role of Tissue Repair in Toxicologic
Interactions among Hepatotoxic Organics
Madhusudan G. Soni and Harihara M. Mehendale
p. 1307
Interactive Toxicity and
Stress Protein Expression by Vinylidene Chloride and Monochloroacetate
in Precision-Cut Rat Liver Slices
Jayanthika Wijeweera, Jay Gandolfi, and Xing Hui Zheng
p. 1319
Tumors and DNA Adducts
in Mice Exposed to Benzo[a]pyrene and Coal Tars: Implications
for Risk Assessment
Lawrence S. Goldstein, Eric H. Weyand, Stephen Safe, Michael Steinberg,
Sandra J. Culp, David W. Gaylor, Frederick A. Beland, and Lewis V. Rodriguez
p. 1325
Medium-Term Bioassays for Carcinogenicity
of Chemical Mixtures
Nobuyuki Ito, Katsumi Imaida, Masao Hirose, and Tomoyuki Shirai
p. 1331
Lung Tumorigenic Interactions
in Strain A/J Mice of Five Environmental Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Stephen Nesnow, Marc J. Mass, Jeffrey A. Ross, Anthony J. Galati, Guy
R. Lambert, Chris Gennings, Walter H. Carter Jr., and Gary D. Stoner
p. 1337
Comparative Estrogenic Activity
of Wine Extracts and Organochlorine Pesticide Residues in Food
Kevin Gaido, Linda Dohme, Fan Wang, Ichen Chen, Barry Blankvoort, Kavita
Ramamoorthy, and Stephen Safe
p. 1347
Estimation of Toxicity of
Chemical Mixtures through Modeling of Chemical Interactions
M.M. Mumtaz, C.T. De Rosa, J. Groten, V.J. Feron, H. Hansen, and P.R.
Durkin
p. 1353
Statistically Designed Experiments
to Screen Chemical Mixtures for Possible Interactions
John P. Groten, Osamu Tajima, Victor J. Feron, and Eric D. Schoen
p. 1361
A Nonlinear Isobologram Model
with Box-Cox Transformation to Both Sides for Chemical Mixtures
Ding G. Chen and Joel G. Pounds
p. 1367
Mixture Design and Multivariate
Analysis in Mixture Research
Ingvar Eide and Hanne Greiff Johnsen
p. 1373
Physiological Modeling of
Toxicokinetic Interactions: Implications for Mixture Risk Assessment
Sami Haddad and Kannan Krishnan
p. 1377
Approaches to Developing Alternative
and Predictive Toxicology Based on PBPK/PD and QSAR Modeling
Raymond S.H. Yang, Russell S. Thomas, Daniel L. Gustafson, Julie Campain,
Stephen A. Benjamin, Henk J.M. Verhaar, and Moiz M. Mumtaz
p. 1385
Ecological and Engineering Advances on Chemical Mixtures
Molecular and Genetic Ecotoxicologic
Approaches to Aquatic Environmental Bioreporting
Barry J. Beaty, William C. Black, Jonathan O. Carlson, William H. Clements,
Nancy DuTeau, Elizabeth Harrahy, Jay Nuckols, Kenneth E. Olson, and
Alfredo Rayms-Keller
p. 1395
Altered Biologic Activities
of Commercial Polychlorinated Biphenyl Mixtures after Microbial Reductive
Dechlorination
Mahmoud A. Mousa, Patricia E. Ganey, John F. Quensen III, Burra V. Madhukar,
Karen Chou, John P. Giesy, Lawrence J. Fischer, and Stephen A. Boyd
p. 1409
Using Metal-Ligand Binding
Characteristics to Predict Metal Toxicity: Quantitative Ion Character-Activity
Relationships (QICARs)
Michael C. Newman, John T. McCloskey, and Christopher P. Tatara
p. 1419
Genotoxicity of Bioremediated
Soils from the Reilly Tar Site, St. Louis Park, Minnesota
Thomas J. Hughes, Larry D. Claxton, Lance Brooks, Sarah Warren, Richard
Brenner, and Fran Kremer
p. 1427
Bioassay-Directed Fractionation
and Chemical Identification of Mutagens in Bioremediated Soils
Lance R. Brooks, Thomas J. Hughes, Larry D. Claxton, Barry Austern,
Richard Brenner, and Fran Kremer
p. 1435
Modeling the Chemistry of Complex
Petroleum Mixtures
Richard J. Quann
p. 1441
Model Validation Concepts and Their Application
to Lead Models
Preface
Lester D. Grant, Robert W. Elias, and Allan H. Marcus
p. 1451
Evaluation (Not Validation)
of Quantitative Models
Naomi Oreskes
p. 1453
Historical Perspective
on Lead Biokinetic Models
Michael Rabinowitz
p. 1461
Uses and Limits of Empirical
Data in Measuring and Modeling Human Lead Exposure
Paul Mushak
p. 1467
Predicting Blood Lead Concentrations
from Lead in Environmental Media
Kathryn R. Mahaffey
p. 1485
A Physiologically Based
Kinetic Model for Lead in Children and Adults
Ellen J. O'Flaherty
p. 1495
The ICRP Age-Specific Biokinetic
Model for Lead: Validations, Empirical Comparisons, and Explorations
Joel G. Pounds and Richard W. Leggett
p. 1505
The Conceptual Structure of
the Integrated Exposure Uptake Biokinetic Model for Lead in Children
Paul D. White, Patricia Van Leeuwen, Barbara D. Davis, Mark Maddaloni,
Karen A. Hogan, Allan H. Marcus, and Robert W. Elias
p. 1513
Structure, Use, and Validation
of the IEUBK Model
Marlin H. Mickle
p. 1531
Measurement Error, Biases,
and the Validation of Complex Models for Blood Lead Levels in Children
Raymond J. Carroll and Christian D. Galindo
p. 1535
Some Useful Statistical Methods
for Model Validation
Allan H. Marcus and Robert W. Elias
p. 1541
The Integrated Exposure
Uptake Biokinetic Model for Lead in Children: Independent Validation
and Verification
Larry Zaragoza and Karen Hogan
p. 1551
Integrated Exposure Uptake
Biokinetic Model for Lead in Children: Empirical Comparisons with Epidemiologic
Data
Karen Hogan, Allan Marcus, Roy Smith, and Paul White
p. 1557
Blood Lead Slope Factor Models
for Adults: Comparisons of Observations and Predictions
Teresa S. Bowers and Joshua T. Cohen
p. 1569
An Empirical Comparison of
Lead Exposure Pathway Models
Paul Succop, Robert Bornschein, Katie Brown, and Chih-Yu Tseng
p. 1577
Roles of Lead-Binding Proteins
in Mediating Lead Bioavailability
Bruce A. Fowler
p. 1585
Bioavailability of Soilborne
Lead in Adults, by Stable Isotope Dilution
Mark Maddaloni, Nancy LoIacono, William Manton, Conrad Blum, John Drexler,
and Joseph Graziano
p. 1589
